Module 1 Life in the Future 词汇短语讲义--2021-2022学年外研版高中英语必修四.docx

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1、Module 1 Life in the Futureload vt.装;装载n.负荷物Have you finished loading up?你们装完了货没有？It took an hour to load the van.把货物装进货车花了一个小时。I have a fairly light teaching load this term.这学期我的教学负担相当轻。load. with.把装上a load of/loads of 大量;许多1. fire vt. & vi.开火;启动;解雇He ran into the bank and fired his gun into the ai

2、r.他冲进银行，朝天鸣了一枪。The captain ordered his men to start firing.上尉命令士兵开火。They fired him for stealing from the company.他们因他盗窃公司财物而开除了他。fire off 枪;射击fire at/into/on 向开枪2. power vt.供给动力;驱动:快速前进n.权力;势力The plane is powered by three jet engines.这架飞机由三台喷气发动机驱动。The racing car powered down the home straight.赛车在终点

3、直道上疾驰。The power of the governments has increased greatly over the pastcentury.在过去的一个世纪里，政府的权力大大增强了。take power 掌权political power 政权come into power 开始执政;当权power station 发电站make power 发电3. shape vt.造成形状n.外形，形状;状态，情况The bird shaped its nest from mud and sticks.鸟用泥土和小树枝做成鸟巢。You have to shape the clay bef

4、ore it dries out.你必须在黏土干之前把它塑成型。Houses are built in all shapes and sizes.所建房屋的形状和大小各不相同。Our garden is in good shape after all the rain.我们的花园在下过那么多雨之后情况良好。get (yourself) into shape 强身健体out of shape走样的;身体不好的，不健康的in the shape of 呈现形状4. limit n.范围小艮度眼制111 help as much as I can, but there is a limit to w

5、hat I can do. 我会尽力帮助，但我所能做的也是有限的。I cant walk ten miles and I know my limits.我走不了十英里，我知道自己体力的限度。set a limit/limits to 对加以限制without limits 无限制地within limits有一定限制地;在某种程度上6. charge n.费用;价钱;职责渍任vt.要价，收费报告The charge for admission is five dollars.入场费是五美元。(1) be in charge of 负责She has been in charge of the

6、sales department for five years.她负责销售部门已经有五年了。(2) charge. for.向收费/要价How much do you charge for a double room?一间双人房你们收费多少？(3) be charged with 受到指控He was charged with stealing the jewels.他被指控偷窃珠宝首饰。7. run out (某物)用完;不多了;没有了Our food soon ran out.我们的粮食很快就吃完了。Have you nearly finished? Time is running out

7、.你快做完了吗？时间快到了。run after追赶;追踪;追求;追逐run away逃跑;离家比拟：run out run out of 的区别run out/run out of都表示“用完了”的意思。前者是不及物动词短语，主语为 时间、金钱、食物等名词;后者为及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般为人， 也可为物。Our supplies soon ran out.我们的补给很快消耗完了。She has run out of her money during her vacation.她在度假期间已经把钱花光了。8. rely on (upon) 依靠;依赖;信任;信赖They have t

8、o rely on the river for their water.他们用水只好依靠这条河。(1) rely on sb doing sth依靠某人做某事Rely on me doing it.放心，我会做那件事的。(2) rely on sb to do sth指望/相信某人做某事You can rely on me to help you.你可以相信我，我一定帮助你。You canJt just rely on your parents to support you.你不能只指望你父母养活你。比拟：rely on和depend on的区另U两者都有依靠的意思，rely on表示在过去经

9、验的基础上依赖、相信某人或某 物，希望得到支持;depend on表示出于信赖而依靠某人或某物，以取得支持， 但这种信赖可能以过去的经验或了解为依据，也可能没有。These days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。The organization depends on the government for most of its income.这个组织的收入主要依靠政府拨给。9. for a start 首先;第一Im not working there-for a start

10、, its too far to travel.我不去那儿工作首先，路太远，去不了。He should never have been picked for the team; for a start, he has not had enough experience.他根本就不该入选球队。首先，他经验缺乏。at the very start 一开始from the start 从一开始from start to finish 自始至终10. use up用完;耗尽Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables.把剩下的菜全部

11、用来做汤是个好主意。Try not to use up all the flour.尽量别把所有的面粉都用完。11. look out小心;留神;留神此短语用于表示警告，尤其是指有危险的时候。Look out! Theres a car coming!小心！有辆汽车开过来了！You should look out for pickpockets.你应当提防扒手。Do look out for spelling mistakes in your work.一定要注意你作业中的拼写错误。12. carry out执行;实行;完成;实现My question is how to carry out

12、the plan.我的问题是怎么实施这项计划。Our planes carried out a bombing raid on enemy targets.我们的飞机执行了 一项轰炸敌方的任务。carry off轻而易举地完成（任务、职责等）carry on继续做;坚持carry through使渡过难关;使撑到底13. free of charge 免费Your order will be delivered free of charge within a ten-mile limit. 在十英里的范围内，你的订货将免费送上门。Its free of charge. You are lucky to be the 1000th customer of the shopping center.这个是免费的。你很幸运成为我们购物中心的第1000名顾客。14. get stuck围住;陷入之中The car got stuck in the mud.那辆车陷入了泥浆之中。Many people got stuck in the rain because it came all of a sudden.许多人因为大雨突降而被困其中。