可可英语专八翻译专题教学内容.doc

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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。可可英语专八翻译专题-汉译英徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论。他发现前人研究的地理的记载有许多不很可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名山，反复观察变换的奇景。1.徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。周游：到各处游历;走遍travelacross(arou

2、nd)；tour；visit考察：explore;makeanon-the-spotinvestigation;inspect足迹：footprint;footmark;trace遍及：spreadallover【译文】Duringhislifetime,XuXiakevisitedandexplored16provinces,leavinghisfootprintsinnearlyeverycornerofthecountry.2.他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论。他在考察的过程中:inhisexploration;inhistours；onhistours盲目：blindly;

3、inablindway;withoutthinking迷信：superstition;blindlyworship/believein。这里“迷信”指接受，acceptreadily/withoutthinking【译文】Heneverblindlyacceptedtheconclusionsgiveninbooksinhisexploration.3.他发现前人研究的地理的记载有许多不很可靠的地方。前人：predecessor;forefathers;others前人栽树，后人乘凉：Onemansowsandanotherreaps.记载：record;putdowninwriting;do

4、cument;notes可靠：真实可信true或准确accurate信得过reliable;trustworthy【译文】Hefoundmanyinaccuraciesinthetravelnotesongeographywrittenbyhispredecessors.Hefoundthatmanyofthegeographicalrecordsbyotherpeoplebeforehimwereinaccurate.4.为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了：inorderto,forthesakeof,forthepurposeof,withthea

5、imof,withaviewto细致的：careful,delicate,detailed乘车坐船：“乘坐”应使用一个词bycarriageandboat;takethewagonandtheboat翻山越岭：翻越可使用一个词climb/crossmountainsandridges长途跋涉：longdifficultjourneys【译文】Heseldomtraveledbyhorsecartorboatbutclimbedmountainsandridgesandtooklong,difficultjourneysmostofthetimewiththeaimofconductingare

6、alandcarefulexploration.5.为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；弄清：findout;makeclear真相：realsituation（区别于表面或造假的情况）；theactualstateofaffairs;fact;truth真相大白comeoutinthewash;Thetruthisout;Thefactsareclearnow.弄清真相：getaclearpictureof艰险：hardshipsanddangers；dangerous;treacherous;difficult人迹罕至：untrave

7、rsed；unfrequented；seldomvisited奇山秀景：grotesquemountainsandspectacularsceneries;奇：grotesque,peculiar,strange,unique秀：fantastic,miraculous,magnificent,spectacular【译文】Togetatruepictureofnature,hepicked/chosemountainswithtreacherouspathsandunfrequentedjunglesforexplorations,discoveringmanygrotesquemounta

8、insandbeautifulsceneries.6.他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名山，反复观察变换的奇景。【译文】Hewouldrevisitfamousmountainsatdifferenttimeandindifferentseasonstoobservethechangingmagnificentviewstimeandagain.老帽山TheOldHatMountainTheLaomaoMountain老帽山位于普兰店市北部、全国战斗英雄于庆阳的家乡-同益乡，其主峰海拔848米。该山因峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花异而远近闻名，素有辽南“小黄山”之美誉。老帽山雄伟壮观、景色

9、宜人。山中怪石千姿百态，惟妙惟肖；清泉四季长流，瀑布溅石有声；动植物资源极其丰富；各种花卉竞相开放，各种野果随处可见，野生动物时隐时现；一些珍贵中草药材应有尽有，人称辽南“百草园”。老帽山四季有景，生机无限。“觅英雄足迹，赏帽山风光”，热情好客的同益人民真诚欢迎海内外朋友来老帽山旅游观光。1.老帽山位于普兰店市北部、全国战斗英雄于庆阳的家乡-同益乡，其主峰海拔848米。战斗英雄:combathero主峰:mainpeak;highestpeak;dominantpeak海拔:inelevation;abovesealevel，beelevated?meters【译文1】TheOldHatMou

10、ntainissituatedintheTownofTongyiinthenorthofPulandian,thehometownofYuQingyang,anationalcombathero,withitsmainpeakashighas848meters/withitsdominantpeakatanelevationof848meters/withitshighestpeakelevated848meters.【译文2】IntheTownofTongyiinnorthernPulandian,thehometownofYuQingyang,anationalcombathero,sta

11、ndstheOldHatMountain,whosemainpeakis848metersabovesealevel.2.该山因峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花异而远近闻名，素有辽南“小黄山”之美誉。峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花异：汉语主谓结构可以处理成英语形容词名词结构。峰秀秀峰：magnificent,beautifulpeaks石峭峭石：steep,precipitouscliffs林密密林：dense,thickwoods松奇奇松：奇：奇形怪状grotesquepines花异异花：奇异：exotic,rare,峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花异远近闻名：famousfarandwide素有之美誉：素

