【培训课件】路由器配置基础.ppt

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1、路由器配置基础 用户界面登录到路由器Router con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.RouterRouterenablePassword:Router#Router#exitRouterRouterlogoutUser mode promptPrivileged mode prompt2021/9/272用户界面使用密码nA line access passwordnA privileged EXEC mode passwordnEncrypted PasswordsIOS提供加密存放密码的服务。2021/9/273用户界面用户方

2、式命令列表DUT?Exec commands:Session number to resume access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry access-profile Apply user-profile to interface attach attach to system component clear Reset functions connect Open a terminal connection disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an e

3、xisting network connection enable Turn on privileged commands exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system lock Lock the terminal login Log in as a particular user logout Exit from the EXEC mls exec mls router commands mrinfo Request neighbor and version information from a

4、 multicast router mstat Show statistics after multiple multicast traceroutes mtrace Trace reverse multicast path from destination to source name-connection Name an existing network connection pad Open a X.29 PAD connection-More-2021/9/274用户界面上下文相关帮助DUTshow bootfDUTshow bootflash:?all show all possib

5、le flash info chips show flash chip information filesys Show file system information|Output modifiers DUTshow bootflash:2021/9/275用户界面使用编辑命令n 移动到命令行开头n 移动到命令行结束n 移动到上一个词开始n 移动到前一个字符n 移动到下一个字符n 移动到下一个词2021/9/276用户界面命令历史纪录Router#show history show history enable terminal hisitory size 10 terminal no ed

6、iting terminal editingRouter#or UP arrow 上一个命令 or Down arrow 下一个命令2021/9/277检查路由器状态Internetwork Operating SystemProgramDynamicConfigurationInformationTableAndBuffersOperatingSystemsBackupConfigurationFileINTERFACEsRouter#show versionRouter#show startup-conifgRouter#show interfacesRouter#show process

7、es CPU Router#show protocolsRouter#show running-configRouter#show memRouter#show ip routeRouter#show flash2021/9/278检查路由器状态n show version显示系统的硬件配置，软件版本，配置文件的源和名字，以及启动镜像。n show processes显示当前活动进程。n show protocols显示已经配置的协议。n show memory显示路由器的内存信息n show ip route显示路由表n show flash显示闪存设备的信息n show running-c

8、onfig显示当前活动配置n show startup-config显示备份配置文件n show interfaces显示已经配置的界面属性2021/9/279载入配置文件RAMNVRAM configure terminal1 copy startup-config running-config2 copy tftp running-conifg3Console orTerminalTFTP Server copy tftp startup-config42021/9/2710载入配置配置文件n configure terminal从终端执行配置命令n copy tftp running-c

9、onfig从tftp服务器将配置复制到RAM中n copy tftp startup-config从tftp服务器将配置复制到NVRAM中n copy startup-config running-config从NVRAM将配置文件从NVRAM中复制到RAM2021/9/2711载入配置文件TFTP ServerRAMRouter#copy tftp running-configHost or network configuration file host?IP address of remote host 255.255.255.255?131.108.2.155Name of config

10、uration file Router-config?P1R1.2Booting P1R1.2 from 131.108.2.155:!OK 874/16000 bytesP1R1#2021/9/2712基本的路由器配置任务RouterenableRouterconfiguration terminalRouter(config)#User EXEC ModePrivieged EXEC ModeGlobal configuration modeCtrl-Z(end)ExitConfiguration modeRouter PortInterfaceRouter(config-if)#Subi

11、nterfaceRouter(config-subif)#ControllerRouter(config-controller)#LineRouter(config-line)#RouterRouter(config-router)#IPX-RouterRouter(config-ipx-router)#Router-mapRouter(config-route-map)#2021/9/2713基本的路由器配置任务nInterface mode支持对一个界面进行配置的命令nSubinterface mode支持对一个物理界面上的虚电路进行配置。nController mode支持配置通道化的T

12、1nLine mode支持配置终端线nRouter mode配置IP路由协议nIPX-Router mode支持配置novell网络层协议nRouter-map mode支持配置路由表（策略路由）2021/9/2714基本的路由器配置任务佩路由器身份信息Router(config)#hostname P1R1P1R1#Router NameP1R1(config)#banner motd#You have entered a secured system.Autherized access only!#Message-of-the-Day BannerP1R1(config)#interfac

13、e ethernet 0P1R1(config-if)#description Engineering LAN,Blad.182021/9/2715基本的路由器配置任务密码设定n主控台密码 line console 0 password abcn虚拟终端密码 line vty 0 4 password abcn特权模式密码 enable secret abc2021/9/2716基本的路由器配置任务配置和管理界面n interface command interface serial 0 interface ethernet 1 interface ethernet 1/0 interface

14、 ethernet 1/0/0n show interface command show interface ethernet 02021/9/2717基本的路由器配置任务确认界面状态nOperational Serial1 is up,line protocol is upnConnection Problem Serial1 is up,line protocol is downnInterface Problem Serial1 is down,line protocol is downnDisable Serial1 is administratively down,line prot

15、ocol is down2021/9/2718基本的路由器配置任务禁用一个界面n shutdown禁用一个界面n no shutdown起用一个界面2021/9/2719基本的路由器配置任务保存配置n write memoryn copy running-config startup-confign copy running-config tftp2021/9/2720基本的路由器配置任务管理配置环境Router#configure terminalRouter(config)#boot system flash c2500-js-1Router#copy running-config sta

16、rtup-configFlashRouter#configure terminalRouter(config)#boot system tftp test.exe 172.16.13.111Router#copy running-config startup-configNetworkRouter#configure terminalRouter(config)#boot system romRouter#copy running-config startup-configROM2021/9/2721基本的路由器配置任务密码恢复n在路由器启动过程中 Breakn更改过程rommonconfre

17、gDo you wish to change the configuration?y/nn:yEnable“ignore system config info”?y/nn:yChange the boot characteristics?y/nn:yEnter to boot:2Do you wish to change the configuration?y/nn:nrommonresetWould you like to enter the initial dialog?yes:no enable configure memory 改密码 configure register 0 x210

18、22021/9/2722基本的路由器配置任务备份IOSn copy flash tftp2021/9/2723基本的路由器配置任务升级IOSn copy tftp flash2021/9/2724基本的路由器配置任务使用setup进行快速设置n setup2021/9/2725发现和访问其他Cisco设备nCisco Discovery ProtocolCisco的特有协议，使得网络管理员能够发现相邻设备的平台和协议。n信息包括：设备标识：如主机名及域名地址列表：至少包含一个用于snmp协议。端口标识：ethernet 0,serial 0性能列表版本平台2021/9/2726发现和访问其他Cisco设备nRouter(config)#cdp run启动CDP服务nRouter(config-if)#no cdp enable在某个界面禁止使用CDPnRouter(config)#cdp timer 30多长时间发送一个CDP包nRouter(config)#cdp holdtime 90多长时间没有收到CDP包就认为该设备已经停止使用。2021/9/2727发现和访问其他Cisco设备n show cdp neighbors2021/9/2728