人教版小学英语六年级总复习资料.doc

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1、人教版小学英语六年级总复习资料按分类来复习( 一) 语音部分。这部分重点是帮助学生整理、归纳发音规律和读音规则, 过好语音关。英语课程标准二级目标提出: 要知道错误的发音会影响交际; 知道字母名称的读音; 了解简单的拼读规律; 了解单词有重音; 语音清楚、语调自然。在复习语音知识时应强调了解语音知识的意义, 而不是语音规则的掌握; 强调语音知识在交际中的作用, 而不是语音知识本身。从而为学生继续以后的英语学习打下坚实的基础。进行总复习时,可按照以下板块来分类复习。A) 元音: a e i o uAa cake, face, date, snake, grape, make,game, plat

2、e, later, name, lake, etccat, map, hat, sad, happy, black, etcEe evening, we, he, be , she, these, etcbed, help, elbow, desk, ten, leg,eleven, dress, egg, hen, yes, very, etcIi ice, time, bike, ride, white, Friday,library, rice, like, nice, kite, size, etcpink, six, in, pig, fifty, river,windy, sick

3、, sister, sit, milk, fish,slipper, in, thin, big , swim, it, etcOo home, nose, rose, go, those, hole,close, hotel, old, hello, rope, cold, etcnod, not, closet, box, fox, lock,lot, shop, rock, office, orange, on, etcUu sun, sunny, run, fun, jump, lunch,supper, under, truck, duck, donut, us,Sunday, hu

4、ndred, etc computer, Tuesday, excuse, unit,January, avenue, music, use, etcB) 元音字母组合E tea, speak, dream, east, easy, teacher,leaf, leave, read, jeans, meat, cheap, etcbreakfast, bread, sweater, heaven, head, etcee see, need, queen, sheep, teeth,green, sleep, nineteen, street, knee, etcoo toothbrush,

5、 zoo, cool, food, noodles,Kangaroo, school, afternoon, cookie, etcclassroom, book, foot, look, good,bedroom, cookies, wood, etcou blouse, house, mouth, mouse, south,cloudy, about, etcar department, arm, car, park, March,apartment, far, marker, hard, party, etcor morning, north, for, corner, short,sh

6、orts, story, horse, forty, etchomework, work, doctor, world, word, etcir shirt, bird, skirt, thirsty, thirty,third, circle, first, girl, etcur Thursday, purple, curly, hurt, nurse,hamburger, Saturday, etcer sweater, sister, teacher, letter, supper,computer, burger, under, corner, tiger, etcear ear,

7、year, near, hear, dear, etcay X- ray, day, May, play, may,always, today, gray, okay, way, etcow tomorrow, know, below, slow, elbow,yellow, show, snow, bowl, etccow, now, brown, flower, down, etcoa coat, boat, goat, road, etcC) 辅音字母组合sh cashier, she, sheep, shoes, fish, etcch chicken, teacher, chalk,

8、 chair, chant,children, much, China, etctr waitress, tree, street, truck, traffic,strawberry , trick, etcdr drink, dress, drive, dream, draw, etcth theatre, thirsty, three, think, third,Thursday, teeth, etcmother, father, this, that, they,brother, these, their, etcwh where, what, white, when, why, e

9、tc( 二) 词汇部分。包括: 名词、动词、形容词以及常见词组、短语等。各词类在复习时可按主题再进一步的划分, 如小学阶段要求掌握的名词可分为学习用品、职业、颜色、身体部位、家庭成员、蔬菜、水果、服装、食品、场所、交通工具、动物、植物、家具、形状、季节、节日、国家等; 动词可分为运动、休闲娱乐、学习、家务、感官动词等; 形容词可分为描写外貌、性格、情感、天气、表示“好”的形容词等类别。这样分类的目的是帮助学生整理知识, 并丰富他们的积极词汇量, 如学生在描述人物性格时, 可以有多个不同的形容词涌入头脑, 供其选择。这样说( 写) 出来的词汇和内容都会比较丰富。这种分类也是对学生学习策略的一个提

