2018年全国卷Ⅰ英语高考试题文档版(含答案).pdf

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1、2018 全国高考英语 I 卷绝密启用前绝密启用前20182018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英英 语语（考试时间：120 分钟试卷满分：150 分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分听力听力(共两节，满分共两节，满分 3030 分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间

2、将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.答案是 C。1.what will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B.Give a talk.C.Write a report.B.9.18.C.9.15.2.What can we say about the woma

3、n?A.Shes generour.B.Shes curious.C.Shes helpful.3.When does the traif leave?P.comA.At 6:30.B.At8:30.C.At 10:30.4.How does the wonar sRwr?mA.By car.B.On foot.C.By bike5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student.1C.Doctor and patient.2018 全国高考英语 I 卷第二节（共

4、 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.What does the woman regret?A.Giving up her research.B.Dropping out of college.C.Changiny her major.7.What is the woman interested in study

5、ing now?A.Ecology.B.Education.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8.What is the man?A.A hotel manager.B.A tour guide.9.what is the man doing for the woman?A.looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.Offering information about a hotel.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10.Where does the conversation probabl

6、y take place?A.In an office.B.At home11.What will the speakers do tomorow evening?A.Goto a concert.B.Visit a friend12.Who is Alice going to call?A.Mike.B.Joan听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13.why does the woman meet the man?A.To look at an apartment.B.To deliver some furniture.C.To have a meal together.2C.C

7、hemistry.C.A taxi driver.C.At a restaurant.C.work extra hours.C.Catherine.2018 全国高考英语 I 卷14.What does the woman like about the carpet?A.Its color.B.Its design.C.Its quality.15.What does the man say about the kitchen?A.Its a good size.B.Its newly painted.C.Its adequately equipped.16.What will the wom

8、an probably do next?A.Go downtown.B.Talk with her friend.C.Make payment.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17.Who is the speaker probably talking to?A.Movie fans.B.News reporters.C.College students.18.When did the speaker take Engishlclasses?wwnA.Before he left his hometown.B.After he came to America.C.When he

9、 was 15 years old.19.How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A.Hes proud.B.Hes sympathetic.C.Hes grateful.20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.How education shaped his life.B.How his language skills improved.C.How he managed his business well.第二部分第二部分阅读理解阅读理解(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4040 分分)第一节(共 1

10、5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。32018 全国高考英语 I 卷A AWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous c

11、herry trees with beautiful flowers ofWashington,D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where theyblossom.Reserve your spot before availability the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourWashington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tou

12、rDuration:3 hours(4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,D.C.Explore themonuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.Guidedtour includes bike,helmet,cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bi

13、ke Tour In Washington,D.C.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington,D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon,this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C.newcomers and locals looking to experienceWashington,D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with themost,intere

14、sting stories about Presidents,Congress,memorials,and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tourroute(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for

15、 an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C.Get up close to themonuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made forphoto taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike,helmet,and bottled water.All ride

16、rsare equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington,D.C.B.Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do

17、 on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.C.Visit well-known museums.B.Go to a national park.D.Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B.Cameras.C.MealsD.Safety lights42018 全国高考英语 I 卷BGood Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used

18、to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cookingup a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbuttoffers top tips on how to

19、reduce food waste,while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day.And the GoodMorning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes learnt into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.We love Mexican churros,so I buy them on my phone from m

20、y local Mexican takeaway restaurant,sheexplains.I pay 5 for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for 26p a portion,because they are flour,water,sugarand oil.Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this foodourselves.The eight-part series(系列节自),Save Money:Goo

21、d Food,follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family eachweek.In tonights Easter special the

22、y come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24.What do we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B.She has started a new programme.D.She h

23、as had a light budget for her family.C.She dislikes working early in the morning.25.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A.He buys cooking materials for her.C.He assists her in cooking matters.B.He prepares food for her kids.D.He invites guest families for her.26.What does the author intend to do in p

24、aragraph 4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.C.Add some background information.B.Provide some advice for the readers.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB.Balancing Our Daily DietD.Cooking Well for LessC.Making yourself a

25、 Perfect Chef52018 全国高考英语 I 卷CLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there has been less comingand a lot more going.When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit(联系)groupsdeveloped their own patterns of speech independent of ea

26、ch other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 yearsago,when the world had just five to ten million people,they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and their languages toobecame more settled and fewer in number.