12、：ever,allthetime,always美誉：goodfame，(good)reputation素有之美誉：everenjoysthereputationof【译文】Knownfarandwideforitsmagnificentpeaks,precipitouscliffs,thickwoods,grotesquepinesandexoticflowers,iteverenjoysthereputationoftheSmallHuangshanMountaininsouthernLiaoning.3.老帽山雄伟壮观、景色宜人。雄伟：majestic（majesty），magnifice

13、nt，grand，imposing壮观：spectacular（spectacularity），magnificent景色宜人：宜人：pleasant，delightful，charming，fascinating，enchanting（使心醉）【译文】TheOldHatMountainisbothmajesticandspectacular,offeringenchantingviews.除了并列之外，我们可以对汉语的多个描述词语进行分解，分散在英文句子中的不同位置，如定语和表语；或者寻找一个中心点，其他围绕这个中心，此句的中心是“景色宜人”。4.山中怪石千姿百态，惟妙惟肖；千姿百态：“千、

14、百”，汉语的数字有时夸张，形容多的意思，各种各样。姿态：姿势形态：postures,shape惟妙惟肖：remarkablytruetolife;beabsolutelylifelike【译文】Itsuniquerocksofallshapesandposturescanfindtheirresemblanceinlife.5.清泉四季长流，瀑布溅石有声；清：清澈limpid，crystalclear四季:thefourseasons；allyearround瀑布：waterfall,cataract,cascade（小）【译文】Crystalclearspringkeepsrunningal

15、lyearround,withcascadessplashingdownontorocks(,creatingroars).6.动植物资源极其丰富；【译文】Itaboundsinanimalandplantresources.7.各种花卉竞相开放，各种野果随处可见，竞相：互相争胜contendfor/competeforwitheachother【译文】Bloomingflowersofallsortscontendforbeautyandwildfruitsaregrowneverywhere.8.野生动物时隐时现；时隐时现:时时：nowandthen；nowappearandthendis

16、appear【译文】Occasionallyonecanseewildanimalshere.9.一些珍贵中草药材应有尽有，中草药：Chineseherbalmedicine药材：medicinalmaterials；crudedrugs应有尽有：haveeverythingoneexpectstofind;ingreatplentyandvariety【译文】Onecanalsofindsomekindsofvaluable/precious/rareChineseherbalmedicinesinplenty.10.人称辽南“百草园”。【译文】Henceitisalsoknownasthe

17、HundredGrassesGardenofsouthernLiaoning.11.老帽山四季有景，生机无限。【译文】TheOldHatMountainpresentssceneriesinallseasons/allyearround,withendlessvitality/withinfinitelivelihood.12.“觅英雄足迹，赏帽山风光”，汉语的无主句译成英语时可增补适当的主语【译文】“Letsfollowthefootstepsoftheheroandenjoy/admirethebeautifulsceneryoftheOldHatMountain”.13.好客的同益人民真

18、诚欢迎海内外朋友来老帽山旅游观光。【译文】ThehospitablepeopleofTongyisincerelywelcomefriendsfromhomeandabroadtotheOldHatMountain.雷曼第2季度收益大增47%雷曼兄弟（LehmanBrothers）昨日公布，公司第二季度收益大增47%，但其股价却大幅下挫，原因是投资者担心波动较大的市场和不断上升的利率，会中止华尔街投行近来利润大增的趋势。这家华尔街投行表示，公司第二季度收益为10亿美元，合每股收益1.69美元，而上年同期的收益为6.83亿美元，合每股1.13美元。该公司固定收益产品交易业务业绩强劲，抵消了债券承

19、销收入大幅下降的负面影响。LehmansharesdipinspiteofearningssurgeLehmanBrothersyesterdayreporteda47percentjumpinsecond-quarterearningsbutitssharesfellsharplyamidinvestorfearsthatvolatilemarketsandrisinginterestratescouldcutintoWallStreetsrecentrunofblockbusterprofits.TheWallStreetbanksaiditearned$1bn,or$1.69ashare

20、,inthesecondquarter,upfrom$683m,or$1.13ashare,ayearearlier.Strongfixed-incometradingresultsoffsetasharpdropindebt-underwritingrevenue.突然之间，人人都在谈论不断消失的百万富翁们。周二，华尔街日报有篇文章谈到了美国马里兰州百万富翁越来越少。现在有消息说，英国的百万富翁人数减少了约一半。这并不是因为富翁们移民或是避税去了，而是个人财务状况出了问题。正如过去一年中我所写的，富人们在此次危机中遭受了重创，原因主要是他们的投资和房地产的价值锐减。正因为如此，百万富翁（特别