10、示。策略研究的结果表明分类记忆的词汇效果较好, 并易于提取。除此之外,我们还可以教给学生采用记忆同义词、反义词、联想记忆等方法来整理、记忆词汇。教材中出现的比较重要的词组和短语, 我们也可以一起来整理记忆。如:表示地点:in /on /under the desk /table? in a river /tree?in the classroom/gym/library? in the topin front of /behind the tree? in the sinkin the bedroom/living room? on the ice / snowon the blackboar

11、d on a map on the right /left?表示时间:in the morning /afternoon /eveningin winter /spring /summer /fall表示动作:open the window/book /door close the window/book /doorgo to bed go to schoolgo to sleep go for a walkgo straight go up the stairsgo shopping go to the park /zoo /gym?go swimming go /walk /drive t

12、o workeat breakfast /lunch /supper have breakfast /lunch /supperread a book read booksread the newspaper a pair of shorts /gloves?read my /your bookplay basketball /sports /cards? play on the computerwork on the computer speak English /Chineseteach English learn Englishtake a picture take offtake th

13、e bus by bus /bicycle?write a story write a letterwatch TV watch a moviefly a kite fly kites go on a tripgo on trips have a good triphelp my /your mother wash my /your hands /facebrush my /your teeth get updomy homework put ondrawa picture walk homestand up wake uplisten to the radio /teacher turn r

14、ight /leftwork hard drive a carride a bicycle stay homelook at live in arrive in?leave for ? etc( 三) 语法部分。1.词类与用法。A.名词。( 1) 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式, 要求掌握单数变复数的一般规则。何时加- s, 何时加- es .( 2) 掌握课本中出现的不规则名词的复数形式。如men,women , children , people, etc( 3) 了解不可数名词没有复数形式。如: paper, chalk,ice, cream, cake, juice, soup, ice

15、, meat, fish, fruit, milk,chicken, etc此外, 还有一些名词本身就是以复数形式出现的。如:shorts , jeans, socks, clothes, etcB.代词。( 1) 掌握人称代词he, she, I, you, we, they 的用法.( 2) 掌握形容词性物主代词my, your, his, her, our 的用法。了解名词性物主代词mine, yours 的用法。( 3) 掌握指示代词this , that, these, those 的用法, 特别是它们构成的句型。( 4) 掌握疑问代词( 包括部分疑问副词) what, how, h

16、ow many , how much, how old, how tall, how often, who, what time,when , where, 等构成的特殊疑问句并能做出简单回答。C.冠词。掌握a 和an 的不同用法。D.数词。( 1) 掌握数词1100 以及整百、整千的写法用法。( 2) 了解序数词第1- 第12。E.介词。掌握介词in, on, under, above, below, beside, inside, outside, in front of, behind 等的用法。F.动词。( 1) 掌握be 动词am, is, are (was were) 在使用时的人

17、称变化, be 动词构成的肯定句、否定句、疑问句以及对疑问句的回答等形式。( 2) 掌握行为动词在不同时态里的不同形式, 包括一般现在时里的动词原形和动词的第三人称单数形式; 现在进行时里的动词+ing 形式和一般过去时里的动词过去式包括规则动词加- ed 和不规则动词如ate, saw, went, bought,taught, thought, etc.( 3) 掌握助动词do, does, did 等构成的否定句、疑问句以及对问句的简单回答形式。( 4) 掌握情态动词can, may 构成的各种句型及问句的答语。( 5) 掌握would 构成的问句及答语。G.形容词、副词。了解形容词可放

18、到be 动词后或名词前如: I am happy. My mother is young. This is a red bag. He has white hair. 了解形容词比较级的用法。如: I am older/ younger than ? I am taller/ shorter than?了解表示频率的副词always, usually, sometimes, never的用法。2.句子:A. 句子的类型: 重点掌握陈述句( 包括肯定句和否定句) 、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句及其回答。B.句子的时态: 要求掌握一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时和一般将来时, 重点是一般现在时和现在进

