Unit1讲义鲁教版七年级英语上册.docx

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1、Unit1讲义 鲁教版七年级英语上册1、掌握复合不定代词的用法。2、学会描述旅游和假期的相关话题。3、一、重点短语go on vacation去度假       stay at home待在家里             go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海滩      visit museums 参观博物馆     

2、    go to summer camp去参观夏令营quite a few相当多          study for为而学习             go out出去   most of the time大部分时间   taste good尝起来很好吃         

3、60;have a good time玩得高兴of course当然             feel like给的感觉；感受到    go shopping去购物       in the past在过去          walk around四处走走      &

4、#160;      because of因为one bowl of 一碗    the next day第二天               drink tea喝茶     find out找出；查明         go on 继续    

5、0;                 something important重要的事up and down上上下下      come up出来                    take photos照相4、dec

6、ide  v. “决定，下决心”【拓展】n. decision “决心，决定”【搭配】decide to do.决定做     decide on取决于     make one's decision 某人下决心I decided to buy a computer last week.  我上个星期决定买一台电脑Saving the people decided on the weather.   抢救人们取决于天气He made his decision to s

7、uicide. 他下决心自杀5、unfriendly  adj.  “不友好的，有敌意的”  由un- + friendly【搭配】be friendly to sb.  对某人友好   be unfriendly to sb.  对某人不友好Our new English teacher is very friendly to us. 我们的新英语老师对我们非常友好【拓展】un-表示not 的含义，为否定前缀，表示一种相反的意义 其他学过的un-作前缀的单词： lucky（幸运的） unlucky（不幸

8、的）crowded（拥挤的） uncrowded（不拥挤的） fit（合适的） unfit（不合适的） fair（公平的） unfair（不公平的） known（闻名的） unknown（不闻名的）6、anywhereanywhere是副词，意为“在任何地方”，常用在否定句或疑问句中，而在肯定句中，则多用somewhere。例如：He cant find his English book anywhere. 他到处找不到他的英语书。I think he must live somewhere. 我觉得他肯定住在某个地方。7、feel   v.

9、感觉，觉得【搭配】feel+ adj. 感到I feel hungry / tired /happy / excitedfeel like doing sth. 想做某事，愿意做某事I don't feel like dancing now.  我现在不想跳舞。【拓展】绝大部分的动词+副词，但是个别的动词+只能用形容词,这些特殊动词feel, sound, look, hear, taste尝+形容词, 这些动词我们称为：连系动词。连系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，后面必须加 n./pron./adj./分词等作表语，一同构成谓语It feels soft. &

10、#160;它摸上去是软的He didnt feel hot. 他觉得不热She looks happy. 她看起来很高兴。8、fewfew 意为“少数的；很少的”，只修饰可数名词，表否定含义。例如：I can see few birds in the tree. 我几乎看不到树上有鸟。a few 意为“几个；少许” 相当于several，只修饰可数名词复数，表肯定含义。例如：He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。【拓展】(1) little 意为“很少；一点儿”，用于 “量；额；价值”等概念，修饰不可数名词，表否定含义。little还表示“小的”之意。例如：There is

11、 little milk in the cup. 杯子里没有牛奶了。A little boy is coming. 一个小男孩过来了。(2) a little 意为“有点儿；少量” 修饰不可数名词，表示肯定含义。例如：He has a little money with him. 他随身带了点儿钱。a little也可以用作副词，修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语，表示“有点，稍稍”。例如：He is a little tired. 他有点累了。You should walk a little faster. 你应该走快一点。She was only a little over fifty y

12、ears old.她才五十多一点。(3) 相关短语：quite a few = not a few 相当多的quite a little许多only a little = but a little 相当少9、most(1) most后可直接跟名词(可数或不可数)，同时，也可接有形容词修饰的名词。例如：Most boys like playing football. 大部分男孩都喜欢踢足球。(2) most前有定冠词时，可用来修饰多音节形容词，表示最高级，意为“最”。但是，如果most前有不定冠词a，则表示“非常；很”，相当于very。例如：This is the most beautiful

