(文末附答案)高中英语虚拟语气知识点梳理.docx
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1、(文末附答案)高中英语虚拟语气知识点梳理单项选择题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、 She looks as if she ten years younger.A . isB . wasC . wereD . had been2、If s recommended that you to bed on time.A . goingB . goC . to goD . don t go3、 If there were not so many new words, the text much easier.A . will beB . would have beenC . could ha
2、ve beenD . would be4、None of these efforts today had it not been for the past 50-years of NASA efforts.A would existB . would have existedC . existedD . had existed5、The people trapped in the ruins that rescue teams here without delay.A . desire; are sentB . desiring; were sentC . desire; be sentD .
3、 desiring; be sent6、Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A . not allowB . do not allowC . mustn1 t allowD . couldn1 t allow7、You could come back by Friday today, which can ensure your presence at my birthday party.A . should you start offB . did yo
4、u start offC . had you started offD . would you start off8、 It is suggested that the bridge.A . would beB . will beC . has beenD . had been69、I requested that he an hour earlier.A . cameB . comesC . will comeD . should come70、 But for his determination to stick it out, he it as a top-ranked player i
5、n tennis.A . shouldnt have madeB . could makeC . wouldnt have madeD . wouldnt make10(文末附答案)高中英语虚拟语气_009参考答案I、答案:c解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:她看起来好像年轻了十岁。分析句子,此处为虚拟语气,她看起来年轻十岁与现在事实 相反,主句用一般过去时,be动词都用were,应选C项。2、答案:B解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:建议你按时睡觉。句型t s recommended that+虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用should+动 词原形,should可以省略。应选B。3、答案:D解析:考查虚拟语气。句
6、意:如果没有这么多新单词的话,这篇文章将会简单得多。分析可知,句子为虚拟条件句, 表示对现在情况的虚拟,条件句用一般过去时,主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形,D选项符合题 意。应选D项。4、答案:A解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:过去的50年,如果没有航天局的努力,今天这些成就都不会发生。分析可知,本句为 错综条件句的虚拟语气。根据句中“ had it not been for the past 50-years of NASA efforts”可知,这是省略了 if的虚拟条件句式,从句表示和过去事实相反,使用了 had done的的句式,结合主句中today可知,主
7、句和现 在事实相反,所以用would do,结合选项,选项A符合题意,应选A。5、答案:C11解析: 考查主谓一致和虚拟语气。句意:被困在废墟中的人们希望立即派救援队到这里来。第一空主语为people,时 态为一般现在时,故谓语动词用原形desire ;第二空desire(要求)后接that从句时,其谓语通常用(should) + 动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式,should可以省略,且team与send构成被动关系,故第二空应填be sent。应选Co6、答案:A解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:老师建议家长为了平安起见,不要让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。recommend后的 宾语从句中的谓语动词
8、需要用虚拟语气,结构为“should +动词原形”,should可以省略。故A项正确。小提示:在表示建议、要求、命令、坚持、想法等词后的宾语从句中要用(should)do的虚拟语气,其中should可以省略, 常见的这类词有 advise, suggest, recommend, demand, order, require, insist, propose, agree, decide 等。 如, The doctor suggested that she (should) take care of herself.7、答案:A解析:考查虚拟语气中的倒装。句意:如果你今天出发,你可以在星期五
9、回来,这样可以确保你参加我的生日聚会。此题考查虚拟语气中的倒装,逗号之前假设使用if引导的虚拟条件句,那么为:You could come back by Friday if you should start off todayo在虚拟条件状语从句中如果有were, should, had这三个词,可以将if省略,将它们 放在虚拟条件句的主语之前,变成were, should, had +主语的形式。应选Ao小提示: 虚拟语气中的倒装12当虚拟条件句中含有were, had, should时,可以将if省略,将它们放在虚拟条件句的主语之前,变成were, should, had +主语的形式:
10、1) If he should fail, he would kill himself. Should he fail, he would kill himself.万一失败,他就会自杀。2) If I were you, I would do it at once.Were I you, I would do it at once.假假设我是你,我就会马上做。3) If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you a
11、bout it.他昨天要是看到了你,他就会问你这事了。本小题考查虚拟语气中的倒装,属于以上解析的第二种情况。逗号之前假设使用if引导的虚拟条件句,那么为:You could come back by Friday if you should start off todayo 在虚拟条件状语从句中如果有 were, should, had 这三 个词,可以将if省略,将它们放在虚拟条件句的主语之前,变成were, should, had +主语的形式,即为虚拟语 气中的倒装。应选A。8、答案:B解析:考查虚拟语气和语态。句意:有人建议这座桥应该被重建。It is suggested that这个
12、句型中,that从句应该使用 should +动词原形,should可以被省略的虚拟语气。“桥”和“重建”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,应选B。9、答案:C解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是你的帮助,我就不会按时完成这项工作了。我真不知道该怎么感谢你才好。此处 But for “要不是”,相当于if引导的虚拟语气,与过去的事实相反,所以主语局部应该是13would/might/could+have done 结构。应选 Co10、答案:D解析:考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意:我建议你集中精力学习而不是整天玩电脑游戏。第一空recommend表示 建议,所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构