19、行时。在复习这部分内容时一定要注意主要是通过教材中选出的不同例句来对各种词的用法进行对比、归类和总结。这部分的学习记忆不是重点, 重点是知道在什么语境中运用。教师在复习时用的例子要有代表性和全面性。如介词for 在教材中就有表示目的、时间延续、用途等的意义, 因此教师要给出相应的例子。要注意引导学生对容易弄错的内容进行对比, 并给予巩固性练习。回忆在学过的课文里什么地方用过, 表达的是怎样的意思, 并能自己举出使用这些词和语法现象的例子, 是复习掌握这部分内容的有效策略。第二部分话题、功能和任务这个部分可在第一部分的复习完成后进行, 也可与第一部分的内容结合进行。教师要将18 册书中的各单元间

20、的关系进行分析, 将那些相关的内容放在一起, 作为一大主题进行复习, 建立起纵向的联系, 而不是把他们当作孤立的板块逐一处理。每大主题的复习应包括相关词汇、常用句型、典型对话( 段落) 等几个方面, 包括听、说、读、写的练习。划分出的每个板块应从相关课文单元、涉及主要词汇、重点涉及语法、功能、典型句型等方面进行复习。这个部分在复习时要注意对学生能力的培养。这就意味着教师们不要简单重复教材中的内容, 或简单地对教材内容进行部分词的替换, 而是要将小学阶段学过的同某一个主题相关的内容综合起来, 灵活地加以运用, 使学生们加深对已学内容的理解 冠词 一、定义 冠词是一种虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有

21、词义，它用在名词的前面(相当于名词的帽子)，帮助指明名词的含义。 二、分类 共3类：定冠词（the Definite Article），不定冠词（the Indefinite Article）、零冠词（Zero Article）。 三、用法 1、定冠词的用法 a 、an与数词one 同源，是一个的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前。 (1) 表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时,用不定冠词起介绍作用，表示一个。 I gave him a book yesterday .我昨天给了他一本书 I am reading an interesting story

22、 . 我在读一则有趣的故事。 (2) 表示人或事物的某一种类, 强调整体, 即以其中的一个代表一类。 A horse is useful to mankind. 马对人类有用。 (3) 不定冠词用在事物的单位前,如时间, 速度, 价格等意义的名词之前,表示 每一。 We often go to school two times a day. 我们常常一天两次去学校。 I went to the library once a week at least. (4) 不定冠词用来指某人某物,但不具体说明任何人或任何物。 A boy came to see you a moment ago. 刚才有一

23、个小孩来找你。 (5)在序数词前表示又一;再一时。如: I want to read the story a second time 我想再读一遍这篇小说。 (6) 表示不特定的某一个时。如: A Mr. Smith is calling on the phone. 有一位史密斯先生来电话找你 。 7）在特定的短语里表示特定的含义，与不可数名词连用，如： have a good time 过得高兴 (8) 一日三餐前有修饰语时。如: -Mum, what shall we have for lunch? -Jiaozi. -Oh, what a wonderful lunch! I enjoy

24、 it very much. (9) 在形容词最高级前表示非常时。如: Lesson Nine is a most difficult lesson, but it isnt the most difficult One. (10)不定冠词用于某些词组中。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold /

25、 have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden 2.定冠词的用法 定冠词the与指示代词this,that,these,those同源，有那（这）个 这（那）些的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。以下为必须加定冠词的情形: (1)在表示双方都明白的人或物的名词之前： Take the medicine.把药吃了。 (2)在上文提到过的人或事的名称之前： He bought a house.Ive been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。 (3)在指世上独一无二的事物的名词之前： the s

26、un， the sky， the moon， the earth (4)与单数名词连用表示一类事物，如： The fox is cunning .狐狸是狡猾的。 (5)与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人; the living 生者。 (6)用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only， very， same等前面： Where do you live?I live on the second floor.你住在哪？我住在二层。 Thats the very thing that Ineed 那正是我需要的东西。 (7)在表示.世纪.年代的结构之前 He began to l

27、earn Russian in the 1950s. 他在20实际50年代开始学俄语。 但注意:in ones 50s意为在某人五十多岁时。如:He looked quite healthy though he was in his 80s. (8)在比较级的两种句型中: 表示越 .,就越.时。如: The lighter, the better. 越轻越好 。 表示两者中比较.时,用定冠词。如: There are two books on the table. I like the thicker one. (9)用在动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位名称的结构中(注意:介词常用in/o

