硕士英语综合教程2_课后答案.doc

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1、硕士英语综合教程2 课后习题答案Unit 1 Human-based Strategy1. Reading Comprehensiona. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.(1) B(2) C(3) A(4) A(5) Bb. Fill in the blanks with the information youve learned in the text.(1) they value cultural diversity; they are family fr

2、iendly; they invest in employee training; they empower their employees(2) their employees; Howard Schultz(3) cultural and technical aspects; coffee knowledge, product expertise, customer service and interpersonal skills(4) full health and dental coverage, vacation, and participation in the companywi

3、de stock plan called Bean Stock(5) selfmanaged work teams; crossfunctional teams2. Vocabularya. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.(1) astute(2) ignite(3) enthusiasm(4) turnover(5) transaction(6) interact with(7) come into contact with(8) em

4、power(9) superior(10) drop outb. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.(1) B(2) D(3) A(4) C(5) B(6) A(7) D(8) B(9)C(10) A3. ClozeChoose an appropriate word from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each word can be used only ONCE. Change th

5、e form where necessary.(1) motivated(2) selecting(3) retain(4) relied(5) differentiated(6) recruited(7) adaptability(8) prospective(9) require(10) efficiently(11) comprehensive(12) challenge(13) survived(14) rate(15) tripled(16) generous(17) financial(18) reveal(19) premium(20) morale4. Translationa

6、. Chinese to English1) Translate the following sentences into English.(1) The fascination generated by exploration will inspire our young people to study math, science and engineering, and create a new generation of innovators and pioneers.(2) Upon returning to England, he employed the favorable med

7、ia attention as a launching pad for his foray into politics.(3) Owning to the nature of every growing business, you will need to be on the go constantly, and also be on the go prepared to work shift work, including nights and weekends.(4) In Australia, gasoline prices have retreated, although falls

8、have been limited because of the weakness of the Australian dollar against its American counterpart.(5) The Asian economy has presented a positive trend. Some countries have overcome the impact of the financial crisis and revived development. Asia has once again become the spotlight of global econom

9、ic growth.(6) Chinas accession to the WTO can promote not only the development of Chinese economy, but also that of the world economy and will inject new impetus into the progress of Asian economy and world economy.(7) The growing quantity of information, couple with the development of technologies,

10、 erable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before.(8) The future is something which everyone reaches at the rate of sixty minutes an hour, whatever he does, whoever he is.2) Translate the following paragraph into English.Its

11、actually pretty natural, and almost unavoidable, for managers to form expectations of their workers. Research has found that in an organization, our expectations of others can be tied directly to productivity, profitability, and yesmotivation! If you have high expectations of your employees, you wil

12、l possess a powerful and effective tool for improving performance and motivation within your organization.Performance is often a matter of expectations. Managers and supervisors form expectations of others, which then influence how they interact with those people. If you dont expect much from your e

13、mployees, they will sense that and perform poorly. Why? Because your expectations of them affect their desire to do well. The point is that people naturally try to live up to our expectations of them, or live down to them, whatever the case may be. So expect the best from your employees and dont be

14、surprised if thats exactly what you get!b. English to Chinese1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.哪些做法才能区分以人为本的公司呢？我们至少可以列出四条：第一，它们重视文化的多样性。他们根据年龄、性别和种族积极寻求一支多元化的员工队伍。第二，它们具有家庭氛围。公司通过为其员工提供灵活的工作时间以及现场托儿服务设施等帮助员工平衡工作和个人职责之间的关系。第三，它们对员工培训进行投资。这些公司花费巨资以确保员工的技能水平始终保持最新状态。这不仅确保员工可以处理该公司的最新技术

15、和工艺，而且还使这样的员工极具市场竞争力。第四，以人为本的公司将权力下放给员工。它们将权力和义务下放到公司的最底层。2) Read the passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(1) 首先,如果你把他们安排在那些既能够体现他们自身价值同时又对公司发展有利的岗位上,他们将会更加愿意展现出自己最棒的一面。(2) 如果你想激励员工让他们尽最大努力完成自己的工作,如果你想让他们成为公司最有价值的资产,那就让他们有公司的主人的感觉吧。(3) 你作为领导应该知道员工积极性与其工作表现之间有直接的联系。事

16、实上,这种联系取决于你公司的文化以及公司文化灌输给员工的热情。(4) 员工能提出越多关于自己工作的想法,也越有可能接受你的看法。(5) 只有当员工像老板进行投资那样决定投入自己的能力和精力的时候,他们才是真的“认同”,因此请给员工参与制定绩效标准的机会。Text B Designing Cities for PeopleKey to the Exercisesa. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.(1) end up with(2) overwhe

