八年级英语时态.doc

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1、 人教版七、八年级英语重要时态集中营第一部分：时态解析及巩固练习。一一般现在时：1.一般现在时的概念和用法：（1）表示现阶段经常、反复、习惯性的动作;（2）表示目前的状况；（3）表示自然界的客观真理。2.几种结构形式：（1）谓语动词是 be 动词： A：肯定：主语 + be(am , is , are ) + 其他例：I am a teacher , and she is a doctor .B：否定：主语 + be + not +其他例:They are not good at English .C:一般疑问：Be +主语 +其他 ?例:Is your mother a farmer ?D:

2、特殊疑问：疑问词 + 一般疑问句式即：疑问词 + be +主语 +其他 ?例: Who is the girl over there ?（2）谓语动词是实义动词（行为动词）：A：肯定：主语 + 动词原形 第三人称单数形式 + 其他 例: We need some money . She likes shopping .B:否定：主语 + dont (doesnt) + 动词原形 +其他 例：They dont have any story books .My son doesnt eat meat .C：一般疑问：Do (Does) + 主语 + 动原 + 其他 ？Do you live in

3、 the country ?Does the headmaster have a lot of money ?D:特殊疑问：疑问词 + 一般疑问句式即：疑问词 + do (does) + 主语 + 动原 +其他 ？例：What do you have for supper ?Which subject does Tom prefer ?（3）谓语含有情态动词：A：肯定：主语 + 情态动词 + 实动原 + 其他 例：He can speak English well .B:否定：主语 + 情态动词 + not + 实动原 + 其他 例：You mustnt swim in the river .

4、C:一般疑问：情动 + 主语 +实动原 + 其他 ？例：May I come in ? Could you help me ?D:特殊疑问：疑问词 + 一般疑问句式即：疑问词 + 情动 + 主语 + 实动原 + 其他 ？例：What can I do for you ?Who should they ask for help 3动词第三人称单数形式的变法：与名词变成复数的变法大致相同。巩固练习。1.We _ ( go ) to school on foot every day .2.They _( not have ) any lessons on Sundays .3.She _ ( bru

5、sh ) her teeth twice a day .4.These students _ ( be not ) good at boating .5.Wei Hua always _( carry ) water for his grandpa on Sundays .6._Kate _( like ) making friends ?7.The lazy boy _( not do ) his homework in the evening .8.How many classes _you _( have ) every day?9.Who _the baby _( look ) lik

6、e ?10.He can _( teach ) us Enlgish well .11. He often _(have) dinner at home.12. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.13. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.14. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?15. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?16. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.17. She and

7、 I _(take) a walk together every evening.18. There _(be) some water in the bottle.19. They _(have) the same hobby.20. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.21. You always _(do) your homework well.22. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.23. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.24. The child often

8、_(watch) TV in the evening.25.-What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.26. He _ (get) up at six oclock.27. _ you _ (brush) your teeth every morning?28. What _he usually _ (do) after school?29. Danny _ (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school.?30.What time _ his mother _ (do) the house

9、work?二一般过去时 1.一般过去时的概念和用法： (1).表示过去某个时间或过去经常、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 We had a good time last Sunday . He was a farmer last spring . I often went fishing fifteen years ago . (2).有时动作发生的时间不是很清楚，但实际上已经是过去发生的，要用过去时表示。 I broke my leg in the accident. 2.一般过去时句子的几种构成形式： (1). 谓语动词是 be 动词： A：肯定：主语 + be(was , were ) +

10、 其他 例：I was at home just now. They were out yesterday . B：否定：主语 + be + not +其他 例:They were not good at English last term. C:一般疑问：Be +主语 +其他 ? 例:Was your mother a farmer ? D:特殊疑问：疑问词 + 一般疑问句式 即：疑问词 + be +主语 +其他 ? Where were you ten minutes ago ? (2).谓语动词是实义动词（行为动词）： A：肯定：主语 + 动词过去式+ 其他 例: We moved to

11、 China many years ago . B:否定：主语 + didnt + 动词原形 +其他 例：We didnt have any classes yesterday . C：一般疑问：Did + 主语 + 动原 + 其他 ？ Did you have a good time at the party ? D:特殊疑问：疑问词 + 一般疑问句式 即：疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动原 +其他 ？ What did you eat just now ? 3.规则动词的过去式变法： A.一般情况下直接在词尾加 “ed”. B.以e结尾的直接加d. C.以辅音字母 + y结尾的，改y为

12、i,再ed. 如：study ,carry 等。 D.以重读闭音节结尾的，即以重读的“辅 + 元 + 辅”结构结尾，先双 写后一个辅音字母，再加ed. 如：step , control , prefer 等。巩固练习：1.We _( begin ) the class meeting an hour ago.2.The girl _( stop ) crying when she saw her mother.3.Tom _( not have ) his breakfast this morning , now he feels very hungry .4._you _( see ) th

