2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(全国甲卷)含解析.pdf

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1、2021 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国甲卷）英语试题英语试题第一部分第一部分 阅读理解（共两节阅读理解（共两节,满分满分 4040 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分分,满分满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文阅读下列短文,从每图所给的从每图所给的 A A、B B、C C 和和 D D 四个选项中四个选项中,选出最佳选项。选出最佳选项。A AA Take a view,the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award,was the idea of Charlie Waite,one oftoday

2、s most respected landscape photographers.Each year,the high standard of entries has shown that the Awardsare the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirableannual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.It was

3、an extremely cold winters evening and freezing fog hung in the air.Iclimbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a fewMike Shepherd(2011)feet deep,and though it was only a short climb,I found myself completely above it andSkiddaw in WinterSkiddaw in Winterlookin

4、g at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west.I usedCumbria,Englandclassical techniques,translated from my college days spent in the darkroom intoPhotoshop,to achieve the blackandwhite image（图像）.I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.Walking

5、Timothy Smith(2014)Macclesfield ForestMacclesfield ForestCheshire,Englandup a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe.a local high point,I came across asmall clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the freshsnow.The small pine added to the interest and I placed it c

6、entrally to take the view fromthe foreground right through into the forest.1.Who would most probably enter for Take a view?A.Writers.B.Photographers.C.Painters.D.Tourists.2.What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?A.They are winter images.B.They are in black and white.C.They show mount

7、ainous scenes.D.They focus on snowcovered forests.3.Where can the text be found?1A.In a history book.B.In a novel.C.In an art magazine.D.In a biography.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Take a view,the Landscape(风景）Photographer of the Year Award,was the idea

8、 ofCharlie Waite,one of todays most respected landscape photographers.”（Take a view，年度风景摄影师奖是Charlie Waite的主意，他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影师之一）可知摄影师最有可能参加Take a view。故选 B。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Mike Shepherd 部分“It was an extremely cold winters evening and freezing fog hung in theair.（”那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾）和 Timothy S

9、mith部分“I was back in my hometown of Macclesfield to take some winter images.”（我回到我的家乡 Macclesfield 拍摄一些冬季的照片）可知Shepherd 和 Smith 的作品的共同之处是它们都是冬天的景象。故选A。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year,the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfectplatform to showcase the very best photography of

10、the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annualcompetition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.”（每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Take a view是一项令人向往的年度竞赛）结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。故选C。BPort Lympne Reserve,which ru

11、ns a breeding(繁育)programme,has welcomed the arrival of a rare blackrhino calf(犀牛幼崽).When the tiny creature arrived on January 31,she became the 40th black rhino to be born atthe reserve.And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival,especially as black rhinos are knownfor being dif

12、ficult to breed in captivity(圈养).Paul Beer,head of rhino section at Port Lympne,said:“Obviously were all absolutely delighted to welcomeanother calf to our black rhino family.Shes healthy,strong and already eager to play and explore.Her mother,Solio,is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic j

13、ob.Its still a little too cold for them to go out into the open,but as soon as the weather warms up,I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playingevery day.”The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve,but it is too early to tell i

14、f thecalves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.The first rhino to be born at Port2Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg.His mother,grandmother andgreat grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.Accordin

15、g to the World Wildlife Fund,the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500,givingthe rhinos a“critically endangered”status.4.Which of the following best describes the breeding programme?A.Costly.B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.D.Successful.5.What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhin

16、o?A.She loves staying with her mother.C.She is in good condition6.What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have?A.They had their first born in January.C.They lived with their grandmothers.7.What can be inferred about Porn Lympne Reserve?A.The rhino section will be open to the public.B.It aims to

17、control the number of the animals.C.It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.D.Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在Port Lympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。【4 题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第一段“she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve(她成为该保护区出生的

18、第 40 头黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“His mother,grandmother and great grandmother were all born at thereserve and still live there.(他的母亲、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保护区，至今仍住在那里)”可知，保护区的繁育计划使很多黑犀牛成功存活，可推知，这计划是成功的。故选D 项。【5 题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Shes healthy,strong and already eager to play and explore.(她很健康，很强壮，已经渴望玩耍和探索了)”可知，Paul Beer 认为

19、新生的犀牛身体状况很好。故选C 项。【6 题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第一段“When the tinv creature arrived on January 31,she became the 40th black rhino tobe born at the reserve.(1 月 31 日，当这头小犀牛来到保护区时，她成为了第40 头在保护区出生的黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother KisimaB.They enjoyed

20、exploring new placesD.They were brought to the reserve youngB.She dislikes outdoor activities.D.She is sensitive to heat.3and weighed about 32kg.(1 月 5 日，犀牛妈妈 Kisima 分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在 PortLympne，体重约为 32 公斤)”可知，Solio 和 Kisima 的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故选A 项。【7 题详解】推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段“it is too early to tell if

21、the calves will make good candidates to be returned toprotected areas of the wild(要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的好的候选者还为时过早)”可推知，Pon Lympne保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区。故选D 项。CWhen I was 9,we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow,London on a gray Januarymorning.Everyone in the family settled quickly

22、 into the city except me.Without my beloved beaches and endlessbluesky days,I felt at a loss and out of place.Until I made a discovery.Southbank,at an eastern bend in the Thames,is the center of British skateboarding,where the continuouscrashing of skateboards left your head ringing.I loved it.I soo

23、n made friends with the local skaters.We spoke ourown language.And my favorite:Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.It meant dont worry about it.Once,whentrying a certain trick on the beam,I fell onto the stones,damaging a nerve in my hand,and Toby came over,（横杆）helping me up:Safe,man.Safe.A few minu

24、tes later,when I landed the trick,my friends beat their boards loud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”And thats what matteredlanding tricks,being a good skater.When I was 15,my family moved to Washington.I tried skateboarding there,but the locals were far lesswelcoming.Within a couple of years,Id given it u

25、p.When I returned to London in 2004,I found myself wandering down to Southbank,spending hours there.Ivetraveled back several times since,most recently this past spring.The day was cold but clear:tourists and Londonersstopped to watch the skaters.Weavingamong the kids who rushed by on their boards,I

26、found my way to the（穿梭）beam.Then a railthin teenager,in a baggy white Tshirt,skidded（滑）up to the beam.He sat next to me.Heseemed not to notice the man next to him.But soon I caught a few of his glances.“I was a local here 20 years ago,”I told him.Then,slowly,he began to nod his head.“Safe,man.Safe.”

