卷二 2019年12月英语四级真题及答案.pdf

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1、20192019 年年 1212 月四级考试真题及答案第二套月四级考试真题及答案第二套PartPart I IWritingWriting(30(30 minutes)minutes)Directions:Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a a letterletter to to a a foreignforeignfriendfriend whowho wantswants to to learnlearn Chinese.Chinese. PleasePlease recommendrecomm

2、end a a placeplace to to him.him.Youshould write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartPart ListeningListening ComprehensionComprehension(25(25 minutes)minutes)SectionSectionA ADirections:Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each newsreport, you wi

3、ll hear two or three questions. Both the news report andthen questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a singleline through the centre.QuestionsQ

4、uestions 1 1 andand 2 2 areare basedbased onon thethe newsnews reportreport youyou havehave justjust heard.heard.1. 1.A) The number of nurses has dropped to a record low.B) There is a growing shortage of medical personnel.C) There is discrimination against male nurses.D) The number of male nurses ha

5、s gone down.2. 2.A) Cultural bias.B) Inadequate pay.C) Educational system.D) Workingconditions.QuestionsQuestions 3 3 andand 4 4 areare basedbased onon thethe newsnews reportreport youyou havehave justjust heard.heard.3. 3.A) He fell out of a lifeboat.B) He lost his way on a beach.C) He was almost d

6、rowned.D) He enjoyed swimming in the sea.4. 4. A) The beach is a popular tourist resort.B) The emergency services are efficient.C) The beach is a good place to watch the tide.D) The lifeboats patrol the area round the clock.QuestionsQuestions 5 5 toto 7 7 areare basedbased onon thethe newsnews repor

7、treport youyou havehave justjust heard.heard.5. 5. A) It became an online star.B) It broke into an office room.C) It escaped from a local zoo.D) It climbed 25 storeys at one go.6. 6. A) Send it back to the zoo.B) Release it into the wild.C) Return it to its owner.D) Give it a physical checkup.7. 7.A

8、)Araccoon can perform acts no human can.B)Araccoon can climb much higher than a cat.C) The raccoon became as famous as some politicians.D) The raccoon did something no politician could.SectionSection B BDirections:Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of eachc

9、onversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the cent

10、re.QuestionsQuestions 8 8 toto 1111 areare basedbased onon thethe conversationconversation youyou havehave justjust heard.heard.8. 8. A) She got a well-paying job in a bank.B) She received a bonus unexpectedly.C She received her first monthly salary.D) She got a pay raise for her performance.9. 9. A

11、) Several years ago.B) Twodecades ago.C) Right after graduation.D) Just last month.10.10. A) He sent a small check to his parents.B) He took a few of his friends to a gym.C) He immediately deposited it in a bank.D) He treated his parents to a nice meal.11.11.A) Buy some professional clothes.B) Budge

12、t her salary carefully.C) Join her colleagues for gym exercise.D) Visither former university campus.QuestionsQuestions 1212 toto 1515 areare basedbased onon thethe conversationconversation youyou havehave justjust heard.heard.12.12.A) He has a difficult decision to make.B) He has been overworked rec

13、ently.C) He has just quarreled with his girlfriend.D) He has just too many things to attend to.13.13.A) Give priority to things more urgent.B) Turn to his girlfriend for assistance.C) Think twice before making the decision.D) Seek advice from his family and advisor.14.14.A) His parents and advisor h

14、ave different opinions.B) He is not particularly keen on the job offered.C) He lacks the money for his doctoral program.D) His girlfriend does not support his decision.15.15. A) They need time to make preparations.B) They need to save enough money for it.C) They havent started their careers yet.D) T

15、hey havent won their parentsapproval.SectionSection C CDirections:Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose thebes

16、t answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecentre.QuestionsQuestions16.16.1616 toto 1818 areare basedbased onon thethe passagepassage youyou havehave justjust heard.heard.B)A)Acquiring information and pro

17、fessional knowledge.C)Using information to understand and solve problems.D)Enriching17.17.Expressingsocial and intellectual lives.B)A) Improvingideasmind-readingand opinions freely.C)Reading classic scientific literature.strategies.D)Playing18.18.Travelinggamesto differentthat challengeplaces inones

