丁字湾物质输运及水交换能力研究资料讲解.doc

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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。丁字湾物质输运及水交换能力研究-丁字湾物质输运及水交换能力研究孙英兰张越美(中国海洋大学环境科学与工程研究院，青岛266003)摘要通过建立丁字湾三维潮流模式、污染物输运模式计算了该湾COD浓度分布，定量分析了丁字湾的水交换能力，较为精确地计算出丁字湾内水交换率和水交换半更换期的空间分布。计算结果表明，当湾中部水交换50%时，湾口水交换达80%，湾底仅为20%40%；丁字湾湾口的半更换期为15d，湾中部为1820d，湾顶为2432d。关键词丁字湾；数值模型；水交换；半更换期中图法分类号P731.2文章编

2、号1001-1862(2003)01-001-06ANumericalModelofPollutantTransportandSeawaterExhangeinDingziBaySunYinglanZhangYuemei(InstituteofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003,China)AbstractTheseawaterexchangecapacityofDingziBayisquantitativelyanalysisedbyusinganumericalmodelinclud

3、ingathree-dimensionaltidalmodelandapollutanttransportmodel.Bynumericalcomputation,thismodelgivesthedistributionofseawaterexchangerateandsemi-exchangeperiodinDingziBaywithhigherprecision.Theresultsshowthattheexchangerateisabout20%40%intheheadofthebay,80%inthemouthand50%inthemiddle.Thesemi-exchangeper

4、iodis2432dinthehead,1820dinthemiddle,whileitis15dinthemoutharea.KeywordsDingziBay;numericalmodel;seawaterexchange;semi-exchangeperiod渤海多年月平均温盐场的季节变化特征及形成机制的初步分析刘哲1魏皓1蒋松年2(1中国海洋大学，青岛266003；2国家海洋信息中心，天津300029)摘要根据19701996年渤海观测资料的各月平均值，绘制大面、38.5N断面分布图与典型海域的季节变化图，进而概述渤海的温盐场特征，并探讨其成因，更好地为研究渤海环境变异提供高分辨率的平

5、均场。研究表明，渤海温盐度对气候因子、径流量变化等因素响应很快，大约滞后1个月左右，具有明显的季节特征。外强迫、岸形和地形所共同诱导的海水平均环流，是形成其水平分布和季节变化的决定因素之一。关键词渤海；温盐场；水平分布；垂向分布；季节变化中图法分类号P731.2文章编号1001-1862(2003)01-007-08CharacteristicsofSeasonalVariationofMonthlyMeanTemperatureandSalinityFieldsintheBohaiSeaandAnalysisoftheRelatedDynamicsLiuZhe1WeiHao1JiangSon

6、gnian2(1OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003,China)(2NationalMarineData&InformationService,Tianjin300029,China)AbstractBasedonthesurveydatafrom1970to1996intheBohaiSea,thedistributionsofhydrographicfactorsareplottedforthewholeareaandforthesectionof38.5N;alsoplottedaretheirseasonalvariationsinthetypic

7、alareas.Thecharacteristicsofthetemperatureandsalinityfieldsaresummarizedandthecausesareanalyzed,soastoprovidehighresolutionmeanfields.ThestudyshowsthatwatertemperatureandsalinityintheBohaiSearesponserapidlywithobviousseasonalcharacteristicstothevariationofcertainfactorssuchasclimatefactorsandriverfl

8、owetc.,withalagtimeofaboutonemonth.Theresidualcurrentinducedbyexternalforces,topographyandtheshapeofseashoreiscriticaltothehorizontaldistributionandseasonalvariationoftemperatureandsalinity.KeywordstheBohaiSea;temperatureandsalinityfields;horizontaldistribution;verticaldistribution;seasonalvariation

9、东海黑潮混沌特征的数值分析山峰林霄沛吴德星(中国海洋大学物理海洋研究所，物理海洋实验室，青岛266003)摘要以英国OCCAM(TheOceanCirculationandClimateAdvancedModelingProject)全球环流模式的1994年计算结果作为初始场和边界条件，用POM模式，对东中国海黑潮季节变化进行了数值模拟，特别注意了海水运动的混沌特点和质点移动轨迹。研究结果表明：东海黑潮区地形引起的黑潮流剪切是导致混沌的主要原因；东海黑潮区混沌运动有明显的季节变化；黑潮主轴区基本是输运的屏障区。关键词东海黑潮；混沌；季节变化；质点追踪；Lyapunov指数中图法分类号P731.

