全国高等教育自学考试2020年8月英语(二)真题及答案.pdf

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1、2020 年 08 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷英语（二）试卷课程代码 00015本试卷共 8 页。满分 100 分，考试时间 150 分钟。考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。第一部分第一部分:阅读判断阅读判断下面的短文后列出了十个句子，请根据址文的内容对每个句子作出判断下面的短文后列出了十个句子，请根据址文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果读如果读句提供的是正确信息，选择句提供的是正确信息，选择 A A 如果读句提供的是错误信息，选择如果读句提供的是错误信息，选择 B B；如果读句的；如果读句的信息文中没有提及，选择信

2、息文中没有提及，选择 C C。Bicycle CommutingBicycle CommutingI may not be a movie star,best-selling author，or millionaire when I grow up，but one thingI will be known for，at least locally，is commuting by bicycle.Is sad to see how few people doeven though many could Lots of people eagerly campaign for the reducti

3、on of greenhouse gases，but by driving cars，theyre sill contributing to the problem.You might be picturing me as an extreme environmentalist(环保主义者环保主义者)，but Im not oneof those teenagers who wear shirts that say Help save the world:Recycle.Actually，my interestin exercise，health，and fitness led me to c

4、ycling.Cycling can help you lose weight，improve your health，and prevent many diseases.Cyclingalso carries a relatively low chance of injury.While being good for your body，bicycle commuting is also a great way to cut greenhousegases.Manyenvironmentalists recycle，plant tees，and drive hybrid cars(混合动力汽

5、车混合动力汽车)，but bicyclecommuting could be even more effective than all of those combined.You could cut down theamount of greenhouse gases just by commuting by bicycle a few times a week.Bicycle commuting saves money too.When you buy your bicycle and the things that usuallygo with it.You might be shocke

6、d by the cost.But if you think about the increasingly high gasprices,you will know for sure that you can save a significant amount each year by not driving acar.You might think that you dont have time for bicycle commuting Actually.you probably do.You could cut back on your TV time and pick up this

7、activity.It helps you care for the environment，save money，and most importantly get fit.1.I will write a best-selling book on cycling.()A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given英语（二）试卷第 1 页（共 8 页）2.Many local people commute by bicycle.()A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given3.I am devoted to environmental protection.()A:TrueB.Fals

8、eC:Not Given4.I started cycling to improve my health.()A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given5.People are less likely to get injured while cycling.()A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given6.People drive to work for convenience.()A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given7.Bicycle commuting could be more effective in reducing greenhouse gases.(A:

9、TrueB:FalseC:Not Given8.People are in a good mood while cycling.()A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given9.Gas prices keep going up.()A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given10.Bikes are inexpensive to most people.()A:TrueB:FalseC:Not Given英语（二）试卷第 2 页（共 8 页）)第二部分：阅读选择（第第二部分：阅读选择（第 11111515 题，每题题，每题 2 2 分，共分，共 1010 分）分）阅读下面短文，阅读下

10、面短文，请从短文后所给各题的请从短文后所给各题的 4 4 个选项个选项（A A、B B、C C、D D）中选出中选出 1 1 个最佳选项，个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。SpiltSpilt（打翻的）（打翻的）MilkMilkI recenly heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several veryimportant medical achievements.He was asked why he was so much more creative thanthe averag

11、e person。He responded that it all came from an experience when he was about two.He hadbeen trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he lost his grip（紧握）and it fell，spilling（打翻）the milk all over the floor。When his mother came into the kitchen,instead of yelling at him,or punishing

12、英语（二）试卷第 3 页（共 8 页）him,she said,Robert,what a wonderful mess you have made！Well,the damage hasalready been done.Would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes before weclean it up？Indeed,he did。After a few minutes,his mother said,Rober,whenever you makea mess like this,eventually you have to c

13、lean it up.So,how would you like to dothat？We could use a sponge（海绵）or a towel.Which do you prefer?He chosethe sponge andtogether they cleaned up the spilt milk.His mother then said,“You know,what we have here is a failed experiment inhow to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands.Le

14、tsgo out in theback yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carryit without dropping it The litle boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at thetop near the lip with both hands,he could carry it without dropping it.The scientist remarked that it was then that he kn

15、ew he didnt need to be afraidto make mistakes.Instead,mistakes were just opportunities for learming somethingnew,which is,after all,what scientific experiments are all about.Even if theexperiment doesnt work,we usually learn something valuable from it。11.This story is about a scientist who_。A.was ex

16、traordinary when he was youngB.became well-known after an interviewC.was smarter than the average personD.achieved great success in the medical field12.He got the milk spilt all over the kitchen floor because he _.A.dropped the bottleC slipped and fellB.was naughtyD.was weak13.After seeing the spilt

17、 milk,his mother _.A.shouted at himB.cleaned the floor herselfC.encouraged him to play in the milk英语（二）试卷第 4 页（共 8 页）D.forced him to clean the kitchen14.The mother and the son went out in the back yard to _.A.fill the bottle with milkC.find a way to carry the bottleB.clean the bottleD.search for a n