17、lming(3) espouse(4) unprecedented(5) be identical to(6) revive(7) deprived of(8) deemed(9) rely on(10) biasb. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.(1) the ratio of parks to parking lots(2) 150 million people; 2.8 billion people; more than half of us are living in cities(3) w

18、hat could be done for who did not own cars(4) they are the only places where people meet as equals(5) an alternative transportation system; inexpensive and commuterfriendly(6) “biophilia hypothesis”; deprived of contact with nature; a measurable decline in wellbeing(7) budget allocations for transpo

19、rtation; heavily biased toward; highways and streets; shifting resources from roads and highways; urban transit and bicycle support facilities(8) concentrate fiscal resources; the small fraction of their people who own cars(9) functional and affordable; making them attractive, even cultural centers(

20、10) redesign communities; the centerpiece of urban transport; pedestrian and bicycle friendlyc. Decide whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.(1) F(2) T(3) F(4) F(5) T(6) F(7) T(8) F(9) F(10) FUnit 2Higher Education1. Reading comprehensiona. Choose the sentence that best expres

21、ses the meaning of the statement from the text.(1) B(2) A(3) C(4) A(5) B b. Fill in the blanks with the information youve learned in the text.(1) graduate students spend much longer time getting a degree; its hard for them to look for a tenuretrack teaching job at a college or university(2) a presid

22、ent of the Council of Graduate Schools; the system of financing in America(3) that graduate programs have added more strict requirements; that expectations for what a degree holder is supposed to have accomplished have radically increased(4) improve the quality of education; increase the demand for

23、more tenured faculty members over time(5) graduate schools socialize students into believing they cant leave academe or shouldnt2. Vocabularya. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.(1) recipient(2) apprenticeships(3) dissertation(4) tenure(5)

24、adjunct(6) mentor(7) perpetuate(8) unattainable(9) taint(10) shrunkb. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one.(1) B(2) C(3) A(4) C(5) C(6) B(7) D(8) A(9) B(10) A3. ClozeChoose an appropriate word from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each

25、 word can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.(1) limited(2) program(3) in(4) receiving(5) found(6) but(7) between(8) closed(9) While(10) practice(11) grind(12) often(13) among(14) which(15) opportunities(16) enrollment(17) who(18) turn(19) other(20) like 4. Translationa. Chinese to E

26、nglish1) Translate the following sentences into English.(1) Rising oil prices are typically negative for corporate profits since they boost expenses and eat into consumers discretionary income.(2) And it follows from this, Hobbes believes, that the sovereign has the right to decide what opinions, wh

27、at books, what ideas are conducive to peace and which ones aim simply to stir up war and discontent?(3) Researchers in Germany say that a cancerfighting substance found in hops could be enhanced to brew a special anticancer beer.(4) A fabled bird, identified with the kingfisher, was supposed to have

28、 the power to calm the wind and the waves while it nested on the sea during the winter solstice.(5) Bicyclists often ride as though twowheeled vehicles are exempt from all traffic laws. (6)The instructor should not rebuke the girl student for her small mistake in front of all classmates. Given that

29、she is inexperienced, she has done a good job. (7) From a broader perspective, higher attrition rate would affect the development of the industry as a whole. So the necessity is to shorten the apprenticeship. (8) I have to level with you because I dont want any misunderstanding between us, so how ca

30、n you justify spending so much money?2) Translate the following paragraph into English.The errorthe heresyis to think that the entire purpose of education is to get you a better job: that the entire function of an individual life is to make as much money as possible. No one said to me, read Finnegan

31、s Wake and youll make a bloody fortune; thats the whole point of reading the damn thing. Its a terrible shame, and I feel horribly sad for the people who must go through it all, carrying the burden of economic expectation rather then the spirit of exploration and adventure. We were all too busy tryi

32、ng to suss out the meaning of life to be sidetracked by such sideissues as careers, until the time came to meet reality head on. That hasnt stopped a number of old university friends from being conspicuously successful. Therefore, the purpose of education is supposed to make you rich, not wealthy.b.

33、 English to Chinese1) Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.比如,英语文学专业一年级和二年级博士生可能不会面对像他们的医学和法律学院的同伴那样令人头疼的课程负担或者以不正当手段进行的竞争,但是以后有更持久而艰苦的工作等待着他们。博士生不仅被要求掌握一系列广泛的知识,而且要在本研究领域撰写一本几乎像书一样厚的学位论文,依据学科的不同,有的可能最终被搁置一旁,就像埃普索泻盐的商标被贴在药箱的后面一样泰然自若。这些学生必须通过拼凑各种补助金和工钱来获得他们的生活费用,这些工钱是他们帮助教授本科生的课程所赚取的,但也占用了他

