2017陕西中考形容词和副词(共7页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上中考形容词和副词专项一、冠词知识梳理冠词是一种虚词。没有词义，没有数和格的变化，不能单独使用。它位于名词前面，只能帮助名词或起名词作用的其它词说明其意义。习惯上人们把冠词分为不定冠词(aan)和定冠词(the)两种。根据对冠词部分全国各地中考试题的分析可知，今后该部分考点主要分布在单项选择、完形填空和短文改错三大题型之中。冠词和数词部分主要考查的有：1、 不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词的基本用法。2、 冠词常见的习惯搭配用法。3、 部分物质名词抽象名词具体化之后的冠词用法。4、 冠词的位置二、不定冠词用法1不定冠词a用于_音素开头的单词前，an用于_音素开头的单词前。用于单

2、词可数名词前，表示一类人或物或首次提及的人或物【考例】 Don't talk to Simon like that. He is only _eleven-year-old boy. 南京市A. a B. an C. the D. /【考例】The new D-type trains can run at speeds of 200 to 250 kilometres _hour. The trip from Shanghai to Beijing only takes 10 hours now. 哈尔滨市 【考例】He is _university student and he co

3、mes from _island in England. 广东省A. an; an B. an; a C. a; an D. a; a【考例】_honest boy一个诚实的男孩) _ 800-word composition(一篇800字的作文) _ university(一所大学) _European country(一个欧洲国家)2不定冠词aan用于单数可数名词前，表_，说明事物的种类或类属。它往往含有“一”的意思，但侧重说明“种类”，而不强调数量。【考例】Harry Potter is _interesting story and we a11 like it北京市A a B an C

4、 the D不填【考例】-Do you know Taiwan，Jenny?一Yes，of courseTaiwan is _islandIt belongs to China福州市A a B an C the D不填【考例】-Why did you laugh just now? -Ted wanted to tell us _very funny story, but he forgot _end himself. 河南省A. a; an B. the; the C. the; a D. a; the3. 不定冠词用在时间、价格、速度、比率等名词前面，表示“每一”的意思，相当于every。

5、 【考例】Take the medicine three times_day. You will feel much better.A a B an C the D不填4.不定冠词可以用在某些数目的表示法中。_（一双，副）; _/_（许多）_（一千）5.构成的固定搭配a moment ago_; after a while_; once a while_; once upon a time_; three meals a day_; all of a sudden_; as a result_; as a matter of fact

6、 catch a cold_; do a good deed_; go out for a walk_; make a living_; make an effort_; leave a message _; keep an eye on_三、定冠词用法1定冠词the表“_”的单数可数名词、复数名词或不可数名词前，指前面已经提到或说话双方都能体会到或明了的人或事物，或有一定语境明确地限制其范围或确定其为某一具体的人或事物。【考例】Do you know _ university student who is talking with Joe?    Yes, sh

7、es my cousin, Kate. （四川成都） A. a       B. an     C. the      D. /2定冠词the用于单数可数名词前，从整体上表示一类人或事物。【考例】_was invented by Chinese Cultures ago. 黄冈AThe telephone BThe car CThe clock DThe abacus3定冠词用于形容词、副词最高级或序数词前。但当序数词不表顺序，而表示“

8、再一”、“又一”时，使用不定冠词。【考例】Can you give me_second chance ? Yes，though failed many times.浙江 A. a       B. an     C. the      D. /4姓氏的复数前加定冠词表示“一家人”。 【考例】 The Smiths _ having supper when I got there.A.is B.are C.was D.were5用在_和_

9、前6. 表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前要用定冠词；也用于指自然现象或表示方位的名词前.【考例】The earth _ around the sun.Amove B .moves C. moves Dmoving7. 在西洋乐器的名称前，常用play搭配，要用定冠词8. 用于“in +逢十的复数数词”中的复数名词之前常加定冠词，指世纪中的几十年代。在某人多少岁时，常用in one's 基数词复数。【考例】The story of "The Gold Rush" happened in_1850s。A a B an C the D不填9. the+_ 表示一类人或者物

10、。四、零冠词用法1. _、_以及_前通常使用-零冠词。如play football/basketball/tennis/chess/bridge2. 季节、月份、星期、节日前一般不加冠词。如Trees turn green in spring.3描述交通方式时，不用冠词。如：by train，air, bus, boat, sea, bike 4可数名词前已有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格等修饰时不用冠词。随堂练习1There is _ report in todays newspaper. Its about the International Film Festival, Sha

11、nghai. A. a  B. an  C. the D. /2Haikou, capital of Hainan Province, is pretty city. A. a; a B. the; the C. the; a D. a; the3- Mum, where is my CD player? - Its in white bag on your desk. A. aB. an C. theD. 不填4- Have you seen _ mobile phone? I left it here just now.- No, I haven&#

12、39; t. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填5Mr Smith always gives me _ hand when I am in trouble. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填6This is song Ive told you about. Isnt it beautiful one? Athe /theBa/a Cthe /aDa /the7Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A. a；theB.

