发动机专业英语词汇培训资料.doc

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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。发动机专业英语词汇-发动机engine内燃机intenalcombusitonengine动力机装置powerunit汽油机gasolineengine汽油喷射式汽油机gasoline-injectionengine火花点火式发动机sparkignitionengine压燃式发动机compressionignitionengine往复式内燃机reciprocatinginternalcombustionengine化油器式发动机carburetorengine柴油机dieselengine转子发动机ro

2、taryengine旋轮线转子发动机rotarytrochoidalengine二冲程发动机two-strokeengine四冲程发动机four-strokeengine直接喷射式柴油机directinjectionengine间接喷射式柴油机indirectinjectionengine增压式发动机superchargedengine风冷式发动机air-cooledengine油冷式发动机oil-cooledengine水冷式发动机water-cooledengine自然进气式发动机naturallyaspiratedengine煤气机gasengine液化石油气发动机liquifiedpe

3、troleumgasengine柴油煤气机dieselgasengine多种燃料发动机multifuelengine石油发动机hydrocarbonengine双燃料发动机duelfuelengine热球式发动机hotbulbengine多气缸发动机multiplecylinderengine对置活塞发动机opposedpistonengine对置气缸式发动机opposed-cylinderengine十字头型发动机crossheadengine直列式发动机in-lineengine星型发动机radialengine筒状活塞发动机trunk-pistonengine斯特林发动机stirling

4、engine套阀式发动机knightengine气孔扫气式发动机port-scavengedengine倾斜式发动机slantengine前置式发动机front-engine后置式发动机rear-engine中置式发动机centralengine左侧发动机left-handengine右侧发动机right-handengine短冲程发动机oversquareengine长冲程发动机undersquareengine等径程发动机squareengine顶置凸轮轴发动机overheadcamshaftengine双顶置凸轮轴发动机dualoverheadcamshaftengineV形发动机V-e

5、ngine顶置气门发动机valvein-headengine侧置气门发动机sidevalveengine无气门发动机valvelessengine多气门发动机multi-valveengine卧式发动机horizontalengine斜置式发动机inclinedengine立式发动机verticalengineW形发动机w-engineI形发动机I-engineL形发动机L-engineF形发动机F-engine性能performance二冲程循环two-strokecycle四冲程循环four-strokecycle狄塞尔循环dieselcycle奥托循环ottocycle混合循环mixed

6、cycle定容循环constantvolumecycle工作循环workingcycle等压循环constantpressurecycle理想循环idealcycle热力循环thermodynamiccycle冲程stroke活塞行程pistonstroke长行程longstroke上行程upstroke下行程downstroke进气行程intakestroke充气行程chargingstroke压缩行程compressionstroke爆炸行程explosionstroke膨胀行程expansionstroke动力行程powerstroke排气行程exhauststroke膨胀换气行程exp

7、ansion-exchangestroke换气压缩行程exchange-compressionstroke止点deadcenter上止点topdeadcenter(upperdeadcenter)下止点lowerdeadcenter(bottomdeadcenter)上止点前BTDC(beforetopdeadcenter)上止点后atdc(aftertopdeadcetner)下止点前bbdc(beforebottomdeadcenter)下止点后abdc(afterbottomdeadcenter)缸径cylinderbore缸径与行程boreandstroke空气室energychamb

8、er气缸余隙容积cylinderclearancevolume燃烧室容积combustionchambervolume气缸最大容积maximumcylindervolume压缩室compressionchamber排气量displacement发动机排量enginedisplacement活塞排量pistonsweptvolume气缸容量cylindercapacity单室容量single-chambercapacity容积法volumetry压缩比compressionratio临界压缩比criticalcompressionratio膨胀比expansionratio面容比surfacet

9、ovolumeratio行程缸径比stroke-boreratio混合比mixtureratio压缩压力compressionpressure制动平均有效压力brakemeaneffectivepressure(bmep)空燃比airfuelratio燃空比fuelairratio燃料当量比fuelequivalenceratio扭矩torque单缸功率powerpercylinder升功率powerperliter升扭矩torqueperliter升质量massperliter减额功率deratingpower输出马力shafthorsepower马力小时，马力时horsepower-hou

10、r总马力grosshorsepower总功率grosspower净功率netpower燃油消耗量fuelconsumption比燃料消耗率specificfuelconsumption空气消耗率airconsumption机油消耗量oilconsumptioneffectivethermalefficiency充气系数volumetricefficiency过量空气系数coefficientofexcessair活塞平均速度meanpistonspeed发动机转速enginespeed(rotationalfrequency)怠速转速idlingspeed经济转速economicspeed起动