27、“Yeah,”I said.“Safe.”8.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A.He felt disappointed.C.He liked the weather there.B.He gave up his hobby.D.He had disagreements with his family.9.What do the underlined words“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probably mean?A.Be careful!B.Well done!C.No way!D.D

28、ont worry!10.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?4A.To join the skateboarding.C.To learn more tricks.B.To make new friends.D.To relive his childhood days11.What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A.Children should learn a second language.B.Sp

29、ort is necessary for childrens health.C.Children need a sense of belongingD.Seeing the world is a must for children.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【分析】本文属于记叙文。本文讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。【8 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the fami

30、ly settled quickly into the city except me.Without my belovedbeaches and endless blue-sky days,I felt at a loss and out of place.(除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措)”可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选A。【9 题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“And thats what matteredlanding tricks,being a good skater.(那才是

31、真正重要的滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe 是赞美的含义，结合选项，故选B。【10 题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“I was a local here 20 years ago,I told him.Then,slowly,he began to nod his head.“Safe,man.Safe.”(我告诉他：“我 20 年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好！”)”可推知，作者去 Southbank 这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选D。【11 题详解】推理判断题。根据全

32、文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选C。DWho is a genius?This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.5Lets state clearly:Einstein was a genius.His face

33、 is almost the international symbol for genius.But we wantto go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself.Why is it that some people are so much moreintelligent or creative than the rest of us?And who are they?In the sciences and arts,those praised as geniuses were most often white men,

34、of European origin.Perhaps thisis not a surprise.Its said that history is written by the victors,and those victors set the standards for admission tothe genius club.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the clubwomen,or people of a differentcolor or beliefthey were unacknowledged and reje

35、cted by others.A study recently published byScience found that as young as age six,girls are less likely than boys to say thatmembers of their gender(性别)are“really,really smart.”Even worse,the study found that girls act on that belief:Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for chil

36、dren who are“really,really smart.”Can our planetafford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up?It doesnt take a genius to know the answer:absolutely not.Heres the good news.In a wired world with constant global communication,were all positioned to see flashesof genius wherever they

37、 appear.And the more we look,the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender,race,and class do not determine the appearance of genius.As a writer says,future geniuses come from those with“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),and simple good fortune,who are able to change the world.”12.Wh

38、at does the author think of victors standards for joining the genius club?A.Theyre unfair.C.Theyre objective.B.Theyre conservative.D.Theyre strict.13.What can we infer about girls from the study inScience?A.They think themselves smart.B.They look up to great thinkers.C.They see gender differences ea

39、rlier than boys.D.They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs14.Why are more geniuses known to the public?A.Improved global communication.B.Less discrimination against women.C.Acceptance of victors concepts.D.Changes in peoples social positions.15.What is the best title for the text?A.Geniuse

40、s Think AlikeB.Genius Takes Many Forms6C.Genius and Intelligence【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.BD.Genius and Luck【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。【12 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is said that history is written by victors,and those victors set the standards foradmission to the g

41、enius club.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women,or people of adifferent color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.(据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才女性或不同肤色或信仰的人做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不

42、到承认的。故选A。【13 题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse,the study found that girls act on that belief.Around age six they start toavoid activities said to be for children who are“really,really smart.”(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选 D。【14 题详解】

43、细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication,were all positioned to seeflashes of genius wherever they appear.(在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。【15 题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As a writer says,future geniuses come from

44、 those with“intelligence,creativity,perseverance,and simple geniuses,who are able to change the world.”(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知 B 项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分分,满分满分 1010 分）分）根据短文内容根据短文内容,从短文后的选项从短文后的选项 选

45、出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Swap,Dont shop!Swap,Dont shop!You keep hearing about recycling,right?But it doesnt end with bottles,cans,and paper.Clothing takes a hugeamount of natural resourcesto make,and buying loads of new clothingis not（资源）（or throwing out old clothing）7healt

46、hy for the environment.So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-youre-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothes piled on your bedroom floor?_16_.Its the best way to get rid of your used clothes,score clothesfrom your friends,and have a party all at the same time.A successful swap depends on the sele

47、ction of clothes,the organization of the event,and,obviously,howmuch fun is had.Its really easy to do!Here are a few pointers.Invite 510 people so you have a nice selection._17_,and there may not be enough things tochoose from;more than that,and it becomes uncontrollable._18_.They should also prepar

48、e plenty of reusable bags to carry their new clothes home.Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room._19_.Place a few mirrors aroundyour room so people can see how things look when they try them on.One of the ground rules of the swap should bethat everyone must try on the clot

49、hes before they take themthings always look different when you put them on.Set a starting time.Maybe you say“go,”or turn on a certain song,or whatever._20_.And dontforget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remember,its a party!A.Less people than thatB.Hold a clothing swapC.If two people are competin

50、gD.Just keep music playing throughoutE.Donate whatever clothes are left overF.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spotsG.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition【答案】16.B17.A18.G19.F20.D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。【16 题详解】根据上文“So what to do with all those p