13、e accident yesterday ?5.Why _her mother _( go ) there in 1990 ?6.The little boy _( be ) born on a cold evening .7.John _( fall ) off the tree and hurt himself badly .8.There _( be ) a heavy rain last night 9.Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month.10. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last nig

14、ht.So he _ (get) up late.11. Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning.12. My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday.13. There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be)14. -When _ you _ (come) to china?-Last year.15. _ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?16. How many people _ (be) there in your class l

15、ast term?17. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no time to watch it.三. 一般将来时 1.一般将来时的概念和用法： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态；或者事先安排好要做的事情。 2.句子结构形式： (1).be going to + 动词原形 其中的be只能是am , is ,are A：肯定：主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他 Tim is going to join the army . B：否定：主语 + be +not+ goin

16、g to + 动词原形 + 其他 Mother is not going to do some shopping today . C：一般疑问：Be +主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 Are you going to talk with me ? D:特殊疑问：疑问词+ 一般疑问句式 即：疑问词 + be +主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 Where is your uncle going to spend his holiday ? 注：在使用be going to 结构时，如果它后面的动词表示位置转移，在造句时可以直接用那个动词的现在进行时形式（be

17、 + V-ing )来表示将来的动作。 常见的表示位置转移的动词有：go , come , leave , fly 等。 如：The old man is going to go to the hospital . =The old man is going to the hospital . The football star is going to leave for Shanghai tomorrow . =The football star is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. (2). will + 动词原形 A：肯定：主语 + will + 动词原形

18、+ 其他 I will call you later . B:否定：主语 + will +not (wont) + 动词原形 + 其他 We will not be late for school again . They wont get up so early . C:一般疑问：Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 ？ Will he come to my home for supper ? D:特殊疑问： 疑问词 + will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 ？ When will the film begin ?巩固练习：（一）词形变换。 1. Today is a sunny

19、 day. We_ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 2. My brother _ (fly) to Shanghai next week. 3. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rainy. He _ (go) to school by bike. 4. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 5.They _(come ) in two days . 6._she _(join ) us tomorrow ? 7.There _(be) a baske

20、tball match next Monday .（二）单项选择。1.Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give2.He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A. gives B. gave C. will give D. is going giving3.He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going

21、to coming back4.Who _ _ swimming with us tomorrow afternoon?A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; goes5.The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A. will watch B. watches C. is watching D. to watch6.They _ an English evening next Sunday.A. are having B. are going to have C. will havi

22、ng D. is going to have7._ you _ free next Sunday?A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be8.He _ there at ten tomorrow morning.A. will B. is C. will be D. be9.I _ _ a teacher in the future.A. will, be B. is, be C. is, being D. will, is10.They _ _ to the park next Sunday.A. will goes B. will go C

23、. is going D. will go11.My family _ _ to church next weekend.A. will go B. goes C. will going D. is going12.My mother will _ me a pencil tonight.A. gives B. giving C. give13.He _ play football tomorrow.A. will B. is C. be14.My grandpa and grandma _ _ to see us in two days.A. will coming B. will come

24、 C. is coming D. are coming15.She _ _ TV this evening.A. wills watch B. will watching C. is watching D. will watch16.My grandpa _ _ at home the day after tomorrow.A. will stay B. wills stay C. will stays D. is staying17.Mom will _ back soon.A. comes B. coming C. comes D. come四、现在进行时 1.现在进行时的概念和用法： 表

25、示某一动作此时此刻或目前阶段正在进行。 2.构成形式： 助动词be + 动词的现在分词（动词的ing形式） 其中的be只能是am , is , are (1).肯定：主语 +助动词be + 动词的现在分词+其他 She is writing a letter. We are having supper . (2).否定：主语 +助动词be +not+ 动词的现在分词 + 其他 Tom isnt reading English but watching TV at the moment . I am not feeling well today . (3).一般疑问： Be +主语 + 动词的现

26、在分词 + 其他 ？ Are you singing an English song ? Is your mother cooking in the kitchen ? (4).特殊疑问：疑问词 + 一般疑问句式 即：疑问词+be +主语 + 动词的现在分词 + 其他 ？ What is Kate doing in her room now ? Who are they waiting for ? 3.动词的现在分词变法： A.一般的直接加ing . B.以不发音的字母e结尾，先去掉 e，再加上ing. C.以重读闭音节结尾的，即以重读的“辅 + 元 + 辅”结构结尾，先双 写后一个辅音字母，

27、再加ing. 如：begin , shop 等 。巩固练习：l 1.Li Lei is _ ( write ) something carefully .l 2.Look ! The little girl _(listen) to music .l 3.-Where are the twins ?- They_( sit ) under the bed .l 4.Our English teacher _( not sleep ) right now , instead he is working .l 5._your uncle _( drive ) a car now ?l 6. Don

28、t go outside , it _( rain ) heavily .l 7.What _your friends _( do ) at the moment?l 8.What is _( happen ) over there ? l 9.When spring comes , its _( get ) warmer and warmer.l 10.The children _( enjoy ) the field trip now 五.过去进行时 1.过去进行时的概念和用法： 表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。常与以下时间状语连用：at that time , at this ti

