小升初英语单词、词组、句型及语法总汇(共36页).doc
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上初常考语法一、 Do you ? 的用法如:Do you use chopsticks in England?肯定回答:Yes, we do。否定回答:No, we dont。这个句型是在询问某人是否做某事的情况下用的,在回答这类疑问句时,注意人称和肯定、否定用法就可以了。二、 现在进行时态的用法特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ be+主语+动词ing?如:What are you doing?陈述句:主语+be+动词ing。如:Were making a cake。这个时态用于强调正在进行的动作、事情。注意be动词的用法和现在分词的写法就可以了。(现在分词就是动词的ing形
2、式,书第九页上面部分,是对学生已经学习的现在分词的总结)。三、Can 引导的疑问句及陈述句的用法 1、询问他人是否会做某事:Can + 主语+ do sth?如: Can you run fast? 肯:Yes, I can. 否:No, I cant。 2、询问自己是否可以吃(喝)某东西: Can I have?肯 Yes, you can. 否:No, you cant。 3、Can 引导的陈述句。肯定句:主语+ Can+ do sth. 如:This bird can fly。否定句:主语+ Cant + do sth。如:You cant go out。四、 完成时态 have/ ha
3、s got的用法 1、陈述句。单数第三人称作主语时:主语+ has got + sth. 如: LIjie has got a pet。 其他人称作主语时:主语+ have got + sth. 如:I have got a new kite。 2、疑问句。单数第三人称作主语时:Has + 主语+got sth? 如:Has she got a cold? 其他人称作主语时:Have + 主语+got sth? 如:Have you got a headache?have/ has got表示的是拥有,也表示患了什么病。五、 将来时态be + going to 的用法 1、陈述句。主语+be
4、+ going to do . 如:Im going to run a race. 我将要参加赛跑。 主语+be + going to be . 如:Im going to be a doctor. 我要成为一名医生。 2、一般疑问句:be +主语+ going to do? 如:Are you going to go to Hong Kong? 肯: Yes, I am. 否:No, Im not。 3、特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+ be+主语+going to? 如:What are you going to do ? 答:Im going to 。六、 How many 句型及 There
5、 be 句型的用法1、Thesethose的用法。These 指与自己距离较近的。Those指与自己距离较远的。它们都是指复数名词的, 所以后面的名词一定要是复数的。如:These are some ducks。2、How many 句型。 用于询问数量的,需注意的是它后面接的可数名词要是复数, 如:How many stone aninals are there? There are 24. 回答用There be 句型。常 考 词 组 句 型1、allow sb to do sth 允许某人去做某事(后接动词不定式) My father allowed me to go out for a
6、 walk after finishing my homework.2、asked sb (not) to do sth 叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事) My father asked me to study hard. He asked me not to swim alone. be asked to do sth 被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事 I was asked to have a dinner with them yesterday.3、be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 She is afraid to ask me questions.4、be afaid
7、 of doing sth 害怕做某事 I am afraid of going out at night.5、be afaid of sth 害怕某物 He is afraid of snakes.6、be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶 He was amazed to meet the girl there. be amazed at sth 对某事感到惊讶 They were amazed at the news.7、be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事(常考) I was busy washing my car at that time. 那时
8、候我正忙于清洗我的车子。 I am busy with my work.8、be coming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来) The bus is coming/the dog is dying.9、be excited to do sth 对做感到兴奋 Jacky was excited to travel there by plane. be excited at sth Lily was excited at his words. be excited about doing sth He was excited a
9、bout passing the exam without going overing books.10、be frightened to do sth 害怕去做某事 Sam is frightened to ride a horse.11、be glad/happy to do sth 高兴去做某事 She is happy to clean the blackboard with me. be pleased to do sth高兴做某事 She was pleased to help the old man yesterday. be pleased with sth 对某事感到高兴/满
10、意 The teacher was pleased with my answer.12.be interested in sth/doing sth 对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣 She is interested in swimming in the river. My btother is interested in Chinese.13. be/get ready for/to do sth be ready for sth 为某事做好了准备 We are ready for the exam. be ready to do sth 为做某事做好了准备 We are ready to h
11、ave a birthday party for her. get ready for sth为某事在做准备 We are getting ready for the exam. get ready for sth 为做某事而做准备13、be sorry to do sth 对做某事感到抱歉14、be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇 be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊奇15、be worth doing sth 值得做某事(worth 后接动词-ing形式,常考)16、begin to do sth begin/start to do/doing s
12、th 开始去做某事 17、can/be able to afford (to buy) sth 有能力购买(供)18、can/may/must do sth could/would/should/might do sth19、can't wait to do sth 迫不急待地去做某事20、decide to do sth 决定去做某事 make up one's mind to do sth 下决心去做某事(常考) make a decision to do sth 对做某事作出决定21、deserve to do sth 值得/应该做22、encourage sb to d
13、o sth 鼓励某人去做某事23、enjoy doing sth 乐意去做某事24、expect (sb) to do sth 期望去做某事25、fail to do sth 做某事失败 succeed doing sth 成功做了某事26、finish doing sth 做完某事(后接动词-ing形式)(常考)27、follow sb to do sth 跟随某人去做某事28. 让某人做某事(后接动词原形) get sb to do sth make sb do sth let sb do sth29、get/have a chance to do sth 得到一个做某事的机会30、giv
14、e/pass/show/lend/sell sb sth/sth to sb buy/get/bring sb sth/sth for sb31、go on to do sth 继续做事(常考) go on doing sth 继续做事(常考)32、hate to do/doing sth 讨厌/不喜欢做某事33、have fun doing sth34、have problems doing sth 做某事遇到困难35、让某人做某事(后接动词原形) have sb do sth have sth done have sth to do 有事要做 36、hear sb do sth 听到某人做
15、某事(后接动词原形,常考) hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事(常见)37、help to do sth 帮忙做某事 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事38、hope/wish to do sth 希望做某事 wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事39、I t seems that 这像是(后接从句) seem to do sth seem +adj40、It's + adj+(for sb) to do sth . It's+adj +(of sb) to do sth It's glad for him to he
16、ar the news.41、It takes sb some time/money to do sth . 花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)42、pay for cost spendon.、 it take to do sth43、It's best for sb to do sth、对某人来说做某事是最好的 had better do sth 最好做某事(注意had没有时态和人称的变化,better后接动词原形)44、It's time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的时候了45、keep (on)doing sth 坚持做某事(常考) keep sb doi
17、ng sth 让某人做某事(常考) keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事(常考) keep sb/sth +adj keep the book for 2 days 借这本书两天(不要用borrow或lend)46、learn to do sth 学做某事 learn sth from sb 向某人学习47、like to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事 like sb to do sth 喜欢某人做某事48、need to do sth 需要做某事 need doing sth/to be done need sth needn't do sth49、p
18、refer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿而不愿(常考) prefer doing sth to doing sth 喜欢做胜过做 I prefer reading books to going shopping. 比起购物来,我更爱读书。 prefer to do sth 喜欢(爱)做某事50、refuse to do sth 拒绝做51.(常考) remember/forget to do sth 记得/忘记做某事 remember/forget doing sth 记得/忘记做过某事52、see sb do sth 看见某人做某事(结果) see sb d
19、oing sth 看见某人正在做某事(正在进行中) be seen to do sth 做某事被看见53、something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西(词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词) I need something to eat. 我要一些吃的东西。54、spend some time (in)doing sth /on sth 花费时间做某事(注意动词要用ing形式)(常考) spend some money on sth/doing sth 买花了多少钱55、Sth is hard/difficult/easy to do 、 做好某事很难/容易56、s
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