11、转速startingspeed最低稳定工作转速lowestcontinuousspeedwithload最大扭矩转速speedatmaximumtorque最高空转转速maximumnoloadgovernedspeed调速speedgoverning超速overspeed怠速idling转速波动率speedfluctuationrate工况workingcondition(operatingmode)额定工况declaredworkingcondition变工况variableworkingcondition稳定工况steadyworkingcondition空载no-load全负荷full

12、load超负荷气缸cylinder（转子机）缸体stator缸径cylinderbore气缸体机架cylinderblockframe气缸盖cylinderhead配气机构箱valvemechanismcasing气缸体隔片cylinderspacer气缸盖密封环cylinderheadringgasket气缸盖垫片cylinderheadgasket气缸套cylinderliner(cylindersleeve)干式缸套drycylinderliner湿式缸套wetcylinderliner气缸水套waterjacketpowerperformance排放性能emissionperforma

13、nce空转特性noloadcharacteristics负荷特性partthrottlecharacteristics调速特性governorcontrolcharacteristics万有特性mappingcharacteristics气缸体和气缸盖cylinderblockandhead气缸体cylinderblock整体铸造castinblock(castenblock)发动机罩enginebonnet燃烧室combustionchamber主燃烧室maincombustionchamber副燃烧室subsidiarycombustionchamber预燃室prechamber涡流燃烧室

14、swirlcombustionchamber分开式燃烧室dividedcombustionchamber涡流式燃烧室turbulencecombustionchamber半球形燃烧室hemisphericalcombustionchamber浴盆形燃烧室bathtubsectioncombustionchamberL形燃烧室L-combustionchamber楔形燃烧室wedge-sectioncombustionchamber开式燃烧室opencombustionchamber封闭喷射室closedspraychamber活塞顶内燃烧室pistonchamber爆发室explosionch

15、amber燃烧室容积比volumeratioofcombustioncahmber燃烧室口径比surface-volumeratioofcombustionchamber通道面积比arearatioofcombustionchamberpassage曲轴箱通气口crankcasebreather凸轮轴轴承座camshaftbearingbushseat定时齿轮室罩camshaftdrive(gear)cover曲轴箱检查孔盖crankcasedoor曲轴箱防爆门crankcaseexplosionproofdoor主轴承盖mainbearingcap气缸盖罩valvemechanismcove

16、r飞轮壳flywheelcover扫气储器scavengingairreceiver活塞piston裙部开槽活塞直接冷却式活塞direct-cooledpiston间接冷却式活塞indirectcooledpiston滑裙活塞slipperpiston活塞速度pistonspeed活塞顶部pistonhead活塞裙部pistonskirt整体活塞裙solidskirt活塞裙扩大衬簧pistonskirtexpander滑履式活塞裙slipperskirt隔热槽heatdam活塞标记pistonmark活塞销pistonpin活塞销孔pistonpinboss活塞销衬套pistonpinbush

17、ing全浮式活塞销full-floatingpistonpin半浮式活塞销semifloatingpistonpin固定螺钉式活塞销setscrewpistonpin活塞环pistonring组合式活塞环compoundpistonring同心活塞环concentricpistonring偏心活塞环eccentricpistonring自由环freering闭合环closedring梯形环keystonering半梯形环halfkeystonering矩形环rectangularring油环oilcontrolring开槽油环凸轮轴轴承camshaftbearing凸轮轴偏心轮camshaft

18、eccentric凸轮轴链轮camshaftsprocket凸轮轴正时齿轮camshafttiminggear凸轮轴齿轮camshaftgearwheel进口凸轮inletcam排气凸轮exhaustcam快升凸轮quickliftcam快升缓降凸轮quickliftgradualclsingcam凸轮轮廓camcontour凸轮包角camangle正时齿轮timinggear链传动机构chaindrive链轮sprocketwheel链轮盘chainsprocket正时链条timingchain带齿皮带toothedtimingbelt链条张紧轮chaintensiongear半速齿轮hal

19、fspeedgear正时齿轮刻印记号timinggearpunchmark气门valve进气过程intakeprocess换气过程gasexchangeprocess扫气过程scavengingprocess给气比deliveryratio分层充气stratifiedcharge充量系数volumetricefficiency涡流比swirlrate进气涡流intakeswirl螺旋进气道进气helicalductintake导流屏式气门进气maskedvalveintake切向进气道进气tangentialductintake进气紊流intaketrubulence进气提前角intakead