10、2文章编号1001-1862(2003)01-015-07NumericalAnalysisofKuroshioChaosShanFengLinXiaopeiWuDexing(LaboratoryofPhysicalOceanography,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003,China)AbstractBasedonthecalculateddatafromtheOceanCirculationandClimateAdvancedModelingProjectandusingthePOMmodel,theseasonalvariationoftheKur

11、oshiointheEastChinaSeawasstudied.ThePOMmodelwasforcedwithwaterfluxandwindstress.Specialattentionwaspaidtothechaosandparticletracesinthisarea.TheresultsshowthatdisturbancearisingfromtheshearstresswithintheKuroshioareaisthemainreasonfortheoccurrenceofchaosandthereexistsanobviousseasonalvariationofchao

12、sintheregionoftheKuroshio.TheresultsalsoshowthattheKuroshioplaystheroleofabarrierinthemasstransportfromonesidetotheother.KeywordsKuroshio;chaos;seasonalvariation;particlestrace;Lyapunovindex中日花鲈生化遗传变异的初步研究StudyonGeneticVariationinChineseAndJapaneseSeaBassLouDong1GaoTianxiang1ZhangXiumei1LiuGuangdong

13、1LiuJinxian1YuanChunting2(1CollegeofFisheries,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003,China)(2OceanandFisheryBureauofDongying，Dongying257000,China)AbstractHorizontalstarchgelelectrophoresiswasusedtoanalyzethegeneticrelationbetweentheChineseandJapaneseseabass.Sixteenputativeenzyme-codinglociwereexamined

14、from146individualsofChineseseabassand40individualsofJapaneseseabass.TheproportionsofpolymorphiclociofChineseandJapaneseseabasswere0.3750and0.4375respectively.TheobservedheterozygositiesofChineseseabassandJapaneseseabasswere0.0283and0.0324respectively.TheexpectedheterozygosityofChineseseabassandJapan

15、eseseabasswere0.0472and0.0783respectively.IsozymeanalysisofgeneticcharactersindicatedanearlycompletereplacementofallelesatlociLDH*,GPI1*,andGPI2*betweenChineseandJapaneseseabass.TheNeisgeneticdistancebetweenChineseandJapanesewas0.1918,whichwasmuchlongerthanthedistanceamongChineseseabasspopulations.K

16、eywordsChineseseabass;Japaneseseabass;isozyme;geneticvariation不同磷浓度及脉冲方式下孔石莼与亚心形扁藻间竞争的实验研究南春容董双林金秋(中国海洋大学教育部水产养殖重点实验室，青岛266003)摘要用1次性培养法结合Monod模型测定了大型海藻孔石莼和海洋微藻，亚心形扁藻磷限制下的生长动力参数，并在相同实验条件下观察2种藻类对不同磷浓度及脉冲方式的反应及竞争特征。结果显示：亚心形扁藻的种群密度随着磷脉冲的增大而增加；孔石莼在不同磷脉冲供给的培养系统中，保持基本稳定的生物量。在低磷浓度（0.16mol/L/d）下，孔石莼成为优势种群;在

17、磷浓度较高的情况下（0.8mol/L/d以上），亚心形扁藻成为优势种群。亚心形扁藻为r-选择者，孔石莼为K-选择者。关键词孔石莼;亚心形扁藻;生长动力参数；磷竞争；r-选择；K-选择中图法分类号Q178.53文章编号1001-1862(2003)01-029-07CompetitionBetweenPlatymonassubcordiformisandUlvapertusaUnderVariousPhosphorusConcentrationsandPulsesNanChunrongDongShuanglinJinQiu(AquacultureResearchLaboratory，OceanU