13、 the；the C. the；aD. a；a8_ woman over there is _ popular teacher in our school. A , an B. The, a C. The, the D. A, the9The cartoon "Mulan" is_ interesting film and_ story happened in China. A. a, the       B. an, the    C. the, a &

14、#160;    D. an, a 10They had _ wonderful train ride to Chengdu before they went on to _ Mount Emei by bus. A. a; the      B. /; the     C. a; /       D. the; a五、数词知识梳理中考对数词的考查主要有以下四点：1. 基数词和序数词的构

15、成和用法；2. 日期、时间、年龄、编号等的用法；3. 分数的表达；4. hundred, thousand, million, billion在具体语言环境中的运用。六、基数词-指表示数目多少的词1. 读写 (1)112单独记：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve. (2)1319词尾为_：thirteen, fourteen, fifteen. (3)20,30,40等逢十的单词词尾为_：twenty, thirty, forty. (4)2199(不包括逢十的单词)在十位和个位之间

16、加连词符“_”构成。如：37 thirty­seven (5)101999先说几百，再加_，再加末尾两位数(或末位数)。如：157 one hundred and fifty­seven2. 用法 (1)表示数量的多少。 (2)表示年份。1988读作_ (3)表示时刻。830读作_ 305读作_ 548读作_(4)表示顺序。单数名词基数词，名词的第一个字母通常要大写。如：Class Two, Room 1208(5)“数词单数名词”相当于形容词.如： a_ girl。合成形容词中的名词一定是单数。 (6)“几十”的基数词复数形式可用来表示某人约几十岁或年代。如：_ , he

17、 rode a bike round the world.在他六十多岁的时候(7)与another，more连用时，表示在已有基础上再增加一定数量。如：_另外三小时【考例】(滨州)Now, everybody, please turn to Page _ and look at the _ picture.A. Fifth; five B. Five; fifth C. Fifth; fifth D. Five; five(2009杭州)【考例】（成都）It is five years since we began to enjoy a _ spring holiday each year.A

18、. tenday B. tenday C. ten days D. ten days 【考例】The road is over _ metres long济南 Asix hundred and fifty-two Bsix hundreds and fifty-two Csix hundred，fifty-two Dsix hundred，fifty and two 七、序数词-指表示顺序的词第一-第十第十一-第十九第二十以上，整十2用法 (1)表示顺序，其前须用定冠词_，后接单数名词.如序数词前出现人称代词，则不加the。 如：Today is my thirtieth birthday.

19、(2)用于最高级前。 如：John is the second tallest boy in our class.八、分数的表达1.分子用_，分母用_。分子为1，分母用_，分子大于1，分母用_。 一些习惯用法：1/4也可表示为a quarter, 3/4也可表示为three quarters, 1/2也可表示为a half2.带分数的词组作句子的主语时，谓语动词的单复数与分数后的_保持一致。【考例】Two fifths of the apple_ eaten. Two fifths of the apples_ red.【考例】About _of the students in our sch

20、ool are hoys常德Athird fifths B three fifths Cthree fifth九. hundred, thousand, million, billion等表示数量的名词，要掌握以下几点： (1)表示具体的数字时，这些词用单数。 如：two hundred students (2)表示不确定数字时，这些词用复数of名词复数。 如：millions of students【考例】( )2. There are over _ students in their school. (2011泸州)A. hundreds B. nine hundreds C. hundr

21、eds of D. nine hundred 随堂练习11During World War II, a Jewish (犹太) lady was protected by a local family in Shanghai in her  _. A. fifties B. fifty C. fiftieth D. the fiftieth12-How often are the Olympic Games held？  -_ four years. A. Every      B. Each&

22、#160;       C. In       D. For13Ive read _ sports news about the F1 race today. A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of14_the students in these primary school is about three thousand, _of them are girls.  &#

23、160;  A.A number of; two third  B. The number of; two thirds    C.A number of; two thirds  D .The number of; two third15。The river through our city, which is about _, is clean again. A. 6000 metres long B. 6000-metres-long C. 6000-metre-long D. 6000 metre long16It is re

24、ported that the train accident in India killed _ people. No Chinese was_ them. A. two hundred; among B. two hundreds; amongC. two hundred; between D. two hundreds; between17During the seven-day May Day holiday, families went sightseeing. A. thousand B. thousandsC. thousands and thousands D. thousand

25、s of18What's one fourth and a half, do you know? Yes, it's _. A. two sixths B. three fourths C. one three D. three sixths19_ of the students are girls in our class A. Two three BTwo threes CTwo thirds DSecond three20The doctor worked for _ after twelve o'clock. two more hours B. two anot

26、her hour C. more two hours D. another two hour21.The river through our city, which is about _, is clean again. A. 6000 metres long B. 6000-metres-long C. 6000-metre-long D. 6000 metre long22It is reported that the train accident in India killed _ people. No Chinese was_ them. A. two hundred; among B

27、. two hundreds; amongC. two hundred; between D. two hundreds; between23During the seven-day May Day holiday, families went sightseeing. A. thousand B. thousandsC. thousands and thousands D. thousands of24What's one fourth and a half, do you know? Yes, it's _. A. two sixths B. three fourths C. one three D. three sixths25_ of the students are girls in our class A. Two three BTwo threes CTwo thirds DSecond three26The doctor worked for _ after twelve o'clock. two more hours B. two another hour C. more two hours D. another two hour专心-专注-专业