20、vanceangle进气持续角intakedurationangle进气迟后角intakelagangle进面值time-areavalue气门升程valvelift气门正时valvetiming扫气口面积scavengingportarea菌形气门mashroomvalve,poppetvalve钠冷却气门sodiumfilledvalve(natriumcooledvalve)双气门dualvalve进气门intakevalve(suctionvalve,inletvalve)排气门exhaustvalve顶置气门overheadvalve侧置气门distributorfuelinject

21、ionpump多缸燃油喷射泵multicylinderfuelinjectionpump框架安装式燃油喷射泵cradlemountedinjectionpump喷油始点fuelinjectionbeginning喷油终点fuelinjectionend喷油持续角fuelinjectiondurationangle喷油延迟injectiondelay引燃喷射pilotinjection启喷压力injectionstartingpressure峰值喷油扭矩peakinjectiontorque峰值喷油压力peakinjectionpressure喷油泵油缸数目numberofcylindersof

22、aninjectionpump无气喷射solidinjection喷射正时injectiontiming集中喷射groupinjection喷油器injector整体式喷油器unitinjector喷嘴nozzle轴针式喷嘴pintletypenozzle环槽式喷嘴annularslotnozzle孔式喷嘴holetypenozzle长杆喷嘴longstemnozzle孔板式喷嘴orificeplatenozzle开式喷嘴opennozzle闭式喷嘴closednozzle喷油提前器timingadvanceunit喷射泵壳体injectionpumphousing喷嘴锥体nozzlehole

23、cone柱塞plunger柱塞套barrel柱塞行程plungerstroke喷孔sprayorifice燃油滤清器fuelfilter增压器supercharger增压装置superchargingdevice涡轮增压器turbo-charger机械增压mechanicalsupercharging涡轮增压turbo-charging增压比superchargeratio增压压力boostpressure增压中冷inter-cooling中冷度inter-coolinglevel增压度supercharginglevelelectronicindicator燃烧分析仪combustionan

24、alyzer压力传感器pressuretransducer精密声级计precisionsoundlevelmeter排放emission排放物emission排气污染物gaseouspollutant蒸发排放物evaporativeemission曲轴箱排放物crankcaseemission漏气blowbygas氨氧化物oxidsofnitrogen一气化碳carbonmonoxide碳氢化合物hydrocarbon甲烷methane无甲烷碳氢化合物non-methanehydrocarbons光化学活性碳氢化合物photochemicallyreactivehydrocarbons微粒物p

25、articulatedmatter黑烟blacksmoke蓝烟bluesmoke白烟whitesmoke碳烟soot光化学烟雾smog臭味odor丙烷propane排放浓度concentrationofemission排气烟度exhaustsmoke先期排气initialexhaust亚临界排气subcriticalexhaust超临界排气supercriticalexhaust强制排气forcedexhaust自由排气freeexhaust排气提前角exhaustadvanceangle排气迟后角exhaustlagangle排气热损失exhaustheatloss排气净化exhaustpu

26、rification排气背压exhaustbackpressure残余废气residualgas排气有害成分poisonousexhaustcomposition柴油机排烟dieselsmoke综合排放浓度compositeconcentrationofexhaustemission空燃比反馈控制系统air-fuelratiofeedbackcontrolsystem理论配比stoichiometric高效带window氧传感器oxygensensor稀混合气leanmixture浓混合气richmixture分层充气stratifiedcharge温度补偿temperaturecompens

27、ating温度传感器temperaturesensor压力传感器pressuresensor位置传感器positionsensor转速传感器speedsensor机械磨损mechanicalwear化学磨损chemicalwear热磨损thermicwear疲劳磨损fatiguewear腐蚀性磨损corrosionwear故障磨损failurewear故障malfunctioning断裂breakdown损坏damage更换（零件）replacing擦伤scratching刮伤scoring摩托车motorcycle轻便摩托车moped轿车passengercar微型轿车minicar普通级轿

28、车subcompactcar中级轿车compactcar中高级轿车intermediatecar高级轿车limousine(pullmansaloon)活顶轿车convertiblesaloon旅行轿车stationwagon短头轿车forwardcontrolpassengercar小型轿车coupe敞蓬小轿车dropheadcoupe跑车sportscar赛车racer(racingcar)单座小客车one-seater七座小客车seven-seater越野车off-roadvehicle轻型越野车light-off-roadvehicle中型越野车mediumoff-roadvehicl