18、niversityofChina,Qingdao266003,China)AbstractShort-termbatchcultureswereusedtomeasurethephosphatedependentgrowthkineticsforamarinemicro-alga,Platymonassubcordiformis(Wille)Hazen,andamarinemacro-alga,Ulvapertusa.Mono-cultureandco-culture(competition)experimentswereperformedbetweenthetwospecies.Theres

19、ultsindicatedthatPlatymonassubcordiformiswasr-selectedwhileUlvapertusawas-selected.Platymonassubcordiformisrespondedtoincreasedphosphorouspulsesanddominatedathighphosphorousavailability(above0.8mol/L/d);Ulvapertusaremainedremarkablystablepopulationsinvariouspulsedculturesanddominatedatlowphosphorous

20、availability(0.16mol/L/d).KeywordsUlvapertusa;Platymonassubcordiformis;growthkinetics;competitionforphosphate;r-selection;K-selection3种鲍16SrRNA基因片段序列的初步研究杨建敏1，2郑小东1王如才1宋志乐3孙振兴4(1中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室，青岛266003；2山东省海洋水产研究所，烟台264000；3烟台市芝罘区渔业技术推广站，烟台264000；4烟台师范学院生物系，烟台264000)摘要本文对引自日本的盘鲍(Haliotisdiscusdi

21、scus)、皱纹盘鲍(H.discushannai)和大鲍(H.gigantiea)3个自然群体的线粒体DNA16SrRNA基因片段进行了扩增和测序，分析了528bp的碱基序列，结果显示：3种鲍的基因序列中A+T含量为56.74%57.12%。3个自然群体间碱基片段序列差异不显著，盘鲍与皱纹盘鲍、大鲍彼此均仅有1处核苷酸检测到变异，皆为碱基转换，同源性为99.81%；皱纹盘鲍与大鲍有2处碱基转换，同源性为99.61%。16SrRNA基因在鲍属内表现出很高的保守性。关键词盘鲍；皱纹盘鲍；大鲍；16SrRNA基因；序列中图法分类号S968.31+5；Q812文章编号1001-1862(2003)0

22、1-036-05ComparativeStudyonmtDNA16SrRNAGeneSequenceofThreeSpeciesofAbaloneYangJianmin1，2ZhengXiaodong1WangRucai1SongZhile3SunZhenxing4(1MaricultureResearchLabofEducationalDepartment,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003，China)(2MarineFisheriesResearchInstituteofShandongProvince,Yantai264000，China)(3Fi

23、sheriesTechnologyPopularizingCenterofZhifu,Yantai2640003，China)(4BiologyDepartment,NormalCollegeofYantai,Yantai264000，China)AbstractmtDNA16SrRNAGenefragmentsofHaliotisdiscusdiscusH.discushannaiandH.gigantieawereamplifiedviaPCR,andthePCRproductswerepurifiedandsequenced.About528bpnucleotidesequenceswe

24、reretrievedforeachofthethreespecies.ThecontentofA+Twasatahighlevelof56.74%57.12%.Thethreecorrespondingfragmentsequenceswerealignedandcomparedwitheachother.Therewaslittledifferenceexistingamongthethreewildspecies.ThemutualhomologybetweenHaliotisdiscusdiscusvsH.discushannai,H.discusdiscusvsH.gigantiea

25、andH.gigantieavsH.discushannaiwas99.81%,99.81%and99.61%respectively.TheresultshowsthatthemtDNA16SrRNAgenefragmentsequencesofabaloneishighlyconserved.KeywordsHaliotisdiscusdiscus;Haliotisdiscushannai;Haliotisgigantiea;mitochondrial16SrRNAgene;sequencing研究报告栉孔扇贝(Chlamysfarreri)血细胞类型及抗菌力的研究邢婧战文斌周丽（中国海洋

