复旦大学考博英语模拟题2复习过程.doc

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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。复旦大学考博英语模拟题2-复旦大学博士研究生入学考试英语析试题一PARTVocabularyandStructureDirections:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispartForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglel

2、inethroughthecenter.1.Hefailedtocarryoutsomeoftheprovisionsofthecontract,andnowhehasto_theconsequences.A.answerforB.runintoC.abidebyD.stepinto2.Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured_thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.A.inlinewithB.intermsofC.inregardtoD.incaseof3.Itri

3、edveryhardtopersuadehimtojoinourgroupsbutImetwithflat_.A.disapprovalB.rejectionC.refusalD.decline4.Itisstrictly_thataccesstoconfidentialdocumentsisdeniedtoallbutafew.A.securedB.forbiddenC.regulatedD.determined5.Ms.Breenhasbeenlivingintownforonlyoneyear,yetsheseemstobe_witheveryonewhocomestothestore.

4、A.acceptedB.admittedC.admiredD.acquainted6.Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust_thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworldmarketdemand.A.improveB.enhanceC.guaranteeD.gear7.Itiswell-knownthattheretiredworkersinourcountryare_freemedicalcare.A.entitledtoB.involvedinC.ass

5、ociatedwithD.assignedto8.Yourkindnessingiving_totheconsiderationoftheaboveproblemwillbehighlyappreciated.A.importanceB.advantageC.priorityD.authority9.Bigbusinessesenjoycertain_thatsmalleronesdonothave.A.transactionsB.privilegesC.subsidiesD.substitutes10.Peterwill_asmanagingdirectorwhenBillretires.A

6、.takeoffB.takeoverC.taketoD.takeup11.Oneofthewrongnotionsaboutscienceisthatmanyscientificdiscoverieshavecomeabout_.A.accordinglyB.accidentallyC.artificiallyD.additionally12.Jack_tothemanagerforthemistakeshehadmade.A.excusedB.pardonedC.forgaveD.apologized13._scientistshaveobservedincreasedpollutionin

7、thewatersupply.A.LateB.LaterC.LatterD.Lately14.Thiswatchis_toalltheotherwatchesonthemarketA.superiorB.advantageousC.superD.beneficial15.Freshfruitsandvegetablesaregenerallylessexpensivewhentheyarein_.A.saleB.needC.seasonD.time16.Wecansurely_alldifficultiesthatmaycomeup.A.getonB.comeoverC.getoverD.co

8、meacross17.He_veryquicklyafterhisillness.A.recoveredB.discoveredC.uncoveredD.covered18.Thedesigningofasatelliteintheheavenlyenvironmentis_aneasyjob.A.byallmeansB.byanymeansC.byeverymeansD.bynomeans19.Thegoodharvest_thepriceofstrawberries.A.broughtdownB.cutoutC.arosefromD.addedto20.Mostgreatartistsar

9、eexceptionally_people.A.sensitizedB.sensitiveC.senselessD.sensory21.Hecamebacklater,_whichtimetheyhadleft.A.afterB.byC.fromD.for22.Giorgio,nowfifteen,andLucia,alsoinherteens,werereachingthe_oftheiradolescence.A.crisisB.criterionC.causalityD.credibility23.AtfirstJackieprayed,frozeninfear,butgradually

10、histerror_curiosity.A.putupwithB.liveduptoC.didawaywithD.gavewayto24.TheInternationalOlympicCommitteerejectstheaccusationsthatBeijingsbudget-cuttingmovemight_itspreparationforthegames.A.degradeB.deliberateC.deployD.defend25.TheEskimoisperhapsoneofthemosttrustingandconsiderateofallIndiansbutseemstobe

11、_thewelfareofhisanimals.A.criticalaboutB.indignantatC.indifferenttoD.subjectto26.Thechairmanoftheboard_onmetheunpleasantjobofdismissinggoodworkersthefirmcannolongeraffordtoemploy.A.compelledB.posedC.pressedD.tempted27.Itisnaivetoexpectthatanysocietycanresolveallthesocialproblemsitisfacedwith_.A.forl

12、ongB.inandoutC.onceforallD.bynature,28.Usingextremelydifferentdecoratingschemesinadjoiningroomsmayresultin_andlackofunityinstyle.A.conflictB.confrontationC.disturbanceD.disharmony29.TheTimberrattlesnakeisnowontheendangeredspecieslist,andisextinctintwoeasternstatesinwhichitonce_.A.thrivedB.swelledC.p