29、e重型越野车heavyoff-roadvehicle超重型越野车extraheavyoff-roadvehicle吉普车jeep硬顶吉普车hardtopjeep客车bus微型客车minibus轻型客车lightbus中型客车mediumbus大型客车largebus客货两用小客车estatecar(estate)多用途客车multipurposevehicle厢式小客车closedcar出租小客车taxicar城市客车urbanbus大客车coach城间大客车intercitybus长途大客车longdistancecoach旅游客车sightseeingbus(touringbus)铰接客车

30、articulatedbus无轨客车trolleybus双层客车double-deckbus团体客车privatecoach货车truck(lorry)微型货车mini-truck轻型货车lighttruck中型货车mediumtruck重型货车heavytruck公路货车highwayvehicle小型货车pick-up平板货车platformtruck(flatbedtruck)通用货车general-purposevehicle短轴距货车short-wheelbasetruck长轴距货车long-wheelbasetruck集装箱运输货车containercarrier客货两用车carg

31、o-bus厢式货车van牵引汽车towingvehicle全挂牵引汽车towingvehicle牵杆式牵引车full-trailertowingvehicle半挂牵引车semi-trailertowingvehicle道路列车roadtrain客用道路列车passengerroadtrain铰接式道路列车articulatedroadtrain双挂式道路列车doubleroadtrain混合式道路列车compositeroadtrain天然气车辆naturalgasvehicle(NGV)压缩天然气车辆compressednaturalgasvehicle液化天然气车辆liquidpetrol

32、eumgasvehicle液化石油气车辆liquidpetroleumgasvehicle双燃料车辆duelfuelvehicle单燃料车辆singlefuelvehicle专用车specialvehicle垃圾车dustcar(refusecollector)冷藏车refrigeratedvan洒水车streetsprinkler(streetflusher)囚车prisonvan殡仪车hearse售货车mobilestore(mobileshop)图书馆车mobilelibrary宣传车mobilelouderspeaker商业广告车spieltruck展览汽车demonstrationc

33、ar博览会专用车fairgroundvehicle流动艺术展览车artmobile邮政车mobilepostoffice运油车fueltanker加油车refueller飞机牵引车aircrafttractor救护车ambulance(medicalvehicle)病院汽车cliniccar医疗急救车rescueambulanceX射线诊断车mobile-x-rayclinic防疫监测车mobileepidemiccontrolvehicle计划生育车mobilefamily-planningclinic伤残者运送车handicappedpersoncarrier炊事车kitchenvehic

34、le餐车mobilecanteen沐浴车mobileshowerbath保温车insulatedvan电视转播车TVrelayingvehicle电视录像车videorecordingvehicle摄影车mobilephotographicstudio电影放映车filmprojectionvehicle邮件运输车mailcarrier农用车farmvehicle种子检测车plantseedsinspectionvan植物保护车plantpestcontrolvehicle计量检测车metrologyinspectionvehicle环境检测车mobileenvironmentmonitor畜禽

35、防疫车mobileanimaleqidemiccontrol交通监理车trafficcontrolcar刑事勘察车mobilecrimeinvestigationvehicle气卸散装水泥车bulk-cementpneumaticdeliverytanker气卸散装煤粉车bulk-coalpowderpneumaticdeliverytanker气卸散装电石粉车bulk-calciumcarbidepneumaticdeliverytanker气卸散装化学粉粒车bulk-chemicalspneumaticdeliverytanker食用植物油运油汽车edibleoiltanker食用植物油加

36、油车edibleoilpumpdeliverytanker活鱼运输车lifefishcarrier气卸散装面粉车bulk-flourpneumaticdeliverytanker吸尘车vacuumsweeper高压清洗车high-pressuresewerflushingvehiclechartofautomotivemodel后驱动汽车reardriveautomobile前驱动汽车前轮距trackfront后轮距trackrear双胎间距spacebetweentwinwheels前悬frontoverhang后悬rearoverhang离地间隙groundclearance纵向通过角rampangle接近角approachangle离出角departureangle车架高度heightofchassisaboveground驾驶室后车架最大可用长度maximumusablelengthofchassisbehindcab车身长度货厢容积loadingsurface门高doorheight门宽doorwidth车架有效长度chassisframeusefullength比功率power/massratio比扭矩torque/maximumtotalmassratio-