26、大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室，青岛266003）摘要用2种方法将栉孔扇贝血细胞分为2大类：透明细胞、颗粒细胞。吉姆萨染色观察，透明细胞的细胞质中颗粒很少，细胞核圆形，居中，细胞质较少，核质比大；颗粒细胞比透明细胞大且多，染色深，但核质比小，在细胞质中有颗粒，有些颗粒细胞具双核。密度梯度离心结果，透明细胞主要位于上层，颗粒细胞则大部分位于下层。吞噬力、抗菌活力、溶菌活力及活性氧检测结果表明，颗粒细胞均强于透明细胞。关键词扇贝；血细胞；透明细胞；颗粒细胞；抗菌力中图法分类号P714+.5文章编号1001-1862(2003)01-041-06DeterminationofHemocyteTypes

27、andAntibacterialActivitiesforScallop(Chlamysfarreri)XingJingZhanWenbinZhouLi（TheKeyLaboratoryofMariculture,MinistryofEducation,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003,China）AbstractInthispaper,thehemocytesofthescallop(Chlamysfarreri)areclassifiedintotwotypes,hyalinocytesandgranulocytes,bytwomethods.Acc

28、ordingtolightmicroscopicobservationwiththeGiemsastain,hemocyteswerestainedpurple.Hyalinocyteswereagranularandshowedcentralnucleisurroundedbyrelativelysmallcytoplasm,andtheirnucleus/cytoplasm（N/C）ratiowashigh(0.640.14);granulocytesweremorethanthehyalinocytesandhadseveralgranulesintheendoplasm;further

29、more,thesizeofthegranulocyteswaslargerandtheendoplasmofthegranulocyteswasdenserthanthatofthehyalinocytes,theirN/Cratiowaslow(0.350.10),andsomeofthegranulocyteshaddoublenuclei.Thetwotypesofhemocytescanbeseparatedbydensitygradientcentrifugation,withthehyalinocytesandgranulocytesmainlyaboveandbelowthei

30、nterface,respectively.Determinationofantibacterialactivitiesshowedthatthephagocytosis,bacteriolysisandoxygenintermediatesproductionofthegranulocyteswereallhigherthanthoseofthehyalinocytes.KeywordsChlamysfarreri;hemocyte;hyalinocytes;granulocytes;antibacterialactivities条斑紫菜丝状孢子体cDNA文库构建及抗病相关基因鉴定杨官品1刘

31、永健1孙雪1沈怀舜2许璞2张学成1(1中国海洋大学海洋生命学院，青岛266003；2江苏省海洋水产研究所，南通226007)摘要经过微量总RNA抽提、cDNA合成、cDNA扩增和克隆等步骤，构建了微量条斑紫菜丝状孢子体cDNA文库，并进行了小规模表达序列标签分析。从170条标签序列中鉴定出6条抗病相关基因序列。这些序列可用于研制抗病单核苷酸多态性标记，辅助紫菜抗性遗传改良。关键词条斑紫菜；cDNAPCR文库；cDNA文库；表达序列标签；抗病基因中图法分类号Q344+.13文章编号1001-1862(2003)01-047-06ConstructionofthecDNALibraryofFila

32、mentousLaverSporophyteandtheIdentificationofDiseaseResistanceGeneTagsYangGuanpin1LiuYongjian1SunXue1ShenHuaishun2XuPu2ZhangXuecheng1(1CollegeofMarineLifeSciences,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003,China)(2TheInstituteofJiangsuMarineAquaculture,Nantong226007,China)AbstractThecDNAlibrarywasconstruct

33、edfromasmallamountoffilamentoussporophyteofPorphyrayezoensisbythePCRamplificationofcDNA.TheprotocolincludesstepssuchastheextractionoftotalRNA,cDNAsynthesis,cDNAamplificationandcloning.TheconstructedcDNAlibraryhasbeenusedforexpressedsequencetaganalysis,andsixdiseaseresistancegenetagswereidentified.Th