21、是富翁中的“贫困户”）的人数骤减。BritainLosesHalfOfItsMillionairesSuddenlyeveryoneistalkingaboutdisappearingmillionaires.TuesdaytherewasTheWallStreetJournaltalkingaboutthevanishingMarylandmillionaires.NowcomeswordthatBritainhaslostabouthalfitsmillionaires.Thereasonisntemigrationortaxrevolts.Itispersonalfinances.AsI

22、havebeenwritingforthepastyear,therichhavebeenhammeredbythiscrisis,largelybecauseoftheplungeinthevalueoftheirinvestmentsandrealestate.Asaresult,themillionairepopulation(especiallythelowerend)istakingadive.传道者感叹到：“著书立说没有止境”，却没发觉他已高度评价了作家这一职业。的确，写作、旅行、积聚财富都是没有终结的。一个问题引发另外一个问题。我们不断学习，且永远达不到心中所渴望的那般学识渊博。

23、我们永远雕刻不出自己心仪的塑像。当发现一个新大陆,或翻过一座山脉时，我们总会看到远方还有未曾涉足的海洋与陆地。宇宙浩渺，总会有供我们勤奋努力的东西，总会有供我们探索的空间。它不像卡莱尔的著作，可以读完。即使在其一角，在一个私人花园，或一个农庄附近，四季轮回，天气瞬息万变，哪怕在那里生活了一辈子，也总会有让我们惊喜的事情。Ofmakingbooksthereisnoend,complainedthePreacher;anddidnotperceivehowhighlyhewaspraisinglettersasanoccupation.Thereisnoend,indeed,tomakingbo

24、oksorexperiments,ortotravel,ortogatheringwealth.Problemgivesrisetoproblem.Wemaystudyforever,andweareneveraslearnedaswewould.Wehavenevermadeastatueworthyofourdreams.Andwhenwehavediscoveredacontinent,orcrossedachainofmountains,itisonlytofindanotheroceanoranotherplainuponthefurtherside.Intheinfiniteuni

25、versethereisroomforourswiftestdiligenceandtospare.ItisnotliketheworksofCarlyle,whichcanbereadtoanend.Eveninacornerofit,inaprivatepark,orintheneighborhoodofasinglehamlet,theweatherandtheseasonskeepsodeftlychangingthatalthoughwewalkthereforalifetimetherewillbealwayssomethingnewtostartleanddelightus.老太

26、太总以自家花园里那棵高大的玫瑰树为荣。她非常喜欢告诉别人，数年前她初次结婚时从罗马带回来的枝条，是如何长成如今这般高大的。那时，她与丈夫乘马车从罗马旅行归来(那时还没有火车)，途经锡耶那南部的崎岖路段时，马车坏了，他们被迫就宿于路边的小屋里。住宿条件当然非常差；她一夜未能安眠，一早便起身穿好衣服，立于窗前，感受着扑面而来的席席凉风，等待着黎明的到来。事隔多年，她仍然记得那情景。明月高悬在青山群峦之上，远处山峰上的小镇逐渐明亮起来，月亮慢慢消退，晨曦把群山涂得粉红。突然之间，一束阳光照亮了城镇。城里的窗户相继明亮起来，反射出耀眼的光芒。最后，整个小城宛若繁星，在天空中不停闪烁。Theoldlad

27、yhadalwaysbeenproudofthegreatrose-treeinhergarden,andwasfondoftellinghowithadgrownfromacuttingshehadbroughtyearsbeforefromItaly,whenshewasfirstmarried.SheandherhusbandhadbeentravellingbackintheircarriagefromRome(itwasbeforethetimeofrailways)andonabadpieceofroadsouthofSienatheyhadbrokendown,andhadbee

28、nforcedtopassthenightinalittlehousebytheroad-side.Theaccommodationwaswretchedofcourse;shehadspentasleeplessnight,andrisingearlyhadstood,wrappedup,atherwindow,withthecoolairblowingonherface,towatchthedawn.Shecouldstill,afteralltheseyears,rememberthebluemountainswiththebrightmoonabovethem,andhowafar-o