13、rosperedD.flourished30.However,growthinthefabricatedmetalsindustrywasableto_someofthedeclineintheironandsteelindustry.A.overturnB.overtakeC.offsetD.oppressPARTReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthem,th

14、erearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkcorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Passage1Thereseemsnevertohavebeenacivilizationwithouttoys,butwhenandhowtheydevelopedisunknown.Theyprobablycameaboutjusttofivechildrensomethingtodo.Intheancientworld,asistoday,m

15、ostboysplayedwithsomekindsoftoysandmostgirlswithanother.Insocietieswheresocialrolesarerigidlydetermined,boyspatterntheirplayaftertheactivitiesoftheirfathersandgirlsafterthetasksoftheirmothers.Thisistruebecauseboysandgirlsarebeingprepared,eveninplay,tostepintotherolesandresponsibilitiesoftheadultworl

16、d.Whatisremarkableaboutthehistoryoftoysisnotsomuchhowtheychangedoverthecenturiesbuthowmuchtheyhaveremainedthesame.Thechangeshavebeenmostlyintermsofcraftsmanship,mechanics,andtechnology.Itistheuniversalityoftoyswithregardtotheirdevelopmentinallpartoftheworldandtheirpersistencetothepresentthatisamazin

17、g.InEgypt,theAmericas,China,JapanandamongtheArctic(北极的)peoples,generallythesamekindsoftoysappeared.Variationsdependedonlocalcustomsandwaysoflifebecausetoysimitatetheirsurroundings.Nearlyeverycivilizationhaddolls,littleweapons,toysoldiers,tinyanimalsandvehicles.Becausetoyscanbegenerallyregardedasakin

18、dofartform,theyhavenotbeensubjecttotechnologicalleapsthatcharacterizeinventionsforadultuse.Theprogressfromthewheeltotheoxcarttotheautomobileisadirectlineofascent(进步).Theprogressfromarattle(拨浪鼓)usedbyababyin3000BCtooneusedbyaninfanttoday,however,isnotcharacterizedbyinventiveness.Eachrattleistheproduc

19、toftheartistictastesofthetimesandsubjecttothelimitationsofavailablematerials.31.Thereasonwhythetoysmostboysplaywitharedifferentfromthosethatgirlsplaywithisthat_.A.theirsocialrolesarerigidlydeterminedB.mostboyswouldliketofollowtheirfathersprofessionsC.boysliketoplaywiththeirfatherswhilegirlswiththeir

20、mothersD.theylikechallengingactivities32.Oneaspectoftheuniversalityoftoysliesinthefactthat_.A.technologicaladvanceshavegreatlyimprovedthedurabilityoftoysB.theimprovementofcraftsmanshipinmakingtoysdependsontheeffortsofuniversitiesC.theexplorationoftheuniversehasledtothecreationofnewkindsoftoysD.theba

21、siccharacteristicsoftoysarethesametheworldover33.Whichofthefollowingistheauthorsviewonthehistoricaldevelopmentoftoys?A.Thecraftsmanshipintoy-makinghasremainedessentiallyunchanged.B.Toyshaveremainedbasicallythesameallthroughthecenturies.C.Thetoyindustryhaswitnessedgreatleapsintechnologyinrecentyears.

22、D.Toysareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinshapingachildscharacter.34.Regardedasakindofartform,toys_.A.followadirectlineofascentB.alsoappealgreatlytoadultsC.arenotcharacterizedbytechnologicalprogressD.reflectthepaceofsocialprogress35.Theauthorusedtheexampleofarattletoshowthat_.A.intoy-makingtherei

23、sacontinuityintheuseofmaterialsB.eventhesimplesttoyscanreflecttheprogressoftechnologyC.itoftentakesalongtimetointroducenewtechnologyintotoy-makingD.evenasimpletoycanmirrortheartistictastesofthetimePassage2Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristwithagun,butthemanwiththeportablecom

24、puterinbusinessclass.Inthelast15years,pilotshavereportedwellover100incidentsthatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference.Thesourceofthisinterferenceremainsunconfirmed,butincreasingly,expertsarepointingtheblameatportableelectronicdevicessuchasportablecomputers,radioandcassetteplayersandmobile

