2018年全国卷Ⅰ英语高考真题(含答案).pdf

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1、2018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)20182018 年全国卷年全国卷英语高考真题英语高考真题(含答案含答案)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快 业绩进步，以下为 2018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)的全部内容。12018 年全国卷

2、英语高考真题(含答案)绝密启用前绝密启用前20182018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 I I 卷卷英英 语语（考试时间：120 分钟试卷满分:150 分)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号.回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.第一部分第一部分听力（共两节听力（共两节,满分满分 3030 分）分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分

3、钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1。5 分,满分 7。5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍.例：How much is the shirt?A。19。15。C.9。15.B.9。18。答案是 C。1。What will James do tomorrow?A。Watch a TV program.B。Give a talk。C.Write a report。2.What can we say about the

4、 woman?A。Shes generous.B.Shes curious。22018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)C.Shes helpful.3.When does the train leave?A。At 6：30.B。At 8：30.C.At 10：30.4.How does the woman go to work?A.By car.B.On foot.C。By bike.5。What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.student。B.TeacherandC.Doctor and pat

5、ient.第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1。5 分,满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题.6.What does the woman regret？A。Giving up her research.B.Dropping out of college.C.Changing her major.7。What is the woman intereste

6、d in studying now？A.Ecology.C。Chemistry.B.Education.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8。What is the man？A.A hotel manager.B。A tour guide。C.A taxi driver.32018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)9.What is the man doing for the woman？A。Looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.Offering information about a hotel.听第

7、 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题.10.Where does the conversation probably take place?A。In an office.C。At a restaurant.11。What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A。Go to a concert.C。Work extra hours.12。Who is Alice going to call?A.Mike。C。Catherine.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13.Why does the woman meet the man?A.To

8、look at an apartment。B.To deliver some furniture.C。To have a meal together.14.What does the woman like about the carpet?A。Its color。C。Its quality。15。What does the man say about the kitchen?A。Its a good size。painted。C.Its adequately equipped.16.What will the woman probably do next?B.At homeB。Visit a

9、friend。B。Joan。B.Its design.B。Itsnewly42018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)A。Go downtown.C。Make payment。B.Talk with her friend.听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。17.Who is the speaker probably talking to?A。Movie fans。B。News reporters。C。College students。18.When did the speaker take English classes？A。Before he left his hometown。

10、B.After he came to America。C.When he was 15 years old.19。How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A。Hes proud.sympathetic。B。HesC。Hes grateful。20。What does the speaker mainly talk about？A。How education shaped his life。B.How his language skills improved.C。How he managed his business well。第二部分第二部分阅读

11、理解阅读理解(共两节共两节,满分满分 4040 分）分）第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项.A A Washington,D.C.Bicycle Tours Washington,D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way

12、to see a worldfamouscherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D.C.Your guide will52018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments wheretheyblossom。Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-thecherryblossoms-disappear！Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourWash

13、ington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration：3 hours（4 miles）Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monumentsinWashington,D。C。ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNational Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.Guided tour includes bike,helmet，cookies and

14、bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon,this bike tour is the perfect tour for D。C.newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington，D。C.in ahealthy way with minimum effort。Knowledgeable guides will ente

15、rtainyou with the most,interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials,and parks。Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route（路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing。zxxkWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration：3 hours(7mile

16、s）Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in theheart of Washington，D。C。Get up close to the monuments and memorialsas you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall。Frequentstops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts andhistory.Tour includes bike，he

17、lmet，and bottled water。All ridersare equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21。Which tour do you need to book in advance？62018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)A。Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D。C。D.Washington Cap

18、ital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour。22。What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour？A。Meet famous people。park.C。Visit wellknown museums.stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide？A.City maps.B。Cameras。D.EnjoyinterestingB.GotoanationalC。Meals.D.Safety lights。B BGood Morni

19、ng Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests onthe sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on atight budget.InSave Money:Good Food，she visits a different home each week andwith the help of chef Matt Teb

20、butt offers top tips on how to reduce foodwaste,while preparing recipes forunder 5 per family a day.AndtheGood Morning Britainpresenter says shes been able to put a lot ofwhat shes leant into practice in her own home,preparing meals forsons,Sam，14，Finn，13，and Jack,11。We love Mexican churros,so I buy

21、 them on my phone from my localMexican takeaway restaurant，she explains.I pay 5 for a portion(一72018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)份),but Matt makes themfor 26p a portion，because they areflour，water，sugar and oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimeswere not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselve

22、s。”The eightpart series(系列节目)，Save Money:Good Food，followsin the footsteps of ITVsSave Money:Good Health,which gave viewersadvice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on themarket.With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Mattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachwe

23、ek.IntonightsEasterspecial they come to the aid of a family in need of some deliciousinspiration on a budget.The team transforms the familys long weekendof celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes。24。What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.started a new

24、 programme。C。She dislikes working early in the morning.has had a tight budget for her family.25.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A。He buys cooking materials for her.prepares food for her kids。C。He assists her in cooking matters。invites guest families for her。26。What does the author intend to do in