29、fftownononeofthepeakshadgraduallygrownwhiterandwhiter,tillthemoonfaded,themountainsweretouchedwiththepinkoftherisingsun,andsuddenlythetownwaslitasbyanillumination,onewindowafteranothercatchingandreflectingthesunbeam,tillatlastthewholelittlecitytwinkledandsparkledupintheskylikeanestofstars.当你步入婚姻的殿堂，

30、你可能认为已经爬到了山顶，剩下的只是悠闲地沿着平缓的山坡下山。然而，这只是恋爱的结束，婚姻的开始。拥有一颗骄傲而又叛逆的心，坠入爱河与赢得爱情都是难事；但维持爱情也很重要，夫妻都应相敬如宾,互相关爱。当真爱起始于圣坛之时，夫妻之间便开始了一场智慧与慷慨的竞争，一场为了一个不可能实现的理想而持续一生的奋斗。不可能实现？啊，当然不可能，因为他们不是一个人，而是两个呀。Again,whenyouhavemarriedyourwife,youwouldthinkyouweregotuponahilltop,andmightbegintogodownwardbyaneasyslope.Butyouhav

31、eonlyendedcourtingtobeginmarriage.Fallinginloveandwinningloveareoftendifficulttaskstooverbearingandrebelliousspirits;buttokeepinloveisalsoabusinessofsomeimportance,towhichbothmanandwifemustbringkindnessandgoodwill.Thetruelovestorycommencesatthealtar,whenthereliesbeforethemarriedpairamostbeautifulcon

32、testofwisdomandgenerosity,andalife-longstruggletowardsanunattainableideal.Unattainable?Ay,surelyunattainable,fromtheveryfactthattheyaretwoinsteadofone.正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如此连绵不绝，永无止境。对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有一番新天地。虽然我们蜗居于这颗小行星上，整日忙于锁事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如

33、何结束，在于我们的希翼，而并非拥有。Weliveinanascendingscalewhenwelivehappily,onethingleadingtoanotherinanendlessseries.Thereisalwaysanewhorizonforonward-lookingmen,andalthoughwedwellonasmallplanet,immersedinpettybusinessandnotenduringbeyondabriefperiodofyears,wearesoconstitutedthatourhopesareinaccessible,likestars,a

34、ndthetermofhopingisprolongeduntilthetermoflife.Tobetrulyhappyisaquestionofhowwebeginandnotofhowweend,ofwhatwewantandnotofwhatwehave.与舞蹈和音乐相伴的歌谣跟口头流传的神话，远在文字出现之前就已大量产生。中国的文学正是发端于此。不过歌谣本是人们在生活中随兴而发的东西，上古时代也没有保存和记载它们的手段，因之也就很快湮灭，不留痕迹。我们只能从一些古籍书中推断它们的存在。古书中记载了一些据称年代非常久远的歌谣，但是大多出于后人的伪托，能够断定朝代的歌谣要到诗经里才能看见

35、。从这点来看，古代神话对中国文学的影响更为显著。Longbeforetheemergenceofthewrittenword,ballads,accompaniedbymusicanddance,andmyths,passedaroundbywordofmouth,werewidelypopular.Chineseliteraturefindsitsoriginsinthesetraditions.However,balladswerewhatpeopleimprovisedoutofdailylife,andduetolackofmeanstorecordandpreservethemina

36、ncienttimes,theyquicklydisappearedwithoutleavingmuchofatrace.Today,wecanonlydeducetheirexistencefromancientbooks,whichrecordedsometime-honoredballads,thoughmostofthesearebelivedtobederivativesoflatergenerations.BalladsintheBookofSongsaretheearliestwritingsthatcanbedated.Fromthispointofview,ancientmy

37、thologyobviouslyhashadagreatinfluenceonChineseliterature.我的一个好朋友最近接受了白血病测试。她对我说，最令人痛苦的折磨就是苦苦等待测试结果的那一周时间。我朋友说，她可能会学着直面坏结果。但真正让人煎熬焦虑的是那种茫然的感觉。孟克(EdvardMunch)的名画呐喊哈佛大学心理学家吉尔伯特(DanielGilbert)不久前在纽约时报(NewYorkTimes)的专栏中写道，不知道要发生什么坏事比知道什么坏事要发生的感觉更糟。我们大多数人之所以会夜不能寐、抽烟发泄，并不是因为道琼斯指数要再跌1000点，而是因为我们不知道道指会不会下跌不确

38、定的感觉比不确定的事情本身更折磨人。CopingWiththeCertaintyofUncertaintyAclosefriendofminerecentlyunderwenttestsforleukemia.Themostagonizingpartoftheordeal,shesaid,wastheweek-longwaitforthetestresults.Abadoutcomeshecouldlearntocopewith,myfriendsaid.Itwasthenotknowing,theuncertainty,thatwassodifficult.Peoplefeelworsewh