13、为:(should) +原形动词,should可省略;第二空 作介词of的宾语,应用动名词形式。应选Do11、答案:C解析:考查虚拟倒装。句意:一你错过了那场精彩的演讲,真是太遗憾了 !一非常抱歉,要是我以前的同事没有突然 来找我就好了。根据句意可知,此处是对过去的虚拟,从句用过去完成时,谓语动词是had, if可以省略,但 是要用倒装语序。应选Co12、答案:C解析:考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:汤姆坚持说他说的是真的,我们坚持要求他去看一看。第一个insist引导宾语从 句,意为“坚持认为”,用陈述语气,宾语从句的时态根据主句而定,根据主句的insisted可知,时态为过去 时,所以用was
14、;第二个insist引导宾语从句,意为“坚持要求”,需用虚拟语气。insist that sb (should) do, 其中should可以省略,所以动词用原形g。应选C。13、答案:B解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:有人要求就这个问题举行一次讲座。request表示“要求”时引导的that从句中,要用 虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形,其中should可以省略,主句中的时态不限。应选B。14小提示: 后接虚拟语气的常见词在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, req
15、uest, order, prefer, propose, recommend等表示“命令,决定,建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词弓I导的that从句中,要 用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形,其中should可以省略,主句中的时态不限。例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once.She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.4) 类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fittin
16、g, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词;decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等 名词。其后引导的that从句均用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形,其中should可以省略,主 句中的时态不限。例如:It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.Their decision was that the school remain
17、 closed.3)请注意,当这些词语不是用于表示“命令,决定,建议”的含义时,所引导从句不用虚拟语气。14、答案:D解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:有这么多数码设备,我们的生活真是太奇妙了。是的。我打赌如果没有它们, 我们的生活就不一样了。由without判断此处是含蓄虚拟语气,且与现在的事实相反,故用would + do/be, 应选D项。小提示: 本句考查含蓄虚拟语气15含蓄虚拟语气里常会出现without, but for, otherwise, were if not for等词,例如:Without your help, I couldnt have passed the driving
18、 test yesterday.没有你的帮助,我就不可能通过昨天的驾考。Thanks for your advice, otherwise I wouldnt have lost weight successfully.多亏了你的建议,否那么我就不会成功 减肥了。15、答案:B解析:考查语态和虚拟语气。句意:教授要求所有的论文在1月10日前交上来。essays与hand in之间是被动关系, 应该用被动语态,demand后的宾语从句应该用should do的虚拟语气,should可以省略,故B项正确。小提示:注意在表示建议、要求、命令以及坚持等词后的宾语从句中要用should+动词的虚拟语气,
19、其中should可以省 略。16、答案:D解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果任其开展,这个地方会开展成一个繁荣的文明社区。此句为隐含条件虚拟语气,且 与过去事实相反,所以主句用would/could/should/might + have doneo would表示“将会,should表示“应当”。应选D。17、答案:A解析:考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意:谈到死亡,文森特梵高可能被其他人杀害,因为他的伤口并不意味着自杀,而阿尔伯特爱因斯坦本应该活得更长,但他拒绝接受手术。A. may have been killed; should have lived可能被其他人杀害,本应该活得更长;B. sh
20、ould have been killed; should have lived本应该被其他人杀害,本应该活16得更长;C. may have been killed; must have lived 可能被其他人杀害,一定活了很长;D. should have been killed: must have lived本应该被其他人杀害,一定活了很长。结合句意,may have done表示对发生过的事情 的推测,should have done本应该做某事,实际未做,符合句意。应选A项。18、答案:C解析:考查状语从句的附属连词。句意:要是我有更多钱就好了,我就可以买一辆车。A. Only
21、if只有,除非;B. If ever如果曾经有;C. If only要是就好了 ; D. Even if尽管。分析句子可知,此处是与现在事实相反的虚拟语 气,再结合句意可知,此处用if only “要是就好了”符合语境和语法要求,应选C项。19、答案:A解析:考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:她唯一的要求就是房间用完后要清扫。request表示“要求”所接的that引 导的同位语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should) +原形动词,should可省略,从句中主语 room与clean构成被动关系,应用被动语态。应选A。20、答案:D解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:国庆70周年阅兵式真是令
22、人印象深刻。当然,要是我在现场就好了。此处考 查对过去的虚拟,用if only sb. had done sth.,应选D项。小提示:此题考查if only (要是就好了)引导的状语从句中的虚拟语气,虚拟语气一般有三种情况:与现在事实相反 用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时;与将来事实相反用过去将来时。例如If only I had tried my best years ago。要是我几年前尽全力就好了。17If only I were in china at present.要是我现在在中国就好了。21、答案:A解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是因为他渴望迎接新的挑战,他就不会实现他
23、的潜能。分析句子结构可知,本句 考查if引导的条件句的虚拟,省略if倒装的情况,根据语法规那么可知,从句中谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓 语动词应用would have done ;分析本句可知,空格处应为主句谓语局部且表示对过去情况的虚拟。应选A。22、答案:B解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:要是Kathy没有及时接我,我现在就不会在看绿皮书了。此处是描述的与过去事实 相反的假设,从句应谓语动词使用过去完成时;当虚拟条件句中有had (助动词)/should/were时,可以省略 if,将had (助动词)/should/were提前,构成倒装结构。故B选项正确。小提示:虚拟条件句往往指不能实现或纯
24、假想的情况,可以对过去、现在或将来进行假想。虚拟语气的本质就是对根本不可能的情况发生假设。我们可以记住这样一个原那么,即把时态向过去推一格。一、对现在情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式,主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式,表示对现在不可能 实现情况的假想。If I were you, I would choose to work in a small town,如果我是你,我会选择在小城镇工作。(事实上我不是你)If I had a map now, we could easily get out of the forest.如果现在有地图,我们能很
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