高考英语阅读理解中why问题的考点与命题点高考英语备考.docx
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1、 高考英语备考:高考英语阅读理解中why问题的考点与命题点近五年高考英语全国I卷阅读理解考题中,出现以why设问的题目共八道,所涉及的文体有议论文、记叙文及说明文,而且不同文体中以why提问的题目,其求答的方向也不一样,体现了命题者不同的设计意图。从命题者的设计意图入手,对题干特点、命题点及选项分析,有助于揣测命题者的设计意图,从而提高答题的准确率。一、why问句,问原因why问句,问原因的题目多数出现在记叙文中,其题干特点“why+助动词+普通人的一件事”为特点,而且选项都是主语相同的完整陈述句,正确选项通常是对文本材料进行语意概括。其命题点有以下三种情况:1. 原因状语从句(20
2、16年全国卷C篇)I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 trips -of those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞
3、)in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者)to the
4、60;time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time.30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip wit
5、hin 42 hours?A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.B. The donor can only wait for that long.C. The operation needs that much time.D. The ice wont la
6、st any longer.分析:由because引导的原因状语从句“因为我有两个冰袋,它们只能撑这么长的时间”可知,选D项。2. 现在分词短语(2016年全国卷B篇)Garza never pleased move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help
7、0;their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations
8、regard the move to a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.25. Why was Garzas move a success?A. It strengthened her&
9、#160;family ties.B. It improved her living conditions.C. It enabled her make more friends.D. It helped her know more new places.分析:最后一句中的现在分词短语,表示结果“这让他们的关系比在单独的城市更亲密”,可见A项正确。3. 表示转折处(2020年全国卷C篇)Race
10、walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in cont
11、act(接触)with the ground at all times. Its this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Nor berg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.28. Why are race walkers conditioned athlet
12、es?A. They must run long distances.B. They are qualified for the marathon.C. They have to follow special rules.D. They are good at swinging their legs.分析:由题干中的conditioned athl
13、etes找到此段,由段中But后的内容“但是这项运动的规则要求竞走选手的膝盖在摆腿的大部分时间里要保持笔直,一只脚要始终与地面接触”可知,这些运动员必须遵守特殊的规则,故选C项。正确选项是对原因的高度概括。二、why问句,问目的why问句,问目的,多数出现在研调或科普说明文中。题干通常是“why+研究者(researchers)或团队(teams)或组织等完成一件事”,材料中命题点所在的句子的主体跟题干的主语基本一致。四个选项均为不定式,正确选项往往是文本材料的同义转换或高度概括。其命题点有以下两种情况:1. 表示目的的不定式处(2018年全国卷D篇)We may
14、;think . Thats bad news for the environment and our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same thing
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