25、 paragraph 4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs。some advice for the readers。C.Add some background information.B.She hasD.SheB。HeD。HeB。ProvideD.82018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)Introduce a new topic for discussion.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Keeping Fit by Eating SmartBalancing Our Daily Diet

26、C.Making yourself a Perfect ChefWell for LessC CLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but inrecent times there has been less coming and a lot more going。When theworld was still populated by huntergatherers，small，tightly knit(联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech inde

27、pendent of eachother.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago，when theworld had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000languages between them.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecome farmers，and their languages toobecame more settled andfewerinnumber.I

28、nrecentcenturies，trade，industrialisation，thedevelopment of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepast few decades,all have caused many languages to disappear，anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish，SpanishandChineseareincreasing

29、ly taking over.zxxkAt present，the world has about 6，800 languages.The distributionof these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zoneshave relatively few languages,often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only9B。D.Cooking20

30、18 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)around 200 languages;the Americas about 1,000;Africa 2 400；and Asiaand the Pacific perhaps 3，200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accountsfor well over 800。The median number(中位数）of speakers is a mere6,000,which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewerpeople than that

31、.Already well over 400 of the total of，6,800 languages are close toextinction（消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left。Pick,atrandom，Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers）,Chiapaneco inMexico（150），Lipan Apache in the United States（two or three）orWadjigu in Australia（one，with a question-mark)：n

32、one of these seemsto have much chance of survival.28.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times？A.They developed very fast.B。They were large in number。C.They had similar patterns.D。They were closely connected。29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains”dominantunderlinedinparagraph 2?A。Comple

33、x.B。Advanced。C。Powerful。D。Modern。30.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A.About 6,800 B。About 3,400C。About 2，400 D。About 1，20031.What is the main idea of the text?A。New languages will be created。B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages。C.Human development result

34、s in fewer languages.D.Geography determines language evolution.102018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)D DWe may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology atthe first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows thatwe keep using our old devices（装置）well after they go out of style。Thats bad n

35、ews for the environment and our wallets as theseoutdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that dothe same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbittand her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New Yorktracked the environmental cos

36、ts for each product throughout its lifefrom when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device。Thismethod provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since theearly 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation.Desktop computers，basic mobile phones，and boxset TVs defined 1992.Digital

37、 camerasarrived on the scene in 1997.And MP3 players,smart phones,and LCD TVsentered homes in 2002，before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007。As we accumulated more devices，however,we didnt throw out ourold ones。”The living-room television is replaced and gets planted inthe kids room,and suddenl

38、y oneday，you have a TV inevery room ofthe house，said one researcher。The average number of electronicdevices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007。Were notjust keeping these old devices-we continue to use them。According tothe analysis of Babbitts team,old desktop monitors and box TVs wit

39、hcathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumptionand contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放）more than doublingduring the 1992 to 2007 window.112018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)So whats the solution（解决方案）?The teams data only went up to2007，but the researchers also explored what would hap

40、pen if consumersreplaced old products with new electronics that serve more than onefunction，such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.Theyfound that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead ofTVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%。32。What does the auth

41、or think of new devices？A.They are environmentfriendly.They are no better than the old。C.They cost more to use at home。They go out of style quickly。33.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research？A。To reduce the cost of minerals。B.To test the life cycle of a product。C。To update consumers on new techno

42、logy.D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices。34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV。tablet.C.The LCD TV。desktop computer。35。What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices？A.Stop using them。Take them apart。C。Upgrade them.them.12B.D.B.TheD.TheB

43、。D.Recycle2018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.Color is fundamental in home design-something youll always havein every room。A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one ofthe first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in.Do you want a

44、room thats full of life?Professional？Or are you just looking for aplace to relax after a long day?36 ,color is the key to making aroom feel the way you want it to feel.zxxkOver the years,there have been a number of different techniques tohelp designers approach this important point.37,they can get a

45、little complex.But good news is that therere really only three kindsof decisions you need to make about color in your home：the small ones，the medium ones,and the large ones.38。Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows，mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to ourroo

46、ms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive thanbuyingacolorfulsofa，smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinner tables or bookshelves 39。They require a bigger commitmentthan sm

47、aller ones，and they have a more powerful effect on the feelingof a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and floors。Whether youre lookingat wallpaper or paint,thetime，132018 年全国卷英语高考真题(含答案)effort and relative expense put into it are significant.40 .A。While all of t

48、hem are usefulB。Whatever youre looking forC。If youre experimenting with a colorD。Small color choices are the ones were most familiar withE。Its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure，because you want to get it right thefirst timeG。Color choices in this range

49、are a step up from the small ones intwo major ways第三部分第三部分语言知识运用语言知识运用(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4545 分）分）第一节（共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducation department was offering a freecourse,called Thinking Chess,for three

50、credits.I41the idea of taking the class because,afterall,who doesnt want to 42 a few dollars?More than that,Id alwayswanted to learn chess。And,even if I werent43enough about freecredits,news about our44was appealing enough to me。He was aninternational grandmaster,which45I would be learning from one