18、the world.mind.B)A) Give others freedom to express themselves.C)ExposeQuestionsQuestionsD)Discardthemselves to different cultures.Participatepersonalin debatesbiases and prejudices.19.19.1919 toto 2121 areare basedbasedoronondiscussions.thethe passagepassage youyou havehave justjust heard.heard.B)C)

19、TheA) Thereasonnaturea greatof relationshipsmany peoplebetween dogs.D)Why20.20.Howdogsdogscanfeelbe faithful friendsloveof humans.dogs.B)A) They have anaboutunusualtheirsensebondsofwithresponsibility.humans.C)TheyD)Theycancanrespondfall in loveto humansjust likequestions.humans.21.21.TheyB)A) Theybe

20、havehaveliketheirotherownanimals in many ways.C)TheyTheyexperiencehelp humanstruejoys and sorrows.inromanticvariouslove.QuestionsQuestionsD) They22.22.2222staytoto 2525withareareonebasedbasedpartneronon thetheforways.passagepassagelife.youyou havehave justjust heard.heard.B)C)AA)rareAcow bone.D)A23.

21、23.Ahistoricalanimal.precioussite.B) PreservingA) Measuringstone.it.it.C) Dating it.D) Identifying it.24.24. A) The site should have been protected.B) The boysfamily had acted correctly.C) The boy should have called an expert.D) The channel needs to interview the boy.25.25. A) Search for similar fos

22、sils elsewhere.B)Ask the university to reward Jude.C) Conduct a more detailed search.D) Seek additional funds for the search.PartPart ReadingReading ComprehensionComprehension(40(40 minutes)minutes)SectionSectionA ADirections:Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are r

23、equired toselect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bankfollowing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Pleasemark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle

24、 line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.QuestionsQuestions 2626 toto 3535 areare basedbased onon thethe followingfollowing passage.passage.Finally, some good news about airplane travel. If you are on a plane with a sickpassenger, you are unlikely to get s

25、ick. That is the26of a new study that looked athow respiratory viruses27on airplanes. Researchers found that only people whowere seated in the same row as a passenger with the flu, for exampleor one row infront of or behind that individualhad a high risk of catching the illness. All otherpassengers

26、had only a very28chance of getting sick, according to the findings.Media reports have not necessarily presented29information about the risk ofgetting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore, these new findings should helpairplane passengers to feel less30to catching respiratory infections whi

27、letraveling by air.Prior to the new study, litter was known about the risks of getting31infectedby common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, theresearchers said. So, to32the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10different33in the U.S. during the flu season. T

28、he researchers found thatpassengers sitting within two seats on34side of a person infected with flu, as wellas those sitting one row in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 personchance of getting sick. But other passengers were35safe from infection. Theyhad a less than 3 percent chan

29、ce of catching the flu.A) accurateB) conclusionC) directlyD) eitherE) evaluateF) explorationsG) flightsH) largelyI) nearbyJ) respondK) slimL) spreadM) summitN) vividlyO) venerableSectionSection B BDirectionsDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to e

30、ach statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.Youmay choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2.Is Is BreakfastBre

31、akfast ReallyReally thethe MostMost ImportantImportant MealMeal ofof thethe Day?Day?A Along with old classics like “carrots give you night vision” and “Santadoesnt bring toys to misbehaving children”, one of the most well-worn phrases oftired parents everywhere is that breakfast is the most importan

32、t meal of the day. Manyof us grow up believing that skipping breakfast is a serious mistakeeven if only twothirds of adults in the UK eat breakfast regularly, according to the British DieteticAssociation, and around three-quarters ofAmericans.B “The body uses a lot of energy stores for growth and re

33、pair through thenight,” explains diet specialist Sarah Elder. “Eating a balanced breakfast helps to upour energy, as well as make up for protein and calcium used throughout the night.”But theres widespread disagreement over whether breakfast should keep its top spotin the hierarchy of meals. There h