18、ew bottle15.According to the text,mistakes give us chances to _.A.know the truthC.do some experimentsB.learn something newD.teach a child a lesson第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第 16162525 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分，共分，共 1010 分）分）阅读下面短文阅读下面短文,请完成短文后的请完成短文后的 2 2 项测试任务：（项测试任务：（1 1）从第）从第 16162020 题后所给题后所给的的 6 6

19、 个选项中为第个选项中为第段每段选择段每段选择 1 1 个正确的小标题；（个正确的小标题；（2 2）从第）从第 21212525 题题后所给的后所给的 6 6 个选项中选择个选项中选择 5 5 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。置上将答案选项涂黑。VolunteersVolunteers Volunteers are people who work without being paid.They do the workbecause they want to.We need volunteers because ther

20、e are many thingsthat need to be done in society which the Government cant afford to payfor.Volunteers are motivated by a desire to help others and to makethe world a better place.Statistics suggest that more than one millionpeople do voluntary work in New Zealand.Some volunteers do the kind ofwork

21、that they are particularly interested in,but perhaps havent hadthe chance to do during their working lives.Others make use of theirprofessional skills and experience.Volunteers contribute to society in a number of ways.For example,some give their time to help preserve the natural environment.While t

22、hereare government-run projects to maintain national parks and forests,theprojects would not succeed without volunteers.Some environmentalorganizations rely solely on voluntary labor.英语（二）试卷第 5 页（共 8 页）“Meals on Wheels”is a voluntary organization run by the Red Cross.It deliversmeals to elderly peop

23、le who are unable to cook for themselves.Every year volunteerdrivers deliver a million meals.This enables elderly people to remain in their ownhouses.Volunteer Service Abroad was started in 1962.It sends volunteers to poorcountries.To be a volunteer you should be between the ages of 25 and 77，of goo

24、dhealth and have a skill or ability that is requested by the country.Volunteers spendtwo years helping the local people improve their lives.Two years is a long time，but when they return，many volunteers say：“It was the best two years of my life.”Task1Task116.Paragraph：17.Paragraph：18.Paragraph：19.Par

25、agraph：20.Paragraph：A.Definition of volunteersB.How volunteers are organizedC.How volunteers contribute to societyD.Why people want to be volunteersE.An organization sending volunteers abroadF.An organization delivering meals to the elderlyTask2Task221.People do voluntary work because they want to22

26、.Some volunteers help others by.23.Some organizations rely on volunteers to help英语（二）试卷第 6 页（共 8 页）24.The elderly can have their meals delivered without25.Many volunteers returning from poor countries.A.help othersB.leaving their homesC.cooking for the elderlyD.using their professional skillsE.find

27、their experience rewardingF.preserve the natural environment第四部分第四部分:填句补文填句补文(第第 26263030 题，每题题，每题 2 2 分，共分，共 1010 分分)下面的短文有下面的短文有 5 5 处空白，短文后有处空白，短文后有 6 6 个句子，其中个句子，其中 5 5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡上相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡上相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。How to Talk to a DoctorHo

28、w to Talk to a DoctorIts one of the saddest situations in modern medicine.：The average doctorsappointment lasts 15 minutes or less._26_ That doesnt leave much time forchatting about the weather or your moodWhat you dont realize but what I see very clearly as a doctor-is that whatthe patient says is

29、more important than ever._27_ They can also make it much harderfor me to figure out whats wrong with you.Medical schools teach a speific way to conduct an office visit.Part one is thecomplaint._28_ Part two in the physical exam.And part three is when the doctorgives you a diagnosis and pescrbesrsts

30、or a teatment Chances are,you focus on partthree,but the patients who receive the best care are those who master part one.The key is to describe in detail what youve been feling-not just“bad,but whatkind of bad,for how long,and after what kind of activity._29_ Even though Ive been a doctor for many

31、years,I tend to be a lttle nervouswhen Im the one sitting on the exam table.If I havent prepared,I lose track of英语（二）试卷第 7 页（共 8 页）the details Iinended to share_30_ When the doctor asks you questions,you can be morespecifie,and the diagnosis and treatment will be more accurate.And there may be a few

32、minutes left over for a little pleasant conversation!A.No wonder you feel rushed.B.Of course,thats easier said than done.C.It is wise to see a doctor with your friend.D.It is also called the description of your problem.E.So I take a few minutes to write down some crucial details.F.In fact,your descr

33、iptions can help me give you great care.第五部分第五部分:填词补文填词补文(第第 31403140 题，每题题，每题 1.51.5 分，共分，共 1515 分分)下面的短文有下面的短文有 1010 处空白，短文后列出处空白，短文后列出 1212 个词，其中个词，其中 1010 个取自短文，请根据短文内容个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。Planting a GardenPlanting a GardenPlantin

34、g a garden is a lot like having a family.Both require a great deal ofwork，31 as they grow and as the seasons 32 .As summer days lengthen，yourplants become 33 on you，much like your children depend on you for food and drink.Like a 34 child asking for drink of water，your plants do the same.Their bentbo