28、n/by)。如: The ball hit me on the back. 球打中了他的头 。 (10) 在表示计量单位的可数名词前(注意:介词用by)。如: The workers are paid by the hour/day/month. 按月付给工人工资 . (11)用在某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前：the Great Wall(长城)，the Peoples Park(人民公园)等。 the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国 (12)用在表示乐器的名词之前： She plays the piano.她会弹

29、钢琴. The little girl likes to play the violin. 小女孩喜欢拉小提琴。 13）定冠词用在文艺活动,运动场所的名称前。 They are going to the cinema tonight. 他们今晚要去影院看电影。 (14)用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人： the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇) (15)在方位名词之前，如：in the west on the west (16)在某些短语中in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening),the day after tomorrow,the

30、 day before yesterday,the next morning,in the sky (water，field，country)in the dark,in the rain,in the distance,in the middle (of),in the end, on the whole,by the way,go to the theatre总 复 习 1.人称代词 主格： I we you she he it they 宾格： me us you her him it them 形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their 名词性物主代词

31、： mine ours yours hers his its theirs 2.形容词和副词的比较级 (1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er older taller longer stronger, etc (2) 多音节词前+more more interesting, etc. (3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er bigger fatter, etc. (4) 把y变i，再+er heavier, earlier (5) 不规则变化： well-better, much/many-more, etc. 3.可数词的复数形式 Most nouns + s a book books Nouns

32、ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a storystories Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glassglasses a watch-watches Nouns ending in o +s or +es a pianopianos a mangomangoes Nouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife knives a shelf-shelves 4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变) bread, rice, water ,juice etc. 5. 缩略形式 I

33、m = I am youre = you are shes = she is hes = he is its = it is whos =who is cant =can not isnt=is not etc 6. a/an a book, a peach an egg an hour 7. Preposition: on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. 表示时间： at six oclock, at Christmas, at breakfast on Monday on 15th July On

34、National Day in the evening in December in winter 8. 基数词和序数词 one first two-second twenty-twentieth 9. Some /any I have some toys in my bedroom. Do you have any brothers or sisters? 10. be 动词 (1) Basic form: am/are/is (2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London. My eyes are(not) small. My hair is(not) long. （3）

35、一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. 11. there be 结构 肯定句： There is a There are 一般疑问句:Is there ? Yes, there is./ No, there isnt. Are there? Yes, there are. /No, there arent. 否定句： There isnt . The

36、re arent. 12. 祈使句 Sit down please. Dont sit down, please.13. 现在进行时.通常用“now”. 形式： be + verb +ing eg: I am(not) doing my homework. You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It is(not) eating. 动词 ing 的形式 Most verbs +ing walkwalking Verbs ending in e -e + ing comecoming Short verbs ending in a vowel + a cons

37、onant run running swimswimming 14 一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。 形式： 肯定句： I go to school on foot every day. She goes to school on foot every day. 一般疑问句: Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I dont. Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 否定句： We dont go to school on Sunday

38、s. My mother doesnt like watching TV in the evening. 15. (情态)动词can,must, should 后面直接用动词原形。 eg: 1. I / He / She / They can sing. 2You should keep quiet in the library. 16. 一般过去时态 （a） be 动词的过去式: I/He/she/it was(not). You/we/they were. 一般疑问句was, were 放在句首。 （b）动词过去式： 肯定句： I watched cartoons. She visited

39、 the zoo. 一般疑问句： Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didnt. Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, shedidnt. 否定句： They didnt go the the part yesterday. He didnt make model ships last week. (3)动词过去式的变化： 规则动词的变化： Most verbs +ed eg. planted,watered,climbed。 Verbs ending in e +d

40、eg liked。 Verbs ending in a consonant +y -y +ied eg : studystudied Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant eg: stop -stopped 不规则动词的变化： is/amwas,arewere,dodid,have/hashad,makemade,fly-flew/u: eatate,taketook,runran,singsang,drinkdrank 等等 17. “Wh-” questions. What are you doing? What colour is it? What time is it? Whats the time?Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one? Whos the man with a big nose? Whose bag is it? When is your birthday? Where