34、ave been concerns around the sugar content ofcereal and the food industrys involvement in pro-breakfast researchand even oneclaim from an academic that breakfast is “dangerous”.C Whats the reality? Is breakfast a necessary start to the day or a marketingtactic by cereal companies? The most researche

35、d aspectof breakfast (andbreakfast-skipping) has been its links to obesity. Scientists have different theories asto why theres a relationship between the two. In one US study that analyzed thehealth data of 50,000 people over seven years, researchers found that those who madebreakfast the largest me

36、al of the day were more likely to have a lower body massindex (BMI) than those who ate a large lunch or dinner. The researchers argued thatbreakfast helps reduce daily calorie intake and improve the quality of our dietsincebreakfast foods are often higher in fiber and nutrients.D But as with any stu

37、dy of this kind, it was unclear if that was the causeor ifbreakfast-skippers were just more likely to be overweight to begin with. To find out,researchers designed a study in which 52 obese women took part in a 12-week weightloss program. All had the same number of calories over the day, but half ha

38、d breakfast,while the other half did not. What they found was that it wasnt breakfast itself thatcaused the participants to lose weight: it was changing their normal routine.E If breakfast alone isnt a guarantee of weight loss, why is there a linkbetween obesity and skipping breakfast? Alexandra Joh

39、nstone, professor of appetiteresearch at the University of Aberdeen, argues that it may simply be becausebreakfast-skippers have been found to be less knowledgeable about nutrition andhealth. “There are a lot of studies on the relationship between breakfast eating andpossible health outcomes, but th

40、is may be because those who eat breakfast choose tohabitually have health-enhancing behaviors such as not smoking and regularexercise,” she says.F A 2016 review of 10 studies looking into the relationship between breakfastand weight management concluded there is “limited evidence” supporting or refu

41、tingthe argument that breakfast influences weight or food intake, and more evidence isrequired before breakfast recommendations can be used to help prevent obesity.G Researchers from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen arehalfway through research looking into the mechanisms behind ho

42、w the time we eatinfluences body weight. Early findings suggest that a bigger breakfast is beneficial toweight control. Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight. Skippingbreakfast has been associated with a 27% increased risk of heart disease, a 21%higher risk of type 2 diabetes men,

43、 and a 20% higher risk of type 2 diabetes in women.One reason may be breakfasts nutritional valuepartly because cereal is fortifiedwith vitamins. In one study on the breakfast habits of 1,600 young people in the UK,researchers found that the fiber and micronutrient intake was better in those who had

44、breakfast regularly. There have been similar findings in Australia, Brazil, Canada andthe US.H Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, includingconcentration and language use. Areview of 54 studies found that eating breakfast canimprove memory, though the effects on other brain fu

45、nctions were inconclusive.However, one of the reviews researchers, Mary Beth Spitznagel, says there is“reasonable” evidence breakfast does improve concentrationthere just needs to bemore research. “Looking at studies that tested concentration, the number of studiesshowing a benefit was exactly the s

46、ame as the number that found no benefit,” she says.“And no studies found that eating breakfast was bad for concentration.”I Whats most important, some argue, is what we eat for breakfast.High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing food andconsumption later in the day,

47、according to research by the Australian CommonwealthScientific and Industrial Research Organization. While cereal remains a firm favoriteamong breakfast consumers in the UK and US, a recent investigation into the sugarcontent of “adult” breakfast cereals found that some cereals contain more than thr

48、eequarters of the recommended daily amount of free sugars in each portion, and sugarwas the second or third highest ingredient in cereals.J But some research suggests if were going to eat sugary foods, its best to doit early. One recruited 200 obese adults to take part in a 16-week-long diet, where

49、halfadded dessert to their breakfast, and half didnt. Those who added dessert lost anaverage of 40 pounds morehowever, the study was unable to show the long-termeffects. A review of 54 studies found that there is no consensus yet on what type ofbreakfast is healthier, and concluded that the type of

50、breakfast doesnt matter as muchas simply eating something.K While theres no conclusive evidence on exactly what we should be eatingand when, the consensus is that we should listen to our own bodies and eat whenwere hungry. “Breakfast is most important for people who are hungry when theywake up,” Joh