25、telephones.RTCA,anorganizationwhichadvisestheaviation(航空)industry,hasrecommendedthatallairlinesban(禁止)suchdevicesfrombeingusedduringcriticalstagesoflight,particularlytake-offandlanding.Someexpertshavegonefurther,callingforatotalbanduringallflights.Currently,rulesonusingthesedevicesareleftuptoindivid

26、ualairlines.Andalthoughsomeairlinesprohibitpassengersfromusingsuchequipmentduringtake-offandlanding,mostarereluctanttoenforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights.Thedifficultyispredictinghowelectromagneticfieldsmightaffectanaircraftscomputers.Expertsknowthatportabledevicesemitrad

27、iationwhichaffectsthosewavelengthswhichaircraftusefornavigationandcommunication.But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.Thefactthataircraftmaybevulnerable(易受损的)tointerferenceraisestheriskthatterroristsmayuse

28、radiosysteminordertodamagenavigationequipment.Asworrying,though,isthepassengerwhocantheartheinstructionstoturnoffhisradiobecausethemusicstooloud.36.Thepassageismainlyabout_.A.anewregulationforallairlinesB.thedefectsofelectronicdevicesC.apossiblecauseofaircraftcrashesD.effectivesafetymeasuresforairfl

29、ight37.Whatissaidabouttheover100aircraftincidentsinthepast15years?A.Theymayhavebeencausedbythedamagetotheradiosystems.B.Theymayhavetakenplaceduringtake-offandlanding.C.Theywereprovedtohavebeencausedbythepassengersportablecomputers.D.Theyweresuspectedtohaveresultedfromelectromagneticinterference.38.F

30、ewairlineswanttoimposeatotalbanontheirpassengersusingelectronicdevicesbecause_.A.theydontbelievethereissuchadangerasradiointerferenceB.theharmfuleffectofelectromagneticinterferenceisyettobeprovedC.mostpassengersrefusetotakeaplanewhichbanstheuseofradioandcassetteplayersD.theyhaveothereffectivesafetym

31、easurestofallbackon39.Whyisitdifficulttopredictthepossibleeffectsofelectromagneticfieldsonanairplanescomputers?A.Becauseitisextremelydangeroustoconductsuchresearchonanairplane.B.Becauseitremainsamysterywhatwavelengthsareliabletobeinterferedwith.C.Becauseresearchscientistshavenotbeentoproducethesamee

32、ffectsinlabs.D.Becauseexpertslackadequateequipmenttodosuchresearch.40.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor_.A.isinfavorofprohibitingpassengersuseofelectronicdevicescompletelyB.hasoverestimatedthedangerofelectromagneticinterferenceC.hasntformedhisownopiniononthisproblemD.regardsitasunreasonable

33、toexerciseatotalbanduringflightPassage3Theriseofmultinationalcorporations(跨国公司),globalmarketing,newcommunicationstechnologies,andshrinkingculturaldifferenceshaveledtoanunparalleledincreaseinglobalpublicrelationsorPR.Surprisingly,sincemodernPRwaslargelyanAmericaninvention,theU.S.leadershipinpublicrel

34、ationsisbeingthreatenedbyPReffortsinothercountries.Tenyearsago,forexample,theworldstopfivepublicrelationsagencieswereAmerican-owned.In1991,onlyonewas.TheBritishinparticulararebecomingoresophisticatedandcreative.ArecentsurveyfoundthatmorethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporate(公司

35、的)planningactivities,comparedtoaboutone-thirdofU.S.companies,ItmaynotbelongbeforeLondonreplacesNewYorkasthecapitalofPR.WhyisAmericalaggingbehindintheglobalPRrace?First,Americansasawholetendtobefairlyprovincialandtakemoreofaninterestinlocalaffairs.Knowledgeofworldgeography,forexample,hasneverbeenstro

36、nginthiscountry.Secondly,AmericanslagbehindtheirEuropeanandAsiancounterparts(相对应的人)inknowingasecondlanguage.Lessthan5percentofBurson-MarshallsU.S.employeesknowtwolanguages.OgilvyandMatherhasaboutthesamepercentageconversely,someEuropeanfirmshavehalformoreoftheiremployeesfluentinasecondlanguage.Finall

37、y,peopleinvolvedinPRabroadtendtokeepaclosereyeoninternationalaffairs.InthefinancialPRarea,forinstance,mostAmericansreadtheWallStreetJournal.Overseas,theircounterpartsreadtheJournalaswellastheFinancialTimesofLondonandTheEconomist,publicationsnotoftenreadinthiscountry.PerhapsthePRindustrymighttakeales