13、flower. 这是最漂亮的花。She is a most beautiful girl. 她是个非常漂亮的姑娘。(3) most后不能直接跟有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词所修饰的名词，用most of代替most。例如：I did most of that difficult work. 那件困难的工作绝大部分都是由我做的。Most of the time we eat fish. 绝大部分时间我们都吃鱼肉。【拓展】(1) almost = very nearly，指在程度上相差很少，almost可与no，none，nothing，never，nobody等表示否定意义的词连用。例如：

14、0; I almost missed the flight我差一点误了航班。  Almost no one believed what he said几乎没人相信他的话。(2) mostlymainly 意为“大部分、主要地”。例如：The students in our class are mostly from the factory. 我们班的学生主要来自这家工厂。   His stories were mostly about his travels in foreign countries他的故事大多是关于他在国外旅游的经历10、seemseem是系动词

15、，意为“好像，似乎，看来”，后常接形容词。例如：He seems very angry. 他好像非常生气。【拓展】seem的用法归纳：(1) seem + 名词例如：He seems a nice man. 他看起来是个好人。(2) seem like意为“好像，似乎”。例如：It seemed like not a bad idea at that time. 那时这主意好像不错。(3) seem to do sth. 意为“似乎、看来、好像做某事”。例如：I seem to have left my book at home. 我好像把书忘在家里了。(4) It seems that或It

16、 seemed that意为“看起来好像，似乎”。例如：It seemed that he was very happy. 他看上去好像很高兴。(5) seem to be + 形容词或名词例如：She seems to be happy. 她看起来很高兴。11、trytry to do sth.意为“设法去做某事，尽量去做某事”，其否定形式为try not to do sth.。例如：Try not to be late again. 尽量别再迟到了。Try to get here in two hours.尽量在两小时之内到达。【拓展】(1) try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事

17、”，强调尝试做某事。例如：You should try eating more vegetables. 你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。(2) try ones best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。例如：We should try our best to finish the work on time. 我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。(3) try 构成的短语：trysth. on 试穿try out sth.试验、检验have a try 试一试try for sth.试图获得某物try ones best 尽某人最大努力12、 enough(1) enoug

18、h作形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如：The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。(2) enough还可作副词，意为“足够地”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如：The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。【拓展】(1) enoughto do sth. “有足够的做某事”。例如：I

19、dont have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。(2) enough to do可以同tooto或sothat结构互相转换。例如：He isnt old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he cant go to school. 他太小而不能上学。13、all day  一整天，一天到晚It snowed all day 雪下了一整天My parents work all day 我父母整天工作【拓展】整夜a

20、ll night  日日夜夜all day and all night【辨析】all 与 whole（1）位置不同：all + the/形容词性物主代词/指示代词/基数词the/形容词性物主代词/指示代词/基数词 + wholeall the morning = the whole morning   整个上午（2）在复数名词前一般用all，在单数可数名词前一般用whole All + 限定词 + （单数）/复数名词    限定词 + whole + 单数名词All the flowers here are red.

21、60; 这儿所有的花都是红色的The whole school is quiet.   整个校园都很安静（3）和专有名词搭配：all + 专有名词     the whole of + 专有名词all China = the whole of China  全中国14、buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物             taste + adj. 尝起来  &#

22、160;seem+（to be）+ adj.  看起来                  keep doing sth.继续做某事arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点  到达某地     tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事 / try to do sth.尽力去做某事   dec

23、ide to do sth.决定去做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/                      forget to do sth.忘记做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事                

24、         want to do sth.想去做某事  stop doing sth. 停止做某事                         dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事   Why not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？

25、               so+adj.+that   如此以至于look+adj. 看起来                             

26、60;                      start doing sth.开始做某事      15、 -Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假了。  -I went to the mountains. 我去了山区。（1）这是一个特殊疑问句构成：特殊疑问词助

