特殊句式用法归纳点拨高三英语一轮复习素材.docx
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1、高三英语一轮复习素材:特殊句式点拨很多同学因为没有掌握特殊句式的结构和用法造成失分。下面对强调句、倒装句和省略句以及there be句型作一归纳点拨。强调句例1 It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.解析 that。句意:直到他读完这些文件之后,Gross先生才意识到他面前的任务是很难完成的。去掉It was及空白处后,此句可还原为:Mr. Gross realized the task befor
2、e him was extremely difficult to complete only after he had read the papers. 结构及句意完整,由此可知,本句是强调句,因此,空白处填that。点拨 强调句的判断依据:把it is/was和that去掉,如果剩下的部分仍能构成一个结构和意义都完整的句子,这就是强调句,否则不是。例2 It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.解析 that。此句为强调句,强调伊丽莎白和史密斯先生相遇的地方是新西兰。强调句的结构为:it is/was+被强调部分+that/w
3、ho从句。点拨 强调部分是时间状语或地点状语时,从句不用when或where,而要用that引导。例3 Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized.解析 that。考查强调句的基本形式:it was not until . that .。点拨 当强调until引导的时间状语从句时,要把not连同until引导的成分置于be动词之后。这种句型的基本结构是:it is/was+not until+时间短语/时间状语从句+句子的其他成分。例
4、4 It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.解析 what。句意:尽管大约有两千名病人已经服用了这种药物,但是它会产生什么样的副作用现在还不能确定。根据句意可知应该用what引导主语从句,what在这里实际上是作为形容词来修饰后面的side effect(副作用)。此句形式上易与强调句混淆。点拨 有的同学容易把“it is/was+时间+when/since从句”和“it is/was+名词+that引导的主语从
5、句”以及“it is+地点+where引导的定语从句”当成强调句。我们可以通过以下例句来区分:It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday. (强调句)It was midnight when I got back home yesterday. (when引导时间状语从句)It is two years since I began to learn to English. (since引导时间状语从句)It was a great honor that I was invited here today. (that引导的是主语从句)倒装句
6、在特殊句式中,倒装句是重中之重,基本上每年必考。近几年部分倒装的考点有否定词在句首和“only+状语”在句首。全部倒装的考点主要有地点或状语从句位于句首,as或though引导让步状语从句(表语前置)。解题时,首先要判断是部分倒装还是全倒装,一定要根据句子的时态选准助动词。例5 Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _ the patients be treated properly in this hospital.解析 can。考查倒装句。“only+状语”位于句首时,主句采用部分倒装结构,根据句意,空白处填can。点
7、拨 only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句且放于句首时,句子要使用部分倒装。例6 Not until he went through real hardship _ he realize the love we have for our families is important.解析 did。句意:直到经历了真正的困苦之后,他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。not until在句首时,句子使用部分倒装,故空白处填did。点拨 not until,否定副词never,seldom,little,nor,neither,not a bit,not a word,以及no构成的固定短语如by no
8、means,in no way,at no time,in no case等位于句首时,句子部分倒装。例7 Try _ she might,Sue couldn't get the door open.解析 as/though。句意:尽管她尽力了,但她还是无法把门打开。as/though引导让步状语从句时,从句的表语或状语或动词要前置。故空白处要填as或though。例8 At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _ Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities i
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