34、esetagsholdthepotentialforbeingdevelopedintosinglenucleotidepolymorphismmarkers,whichwillenhancethegeneticimprovementoflaverresistanceperformance.KeywordsPorphyrayezoensis;cDNAPCRlibrary;cDNAlibrary;expressedsequencetag;diseaseresistancegene大型海藻对富营养化海水养殖区生物修复的研究与展望杨宇峰1费修绠2(1中国海洋大学海洋生命学院，青岛266003;2中国

35、科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071)摘要当前，中国的多数海水养殖区富营养化相当严重。富营养化可引发赤潮和养殖动物病害，给养殖业带来巨大损失。海带、龙须菜、条斑紫菜等大型海藻，生产力很高，在生长过程中可大量吸收C，N，P等生源要素，在水生态系统碳循环和减缓富营养化方面有很重要的作用。此外，海藻产品可食用、作为饲料、工业原料和有机肥料，是具有较高价值的商品。大规模栽培大型海藻是减轻养殖区富营养化的有效途径之一。关键词海藻栽培；海水养殖；富营养化；生物修复中图法分类号Q178.53文章编号1001-1862(2003)01-053-05ProspectsforBioremediationofCult

36、ivationofLarge-SizedSeaweedinEutrophicMaricultureAreasYangYufeng1FeiXiugeng2(1CollegeofMarineLifeSciences,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003,China）（2InstituteofOceanology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Qingdao266071,China）AbstractEutrophicationisbecomingaseriousprobleminmostofthemaricultureareasinChina.

37、Itcaninducetheredtideandanimaldisease,andresultinheavylossestointensiveaquacultureindustry.SomecultivatedseaweedssuchasLaminariajaponica,GracilarialemaneaformisandPorphyrayezoensisareofveryhighproductivityandmayabsorblargequantitiesofC,N,P.Seaweedsplayaveryimportantroleinthecarboncycleofaquaticecosy

38、stemsandindecreasingeutrophication.Theycouldbewidelyusedasfood,fodderandrawmaterialsforchemicalproductsandorganicfertilizers.Large-scalecultivationofseaweedscouldbeagoodsolutiontotheproblemofeutrophicationduetotheircapabilityofremovingnutrients.Keywordsseaweedcultivation;mariculture;eutrophication;b

39、ioremediation研究报告大型多元统计软件PRIMER的方法原理及其在底栖群落生态学中的应用周红张志南(中国海洋大学海洋生命学院，青岛266003)摘要本文阐述大型多元统计分析软件PRIMER的原理及其在底栖生态学中的应用。PRIMER是处理生态和环境多元数据的重要数值分析工具，本文从实用的角度对其中包括的技术方法和相应的子程序如：等级聚类(CLUSTER)、非度量多维标度(MDS)、主分量分析(PCA)、相似性分析检验(ANOSIM)、相似性百分比分析(SIMPER)、生物-环境连接的逐步分析和相关检验(BIOENV/BVSTEP)等作了较为系统的介绍。关键词多元统计分析；底栖生态学

40、；PRIMER中图法分类号Q-332文章编号1001-1862(2003)01-058-07RationaleoftheMultivariateStatisticalSoftwarePRIMERandItsApplicationinBenthicCommunityEcologyZhouHongZhangZhinan(CollegeofMarineLifeSciences,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003,China)AbstractThispaperpresentedtherationaleandapplicationofthemultivariates

41、tatisticalsoftwarePRIMERinbenthicecologicalstudy.PRIMERisapowerfultoolforthenumericalanalysisofcomplexecologicalandenvironmentaldata.Multivariatestatisticaltechniquesandtheircorrespondingsubroutinesinvolvedinthesoftware,suchasCLUSTER,non-metricMulti-DimensionalScaling(MDS),PrincipalComponentsAnalysi