27、In recent centres,trade,industrialisation.the development of thenation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education.Especially globalisation and better communicationsin the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such asEnglishSpanish and Chinese

28、 are increasingly taking over.At present,the world has about 6 800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.Thegeneral rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages.Often spoken by many people while hot.wet zoneshave lots,often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only ar

29、ound 200 Languages:the Americas about 1,000.Africa 2 400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位数)of speakers is a mere 6.000,which means that half the worlds languages are spokenby fewer people than that.Already well ove

30、r 400 of the total of,6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡),with only a few elderlyspeakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150).LipanApache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia(one,with a question-mark):none of these se

31、emsto have much chance of survival.28.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patters.D.They were closely connected29.Which of the following best explainsdominant underlined in paragraph 2？A.Complex.B.Advanc

32、ed.C.Powerful.D.Modem.30.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A.About 6 800B.About 3 400C.About 2.400D.About 1-20031.What is the min idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC.Human development results in fewer lang

33、uagesD.Geography determines language evolution.62018 全国高考英语 I 卷DWe may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置)well after they go out of style.Thats bad news forthe environment

34、 and our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer onesthat do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the RochesterInstitute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product t

35、hroughout its life fromwhen its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how homeenergy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation Desktop computers,basicmobile phones,and box-set TVs defined 1992.Digital cameras arrived on

36、the scene in 1997.And MP3 players,smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didnt throw out our old ones.The living-room television isreplaced and gets planted in the kids room,and suddenly one day,you have

37、 a TV in every room of the house,saidone researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.Were not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitts team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray

38、 tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption andcontribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution（解决方案）?The teams data only went up to 2007,but the researchers also exploredwhat would happen if consumers replaced old pro

39、ducts with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing ontablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32.What does the author think of new devices?A.They

40、 are environment-friendly.C.They cost more to use at home.B.They are no better than the old.D.They go out of style quickly.33.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find out electr

41、icity consumption of the devices.34.Which of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.35.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A.Stop using them.C.Upgrade them.7B.Take them apart.D.Recycle them.2018 全国高考英语 I 卷第二

42、节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room.A grasp of how tomanage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in.Do you want a roomthats full of life?Professio

43、nal?Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?36,color is thekey to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this importantpoint.37,they can get a little complex.But good news is that

44、 therere really only three kinds of decisionsyou need to make about color in your home:the small ones,the medium ones,and the large ones.38.Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to addvisual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your wa

45、lls and less expensive than buying a colorfulsofa,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinner tables or bookshelves39.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones,and they have a

46、 more powerful effect on thefeeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and floors.Whether youre looking atwallpaper or paint,the time,effort and relative expense put into it are significant.40.A.While all of them are usefulB.Whatever youre looking forC.If y

47、oure experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the ones were most familiar withE.Its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeG.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major

48、ways82018 全国高考英语 I 卷第三部分第三部分语言知识运用语言知识运用(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4545 分分)第一节完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分学科网)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a freecourse,called Thinking Chess,for three credits.I41th

49、e idea of taking the class because，after all,who doesntwant to42a few dollars?More than that,Id always wanted to learn chess.And,even if Iwerent43enoughabout free credits,news about our44was appealing enough to me.He was an international grandmaster,which45I would be learning from one of the games46

50、.I could hardly wait to 47him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning to teach,and this48was no game for him:he meant business.In his introduction,he made it49that our credits would be hard-earned.In order to50the class,among other criteria,we had to write a paper on how we pla