27、动词主语动词+其它？由于是询问已发生的动作（过去的事情），所以助动词用过去式did，其后的动词用原形。Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去了哪儿？  I visited my friends. 我去拜访了朋友。（2）与go to the mountains结构类似的词组还有：go to the beach 去海边go to summer camp 去夏令营go to New York 去纽约市 go on vacation 去度假go to a trip 去旅行 go to the movies 去看电影16、We waited over an hour

28、for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多，所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。（1）wait for意为“等候”，其后可接人或物。 Ill wait for you at the door.我将在门口等你。 Tom was waiting for a bus over there.汤姆正在那里等公交车。（2）over介词，意为“多于；超过；在以上（表示数目、程度）”，相当于more than。 My father is over 40 years old.我爸爸40多岁了。【拓展】 

29、;over表示“在之上”，与物体垂直且不接触，反义词为under。 There is a map over the blackboard.黑板正上方有一幅地图。 over表示“通过”。 I hear the news over the radio.我通过收音机听新闻。 over表示“遍及”。 I want to travel all over the world.我想环游世界。17、I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting! 我感觉像一只小鸟。太令人兴奋了！feel like意为“感觉像”。其后常

30、接从句。 He feels like he is swimming.他感觉像在游泳一样。 Lucy feels like she is in a very nice dream.露西感觉像在美梦里一样。【拓展】feel like还可意为“想要”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。 feel like doing sth.=want to do sth.=would like to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”。Do you feel like a cup of tea now? 你现在想喝杯茶吗？Do you feel like taking a walk in

31、the park with me? 你想跟我在公园里散步吗？18、1. Where did you go on vacation ? 你去哪儿度假？【解析】 vacation v'ken    n 假期 = holiday          on vacation 在度假    take a vacation 去度假          &#

32、160; winter vacation 寒假   summer vacation 暑假I have a lot of _every year . (vacation)(   )   Where did Sarah go on vacation?     She went to America. A. on vacation         B. take a vacation   C. is o

33、n vacation       D. is for vacation19、We had great fun playing in the water. 在海里我们玩得很高兴。have fun doing something = enjoy oneself doing something做某事很快乐I had great fun going shopping over the weekend.我周末去购物很快活Did you have fun listening to music? 听音乐，你觉得快乐吗？【拓展】have fun =h

34、ave a good time = enjoy oneself  玩得开心20、My sister and I tried paragliding.我和姐姐尝试了滑翔伞运动。try此处用作及物动词，其后常接名词、动名词或不定式，意为“尝试；设法；努力。”She is trying my bicycle. 她正在试骑我的自行车。Why not try riding a bike to school? 为什么不试着骑自行车去上学呢？【拓展】（1）try也可用作不及物动词，意为“尝试；努力”。I dont think I can do it, but Ill try.我认为我做不了它，但是

35、我要尝试一下。（2）try用作名词，意为“尝试”，常用于短语have a try，意为“试一试”。Im going to have a try.我想试一试。 【辨析】（1）try doing sth. 尝试着做某事：表示一种尝试、做做看的想法，不一定付出很多努力  I tried calling him, but no one answered.我试着给他打电话了，但没有人接听。（2）try to do sth. 尽力设法去做某事：表示尽一切办法要把事情办成。  Im trying to learn English well.我正尽力把英语学好。21、复合不定代词

36、不指明替代某个(些)人、某个(些)事物的代词叫不定代词。由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing连用，构成复合不定代词。复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, everything, everybody, everyone。（1）复合不定代词的定语：复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲些有趣的事情吗？（2）含some-和any-的复合

37、不定代词间的用法区别 something，someone，somebody通常用于肯定句中，而anything，anyone，anybody一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中。He found something strange but interesting.他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。  Do you have anything to say ？你有话要说吗？  I cant meet anybody  on the island. 在岛上，我没遇见任何人。 在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，用something，someone，somebody等复合不定代词。Would you like something to eat？要些吃的东西吗？ 当anything表示“任何事（物），无论何事（物）”，anyone，anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”等意义时，它们也可以用于肯定句中。如：Anything is OK. 什么都行。Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。