42、s(PCA),AnalysisofSimilarities(ANOSIM),SimilarityPercentages(SIMPER),Biota-EnvironmentStepwiseAnalysis(BIOENV/BVSTEP)andcorrelationtest(RELATE)wereintroducedsystematicallyinthelightofpracticalconsiderations.Keywordsmultivariatestatisticalanalysis;benthicecology;PRIMER虾池养殖环境有机污染物降解细菌的筛选俞勇李会荣李筠纪伟尚徐怀恕(中

43、国海洋大学海洋生命学院达尔文实验室,青岛266003)摘要在实验室条件下通过富集培养共分离出121株菌进行筛选。利用需氧性、BOD2/COD0、胞外酶等指标进行筛选，最后筛选到7株对富营养有机物具有较高降解能力的细菌，它们均能产生酪蛋白酶、明胶酶、脂酶(Tween80)、淀粉酶其中4株细菌还能产生卵磷脂酶。通过测定BOD5及COD来衡量7株细菌利用对虾饵料的能力，5d内对虾饵料培养基的CODMn去除率达到59.6%79.2%。用常规生理生化方法将细菌鉴定到属，其中1株为弧菌属细菌(Vibriospp.)，6株为芽孢杆菌属细菌(Bacillusspp.)。关键词虾池养殖环境；有机污染物降解细菌；

44、筛选；细菌鉴定中图法分类号Q939.92；S947.1+2文章编号1001-1862(2003)01-065-06ScreeningofBacteriatoDegradetheOrganicPollutantsintheEnvironmentofShrimpFarmingYuYongLiHuirongLiYunJiWeishangXuHuaishu(DarwinUnit-UK,CollegeofMarineLifeSciences,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao,266003,China)AbastractOnehundredandtwenty-onestrain

45、sofbacteriawereisolatedfromshrimphatcheryandponds,andaquacultureseaareaweretestedfortheirdegradingabilitiestotheorganicpollutants.Sevenstrainswereselectedbyevaluatingthegrowthindifferentaeroconditions,BODintheliquidmediaandtheirextroenzymesactivities.Allthese7strainswereabletoproducecasinase,gelatin

46、ase,lipase(Tween80),amylaseand4ofthemhadtheabilitytoproducelecithinase.ThesestrainswereabletodegradetheCODMninthefeedforshrimpby59.6%to79.2%in5days.OneofthesestrainswasidentifiedasVibriospp.andtheothers6wereBacillusspp.accordingtotheirphysiologicalandbiochemicalcharacteristics.Keywordsshrimpfarminge

47、nvironment;organicpollutant-degradingbacteria;screening;bacterialidentification多环芳烃对2种海洋微藻的联合毒性效应研究黄健1韩德婷2唐学玺1李永祺1(1中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,青岛266003;2青岛市城阳区环境监测站，青岛266109)摘要本文以青岛大扁藻（Platymonassubcordiformis），球等鞭金藻8701(Isochrysisgalbana8701)为试验材料，采用水生毒理联合效应指数法，比较了3种多环芳烃，蒽（anthracene），并a芘（benzoapyrene）及1，2-苯并蒽（1

48、，2-benzonthracene）单剂和混剂对青岛大扁藻和球等鞭金藻8701的急性毒性和联合毒性。实验结果表明：对青岛大扁藻，胁迫72h，蒽与苯并a芘的联合及苯并a芘与1，2-苯并蒽的联合为协同作用，蒽与1，2-苯并蒽的联合及蒽，苯并a芘与1，2-苯并蒽的联合为拮抗作用。对球等鞭金藻8701胁迫72h，苯并a芘与1，2-苯并蒽的联合为协同作用，其它联合均为拮抗作用。关键词青岛大扁藻；球等鞭金藻8701；蒽；苯并a芘；1，2-苯并蒽；联合毒性中图法分类号X55文章编号1001-1862(2003)01-071-04StudyontheToxicCoeffectofPolycyclicAromaticsHydrocarbonsonTwoKindsofMarineMicroalgaeHuangJian1HanDetingTangXuexi1LiYongqi1(1CollegeofMarineLifeSciences,OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003，China)(2EnviromentalMonitorCenter,ChengyangDistrict,Qingdao