29、me yesterday , at 8:00 last night 等。 2.构成形式: be( was , were ) + V-ing (1).肯定：主语+ was/were + V-ing + 其他 We were having a meeting at that time . She was cooking when I got home. (2).否定：主语+ was/were +not + V-ing + 其他 She wasnt watching TV at this time yesterday. (3).一般疑问：Were /Was + 主语 +V-ing +其他 ？ Wer

30、e you having supper at that moment ? (4).特殊疑问： 疑问词+ were /was + 主语 +V-ing +其他 ? What were you doing at that time ?巩固练习：l 1.Tom _( wash ) clothes when I saw him .l 2.While we _( talk ) in the room , the light suddenly went out .l 3.She _( play ) the piano at that time .l 4._Mr Zhang _( give ) a talk

31、when an earthquake l happened ?l 5.Some of the students _(clean ) the classroom this time yesterday .l 6.Where _your mother _( shop ) when I called her .六. 现在完成时 一、现在完成时的概念和用法： 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have already finished my homework . 2.表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。（要求动词是延续性的） （常与for 或since 引导的时间状语连

32、用） I have waited for you for half an hour . She has been a teacher since 1999. We have studied in this school since two years ago . They have been away since the accident happened. 【注】 for + 时间段 since + 过去的某个时间/时刻或者是一个一般过去时的句子。 时间段:如：a minute , three days , half an hour等。 过去的某个时间/时刻: 如:last week , y

33、esterday, three years ago , 1990等 二、构成形式： 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词 1.肯定：主语 + have/has +过去分词+其他 We have planted many trees . 2.否定：主语 + have/has +not +过去分词+其他 I havent finished my composition yet . She hasnt been to Chongzuo . 3.一般疑问： Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词+其他？ Have you had your breakfast ？-Yes , I have ./

34、 No , I havent . Has your mother made a cake ?-Yes , she has . /No , she hasnt . 4.特殊疑问：疑问词+一般疑问句式 即：疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词+其他? Where have you spent your winter holidays . What has the thief done these days ? 【附】：动词过去分词的变法： 说明：规则的动词过去分词的变法与过去式相同；不规则的动词过去分词变法请参照课本后面的不规则动词表。 三、常用的时间状语：these days ,

35、 for 5 years , since 1989 , so far , already , just , yet , ever, never , once , twice , recently等。 【注】 already 一般用在肯定句子中。表示“已经”。 yet 用在否定或疑问句子末。(否:还;疑:已经） 四、比较havehas been to , havehas gone to 和havehas been in 的用法: 1. havehas been to + 地名 （ havehas been +地副） 表示到过或去过某地，现在人已经不在那里。 I have been to Beij

36、ing before . She has never been there . 2. havehas gone to +地名 （ havehas gone+地副） 表示去了某地，可能正在去的途中或已经在那里） My aunt has gone to New York on business . The twins have gone back to America . 3. havehas been in +地名（ havehas been +地副）表示来在某地呆了多久。 I have been in this school since I came here . Mary has been

37、in that village for over two months .【注】短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, go, join, leave等，为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词have，keep等或短语“be+名词（形容词、位置副词、介词短语）”来代替这些短暂性动词， 如：become be, beginhave 或 be on, borrowkeep, buyhave, come(go, arrive, get) be here/there/in，diebe d

38、ead例如：I have kept this book for two weeks .(不能用borrowed) She has had the beautiful car for nearly ten years .( 不能用bought) Lu Xun has been dead for many years .( 不能用died)The film has been on for half an hour . (不能用 begun)巩固练习：有关since和for的练习1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.2. Ive know

39、n him _ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. It has been about ten years _ she left the city.6.Ive been like this _last week.用ever , never , already , yet , just 填空1.I have _seen him before , so I have no idea abou

40、t him .2.Jack has _finished his homework .3. -“Have you _seen the film”-No , I have _seen it .”4.-“Has the bus left _?”-Yes , it has _left.”用have(has) been to /have(has) gone to /have(has) been in 各种形式填空。1.-Where is Jack ?-He _his country .2.John _England since he came back .3.How long _they _this v

41、illage ?4.The Smiths _Beijing for years .5.-“_ you ever _America ?” -“Yes , I _there many times .”6.-“Would you like to go to the zoo with me ?” -“Sorry , but I _there before .”用所给词的适当形式填空。（与相关时态混合练习）1.Shes _(live ) there ever since she was ten .2.The doctor _( save ) many peoples lives since he bec

42、ame a doctor .3.Mary_(lose) her new pen , and now she looks very sad .4.Mr Gao _(teach ) us Chinese for more than six years .5.-Where is your brother ?-He _( go ) to Nanning with my parents .6.She_( not have ) my lunch yet .7.My sister _(join) the band in 2001 , and she _(be) a singer for nearly ten years .8.My father _(read) this novel twice .9.We _( wait )for her since six oclock th