理论语言学优秀PPT.ppt

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1、理论语言学你现在浏览的是第一页，共19页Language and CultureBy:Chao lumen 你现在浏览的是第二页，共19页1.What is culture?2.The relationship between language and culture3.Linguistic evidence of cultural differencesLanguage and Culture你现在浏览的是第三页，共19页1.What is culture?cultureTotal way of life of a people belief customs institutions tec

2、hniques language你现在浏览的是第四页，共19页What is culture?cultureLocal or specific practice,beliefs or customs folk culture food culture wine culture dress culture enterprise culture你现在浏览的是第五页，共19页culture material spiritual concrete substantial observable abstracthidden ambiguous你现在浏览的是第六页，共19页 2.The relations

3、hip between language and culturenLanguage expresses cultural reality and is an important way to transmit culture.nThrough language children learn about their cultural identity.nCulture both emancipates and constrains people socially,historically and metaphorically.nLanguage helps perpetuate the cult

4、ure,and the changes in language uses reflect the cultural changes in return.你现在浏览的是第七页，共19页Generally,the relation of L to C is that of part to whole,for L is part of C.The knowledge and beliefs that constitute a peoples culture are habitually encoded and transmitted in L.你现在浏览的是第八页，共19页3.Linguistic

5、evidence of cultural differences1.Greetings and terms of address2.Thanks and compliments3.Privacy and taboos4.Attitudes towards numbers你现在浏览的是第九页，共19页1.Greetings and terms of addressnEnglish greetingsnHow do you do?nHow are you?nHi!/Hello!nHow are you getting on?nChinese greetingsnNihao!nHave you ea

6、ten?nWhere are you heading?你现在浏览的是第十页，共19页nEnglish terms of addressnMrnMrsnMissnMsnChinese terms of addressntongzhinshifunFuwuyuannUncle ZhangnChairman MaonDirector Wang你现在浏览的是第十一页，共19页Response to thanksnEnglishmen like to acknowledge and accept thanksnIm glad to hear it.nIm glad to be of help.nChin

7、ese people tend to decline expressions of gratitudenNo,no.nNot at all.nIts nothing2.Thanks and compliments你现在浏览的是第十二页，共19页 You speak excellent English.nEnglish speaking people nThank you.nChinesenNo.Response to compliments你现在浏览的是第十三页，共19页Privacyn agen family backgroundn salaryn taboon some organs of

8、 human bodynracism3.Privacy and taboos你现在浏览的是第十四页，共19页4.Attitudes towards numbersLucky numbers:Chinese people:3,6,8,10 3(san):生生(birth)3 important stages in human life 三：三：sky human being earthEnglish people:3,7,8,9 3:world(the earth,the ocean,the sky)你现在浏览的是第十五页，共19页Taboo numbersIn Chinese:4,5,7 4:

9、death 5:(勿勿)not possible not prosperous 7:(弃弃)abandonment anger death In English:13，6，Friday你现在浏览的是第十六页，共19页*Anthropological study of linguistic:Study of language in a sociocultural context.*Bronislaw Malinowski(1884-1942):1.The meaning of a word greatly depends upon its occurrence in a given contex

10、t.2.Language functions as a link in human activity,a mode of action.你现在浏览的是第十七页，共19页J.R.Firth(1890-1960):theory of the context of situation 1.The relevant features of the participants,persons,personalities.2.The relevant objects 3.The effects of the verbal action.“Who speaks what to whom and when and to what end”.你现在浏览的是第十八页，共19页The end!你现在浏览的是第十九页，共19页