35、dy issues a demand much the way your child requests milk or juice.Getting enoughwater，they would thrive soon.You might also find you have to 35 the space around your plants，much likeyou pick up toys and clothes that have been thrown in your kids room.Similarly，roses need to be pruned(修剪)，and weeds n

36、eed to be pulled.To keep children healthy，parents protect their children against disease with 36，and gardeners do the samewith insect repellent(驱虫剂).To nourish(滋养)them，parents 37 childrenvitamins，and gardeners use fertilizer,as both promote healthy growth.英语（二）试卷第 8 页（共 8 页）As children grow up，they

37、need less care.However，heres where the similarityends.While plants die or become 38 during winter，children 39 maintain animportant role in the family，and parents will find their 40 does not come toanend.A.helpB.cleanC.changeD.inactiveE.dependentF.stillG.strongH.giveI.responsibilityJ.thirstyK.medicin

38、eL.especially第六部分：完形补文第六部分：完形补文(第第 41504150 题，每题题，每题 1.51.5 分，共分，共 1515 分分)下面的短文有下面的短文有 1010 处空白，每处处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确处空白，每处处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。What Makes Us DifferentWhat Makes Us DifferentThe reason Earth differs(differ)from

39、all the other 41 (planet)in theuniverse is because of you and me.At first,we were living in caves,the came theice age,then the meltdown,and 42 (final),what we are today.We and Earth asa whole have changed so much.The only thing that hasnt changed is our greed and43 (jealous).While we were in caves,w

40、e fought for food.While we were living on the ice,wefought for 44 (warm),clothing,and food.Now,we are 45 (fight)over land.Whydo we fight for land that was never in our 46 (possess)?Wars,big or small,takeplace every day.Earth is a single nation.All the land masses on it belong to theplanet,not to us.

41、Everyone is the same,regardless of race,gender,or religion.We are all deserve to be 47 (treat)equally.We are all also unique,but thatdoesnt make us any 48 (little)human than the next person.If we can start by 49 (pay)a compliment(赞美)to a different person each day,英语（二）试卷第 9 页（共 8 页）our world will be

42、 50 (friendly)to live in.If we at least help one person in needand let room for love to grow in our hearts,the world will be a better place.第七部分：短文写作第七部分：短文写作(第第 5151 题，题，3030 分分)请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100100 词左右的英文写作任务。将你的箐案写在答词左右的英文写作任务。将你的箐案写在答题卡相应的位置上。题卡相应的位置上。51某英文报杜正在举办理为“Spring is C

43、oming”的征文活动。请你根据下述写作要点提交一篇英文短文应征。简要描写春天的景象介绍人们在春天里的各种活动英语（二）试卷第 10 页（共 8 页）绝密启用前2020 年 8 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试题答案及评分参考（课程代码 00015）第一部分：阅读判断（第110 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分）1.C6.C2.B7.A3.B8.C4.A9.A5.A10.B第二部分：阅读选择（第1115 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）11.A12.B13.D14.D15.C第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第1625 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分）16.B21.B17.E22.

44、E18.D23.A19.A24.C20.F25.F第四部分：填句补文（第2630 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）26.B27.A28.E29.C30.F第五部分：填词补文（第3140 题，每题 1.5 分，共 15 分）31.A36.L32.D37.I33.F38.E34.K39.G35.C40.J第六部分：完形补文（第4150 题，每题 1.5 分，共 15 分）41.planets45.fighting42.finally46.possession43.jealousy47.treated44.warmth48.less1）评分原则本题总分为 30 分，按 5 个档次评分。阅卷人应就总体

45、印象给分，而不是按照语言错误的数量扣分。评分时，先根据文章的内容要点、篇章结构和语言运用初步确定其所属的档次，然后依照该档次的具体要求酌情增减分数，最后给分。应避免分数趋中现象，即不能只给中间档次的分数。该给高分时就应给高分（包含满分），该给低分时就应给低分（包含0 分）。拼写和标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英式、美式拼写及用法均可接受。如书写较差难以辨认，以致影响交际，或字数明显少于要求，将分数降低一个档次。2）评分标准第一档2530 分：圆满完成了试题规定的任务。清楚地表达了全部内容要点。运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务要求。语言运用较为准确、恰当。

46、1924 分：完成了试题规定的任务。第二档清楚地表达了全部或关键内容要点。运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的基本要求。语言运用基本正确，虽有小错，但不影响理解。1318 分：基本完成了试题规定的任务。第三档提及了关键内容要点（可能漏掉了个别内容）。运用的语法结构和词汇满足任务的最低要求。存在一些语言错误，但基本不影响理解。712 分：完成了一部分试题规定的任务。第四档遗漏或未能清楚表达内容要点。语法结构和词汇单调。语言错误较多，部分错误影响理解。16 分：未完成试题规定的任务。第五档明显遗漏内容要点。语法结构和词汇极单调。语言错误很多，严重影响理解。0 分：所传达的信息或所用语言太少，无法评价；所写内容与题目要求完全无关。英语（二）试题答案及评分参考 第 2 页（共 2 页）