39、ensomethingbadmightoccurthanwhensomethingbadwilloccur,wroteHarvardpsychologistDanielGilbertinarecentNewYorkTimesop-ed.MostofusarentlosingsleepandsuckingdownMarlborosbecausetheDowisgoingtofallanotherthousandpoints,butbecausewedontknowwhetheritwillfallornotandhumanbeingsfinduncertaintymorepainfulthant

40、hethingstheyreuncertainabout.我和丈夫结婚已经五年了，从我们的腰围就能看出来。虽然我们俩都还算天生苗条，也尽量定期健身，但自打结婚生子以来我们还是无可避免地长胖了一点。（事实上，我那个还在学步的孩子这段时间最喜欢的活动就是揪着我的肚皮狂笑。真是多谢了。）刊登在肥胖(Obesity)杂志和商业周刊网站(BusinessW)的新研究发现，已婚夫妇变得肥胖的机率是正在恋爱但尚未结婚或同居的人的两倍。结婚时间越长，体重增加、变得肥胖的风险就越大。北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校(UniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill)的研究人员说，两个人生活在一

41、起就会一同行动，比如说一块儿吃饭看电视。科学家们还强调，婚姻会带来许多健康方面的好处，比如说少抽烟，死亡率也会降低。DoesMarriageMakeYouFat?MyhusbandandIhavebeenmarriedforfiveyearsandyoucantellbyourwaistlines.Whilewerebothnaturallyprettyslimandtrytoexercisesomewhatregularly,wevedefinitelyputonafewpoundssinceweexchangedvows(thatsusinthepicture)andsincewehado

42、urson.(Infact,mytoddlersfavoriteactivitythesedaysissqueezingmybellyandgigglinghysterically.Thanks.)Newresearch,publishedinthejournalObesityandwrittenaboutatBusinessW,foundthatmarriedcouplesaretwiceaslikelytobecomeobeseaspeopleinromanticrelationshipswhowerentmarriedorlivingtogether.Thelongercouplesar

43、emarried,thegreatertheriskofgainingweightandbecomingobese.Theresearchers,fromtheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,saywhenpeoplearelivingtogethertheysharebehaviors,suchaseatingmealstogetherandwatchingTV.Thescientistsalsonotethatmarriageprovidesanumberofhealthbenefits,includingdecreasedcigarettesm

44、okingandlowermortality.一艘货轮卸货后在浩瀚的大海上返航时，突然遭遇了可怕的风暴。水手们惊慌失措，经验丰富的老船长果断地命令水手们立刻打开货舱，往里面灌水。“船长是不是疯了，往船舱里灌水只会增加船的压力，使船下沉，这不是自寻死路吗？”一个年轻的水手嘟哝着。看着船长严厉的脸色，水手们还是照做了。随着货船里的水位越升越高，随着船一寸一寸地下沉，猛烈的狂风巨浪对船的威胁却一点一点地减少，货轮渐渐平稳了。船长望着松了一口气的水手们说：“百万吨的巨轮很少有被打翻的，被打翻的常常是份量轻的小船。船在负重的时候，是最安全的；空船时，则是最危险的。”这就是“压力效应”。那些得过且过，没有

45、一点压力，做一天和尚撞一天钟的人，像风暴中没有载货的船，往往一场人生的狂风巨浪便会把他们打翻。Homewardboundafterunloadingitscargo,ashipranintoaviolentstorminthemiddleofavastocean.Theseamenwerethrownintoapanic.Withouthesitation,theoldbutseasonedcaptainorderedwaterbepouredintotheholdimmediately.Amadman,isnthe?Heisgoingtobringhisowndestructionbyfil

46、lingwaterintotheholdandmakingtheshipgodown,grumbledayoungsailor.Noticingthecaptainssternlook,thesailorsreluctantlycarriedouthisorder.Withthewatercomingupintheholdandtheshipgoingdowninchbyinch,thethreateningoftheviolentstormtotheshipgraduallysubsidedandtheshipstartedtostablize.Thecaptainsaidtothereli

47、evedsailors:Amilliontonshipseldomturnsover;itsoftenthesmallshipsthatsankeasily.Itssafestwhenashipiswithload,andthemostdangerouswhenwithout.Thisiscalledthepressureeffect.Themanwhoalwaysmuddlesthroughinhisworkwilleasilybefrustratedinacompetitivesocietyjustlikeanunloadedshipthatwillturnedovereasilyinastorm.-