38、sonfromTedTurnerofCNN(CableNewsNetwork).TurnerrecentlyannouncedthatthewordforeignwouldnolongerbeusedonCNNnewsbroadcasts.AccordingtoTurner,globalcommunicationshavemadethenationsoftheworldsointerdependentthatthereisnolongeranysuchthingasforeign.41.Accordingtothepassage,U.S.leadershipinpublicrelationsi

39、sbeingthreatenedbecause_.A.anunparalleledincreaseinthenumberofpublicrelationscompaniesB.shrinkingculturaldifferencesandnewcommunicationstechnologiesC.thedecreasingnumberofmultinationalcorporationsintheU.S.D.increasedeffortsofothercountriesinpublicrelations42.LondoncouldsoonreplaceNewYorkasthecentero

40、fPRbecause_.A.BritishcompaniesaremoreambitiousthanU.S.companiesB.BritishcompaniesplacemoreimportanceonPRthanU.S.companiesC.BritishcompaniesareheavilyinvolvedinplanningactivitiesD.fouroftheworldstoppublicrelationsagenciesareBritish-owned43.Thewordprovincial(Line2,Para.3)mostprobablymeans_A.limitedino

41、utlookB.likepeoplefromtheprovincesC.rigidinthinkingD.interestedinworldfinancialaffairs44.WelearnfromthethirdparagraphthatemployeesintheAmericanPRindustry_.A.speakatleastoneforeignlanguagefluentlyB.areignorantaboutworldgeographyC.arenotassophisticatedastheirEuropeancounterpartsD.enjoyreadingagreatvar

42、ietyofEnglishbusinesspublications45.WhatlessonmightthePRindustrytakefromTedTurnerofCNN?A.AmericanPRcompaniesshouldbemoreinternationally-minded.B.TheAmericanPRindustryshoulddevelopglobalcommunicationstechnologies.C.PeopleworkinginPRshouldbemorefluentinforeignlanguages.D.PeopleinvolvedinPRshouldavoidu

43、singthewordforeign.Passage4Itisnotunusualforchiefexecutivestocollectmillionsofdollarsayearinpay,stockoptions,andbonuses.Inthelastfifteenyears,whileexecutiveremunerationrose,taxesinthehighestincomebracketwentdown.Millionairesarenowcommonplace.Amiabilityisnotaprerequisiteforrisingtothetop,andtherearea

44、numberofchiefexecutiveofficerswithlegendarybadtempers.Itisnotthebosssjobtoworryaboutthewell-beingofhissubordinatesalthoughthemanwithmanyenemieswillbesweptoutmorequicklyinhardtimes;itisthecompanyheworriesaboutHisbusinesssavvyissupposedtobebasedonintimateknowledgeofhiscompanyandtheindustrysohegoeshome

45、nightlywithafullbriefcase.Attheverytop-andonthewayup-executivesareexceedinglydedicated.TheAmericanexecutivemustbecapableofenoughsmalltalktogethimthroughthesocialpartofhisschedule,butheisprobablynotahighlyculturedindividualoranintellectual.Althoughhiswifemaybeontheboardofthesymphonyoropera,hehimselfh

46、aslittletimeforsuchpursuits.Hisreadingmaylargelyconcernbusinessandmanagement,despiteinterestsinotherfields.Golfprovideshimwithasportiveoutletthatcombineswithsomeusefulsocializing.Thesedays,heprobablyattemptssomeformofaerobicexercisetokeeptheoldheartinshapeandforthesamereasongoeseasyonbutterandalcoho

47、l,andsubstancesthoughttocontributetotakinghighlystressedexecutivesoutoftherunning.Buthisdoctorsadmonitiontotakeiteasyfallsondeafears.Helikestowork.Heknowsthereareyoungermennippingathisheels.Corporatehead-hunting,cardedonbyexecutivesearchfirms,isagrowingindustry.Americahasgreatfaithinindividualtalent,anddynamicandaggressiveexecutivesaresoindemandthatcompaniesregularlyraideachothersmanagerialranks.46.Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat_.A.promotiondependsonamiabilityB.chiefexecutivesdonotworkhardenoughatthetoplevelC.itisthedutyofthechiefexecutivetolookafterthewe