34、们的研究时间。三年级的医学专业学生因为在医院的轮流值班而累得两眼模糊,但干这种工作至少是在为取得学位而努力。2) Read the passage carefully and translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(1) 如今, 越来越多的高等教育机构开设的专业课程, 看上去就像通向诱人工作的捷径: 你可以研究体育或是新闻学, 或是电视, 或是流行音乐, 甚至时尚, 上帝啊。(2) 今天的“可持续性教育”则并不仅限于在本地进行,还拓展到了全世界它是一个由各种合作性项目组成的网络,这个网络超越政治界限,让儿童和成年人都参与进来,使人们的需

35、求与环境相协调。(3) 美国教育的崛起在很大程度上指的是公共教育的兴盛而过去30年里,有一种观点始终在美国的政治舞台上唱主角,那就是政府的所有开支都是在浪费纳税人的钱。(4) 最近我对于教育的目的进行了相当多的思考,因为这周五我的母校布里斯托尔大学将授予我“名誉文学博士”学位, 对此, 我的朋友们, 特别是在大学期间就认识我的朋友们感到既惊讶, 又好笑。(5) 即便没有当前这场经济危机的影响,单就美国难以把那些经济拮据的学生留在学校而言, 人们也完全有理由预见,美国在这类排名中会进一步下滑。Text B Britains Universities: Funding Excellencea. F

36、ill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.(1) launch(2) chip in(3) jostling(4) rival(5) inaugurated (6) levy(7) endowed(8) boasts(9) amount to(10) derivedb. Complete the sentences with the information given in the text.(1) at least $2.5 billion (2) fund

37、 raising (3) institutions across the European Union(4) six times more private investment(5) modest; roughly $6,000 per student (6) finding former students; the increase (7) overseas research universities; top 50 universities(8) professions outside academia(9) a company; a corporate board c. Decide w

38、hether the statement is TRUE or FALSE according to the text.(1) F(2) F(3) F(4) T(5) F(6) F(7) F(8) T(9) F(10) F Unit 3Cyberspace Network1. Reading Comprehensiona. Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the statement from the text.(1) A(2) C(3) B(4) C(5) Ab. Fill in the blanks with th

39、e information youve learned in the text.(1) infrastructure, including air traffic, financial markets and even basic email;incompetent, indecisive and confused(2) if the worlds most innovative technology company can not protect its computers from degital aggressions, we can not expect to be protected

40、 by the government(3) they have responsibility to povide some hard evidence to support their claims(4) spamming, scamming and identity fraud, which are the inevitable casts of democratizing access to multipurpose technologies(5) not a question of national security but a question of basic government

41、incompetence2. Vocabularya. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words or phrases you have learned in the text.(1) derail(2) hype(3) spamming(4) nascent(5) simulate (6) parlance(7) weaponry(8) unplug(9) hostage(10) civilians b. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the u

42、nderlined one.(1) D(2) B(3) A(4) C(5) C(6) B(7) A(8) C(9) D(10) A3. ClozeChoose an appropriate word from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each word can be used only ONCE. Change the form where necessary.(1) attack(2) disruption(3) described(4) assaults(5) traced(6) authori

43、zed(7) identified(8) sophistication(9) rogue(10) intrusion(11) demonstrate(12) issue(13) ultimate(14) eventual(15) launch(16) offensive(17) analysis(18) security(19) investigation(20) shined4. Translationa. Chinese to English1) Translate the following sentences into English.(1) Gaining real knowledg

44、e requires taking risks and keeping the mind openbut most people prefer to be reassured rather than to learn the complex and often unsettling truth about anything. (2) The soldiers were so courageous that they sworn to wipe out any enemy that dare to invade into their country.(3) Theyre so lacking i

45、n confidence in the attraction of broadcasting the games on TV that they feel they have to hype up with some hysterical commentator in order to get anyone to watch them.(4) Whats worse, there are those who would unleash malicious network attacks designed to exploit these hidden vulnerabilities to un

46、cover the prized data within. (5) The change of the governments interference strategies on housing ushered in a period of stable house prices.(6) This shows true leadership, sustained vision, and solid commitment. They were applauded for sticking with it for so many years with great subtlety.(7) How

47、 to single out the most succinct way to finish the work still remains a problem.(8) But Defense Secretary Gates said the United States has put a lot on the table in terms of missile defense proposals and it is time for the Russians to reciprocate. 2) Translate the following paragraph into English.Ac

48、cording to some media reports recently, the cyberattacks to Google and many American companies seemed to have originated in China. The Chairman of Chinese Internet Association refutes that it was an irresponsible prejudice to allege on that cyber attacks originated in China without thorough investigation,and was therefore absolutely arbitrary. With the rapid development on internet in the globe, it was difficult