最强专八改错总结(华研、星火)(共6页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 改错主要考查：1.语法2.词汇的搭配与用法3.对篇章结构（句子间逻辑关系）  八大类错误：1.短语搭配错误；2.易混词错误；3.逻辑关系错误；4.代词错误（一致错误）；5.冠词错误；6.形容词和副词使用错误；7.成分残缺或冗余；8.动词时态或语态错误。总结华研·专八人文知识与改错和星火·专八改错满分突破60篇两本练习册中近100篇改错题的，搜集其中出现的所有典型错误例子（语法词汇类错误居多），并根据所属错误类型整理如下。 （注意：带>的表示前边的是错误的，后边的是改正之后的；其他的没有正确错误之分） 

2、专心-专注-专业1.短语搭配错误 （大部分为介词错误）carry/get with things > carry/get on with thingsto let alone > let alonein return to > in return forthe need of > the need forsubstitute A with B > substitute A for Baccount 70% -> account for 70%under the grounds of/that > on the grounds of/thata

3、ttitude on life > attitude towards/to lifein a quick speed > at a quick speedwith many respects > in many respectsat the face of > in the face(s) ofconsiderations to > considerations forbecome victims of  -> become victims to ride in a train > ride on a trainthe problems wi

4、th the government > the problems for the governmentresistive against > resistive toresistance of > resistance toembark sth > embark on sthwith the belief that > in the belief thatat advance of sth > in advance of sthinterpret to > interpret asin line to > in line withto varin

5、g degrees > in varing degreestake pride of > take pride inleap out to me > leap out at meinject them lethal strains > inject them with lethal strainscharge him with the same price > charge him the same priceimbalance of A and B > imbalance between A and Bshortage of protein with th

6、em > shartage of protein among themfortify sb for sth > fortify sb against sth (加强以抵御)shed light to sth > shed light on sthin proportion with > in proportion topay for it with dollars > pay for it in dollarsbe in liberty to > be at liberty tobegin at doing > begin with doingbe c

7、ontrasted to > be contrasted withcommit an offence to > commit an offence againstmodern time > modern timesability of (doing) sth > ability in (doing) sthdefend sth against > defend sth fromat the first place > in the first placepay money in doing > pay money for doingtake to do

8、 > take to doing (“求助于，开始”，to为介词)yearn to > yearn forat average > on averageidentify oneself to > identify oneself withbe successful on doing > be successful at/in doingget ones teeth on > get ones teeth into(埋头做，认真做)the action of formation > the action of forming (of后应接动名词而非名词)

9、approach to do > approach to doing one contributor of > one contributor toconsumers demand of luxury goods > consumers demand for luxury goodson ones 30s > in ones 30sbalk to > balk at (回避，绕过)differ A from B > distinguish A from Bsuit to sb/sth > suit for sb/sthvary by vary with

10、emphasis of emphasis on 2.易混词错误(1)形近异义词imaginative imaginaryadapt adoptconfirm conformformer formaldiary dairypersonal personnelbeside besidesprincipal principleintelligent intelligibleconscious conscientiousstationary stationeryconsiderate considerableaffect(影响) effect(致使、达成)contact contractmo

11、ral moraleindustrious industrialdesert dessertrequire acquire inquirepresence presentationsensible sensitivetransformation transmissionvalue evaluatetense tensionanything somethingcooker cookcomplexity(复杂性) complex(合成体)insurance assuranceprovide(提供) provided/providing(假设，如果)perceive conceiveeffectiv

12、e(有效的) affective(受影响的，由引起的) (2)形近(形异)近义词latter laterlate(迟的，已故的) latest(最晚的，最新的)farther(距离更远) further(程度更进一步)healthy(健康的) healthful(有益健康的)effective efficientcontinual(连续的) continuous(持续不断的)respectable respectfulhistoric historicalrise arise raise arousesure insure ensure assurein return to in r

13、esponse toopposite oppositionproducing productivelonely aloneacross crossimpressed - impressivepermit(n.通行证) permissionrelating relatedmemorizing memorablenormal(n.常态,通常标准,一般水平) norm(规范,行为标准)favorite favorableacceptability acceptanceeconomical economicfew littlea few fewlittle a littleinvent discove

14、rbefore agoanother otheragent(代理人) agency(代理机构)reward(回馈) award(奖赏)special specific (3)兼有两种形式的副词firstly first (firstly用于列举条目或者表示顺序，first表示时间上“第一次、首次”)hardly(几乎不) hard(努力地)sure surelylate latelyclear(完全地、径直地) clearly(显然、清楚地)high(高度高地) highly(程度高地、非常)close(接近地、紧密地) closely(紧密地、严密地)most(最) most(大部

15、分) (4)反义词with withoutpossible impossiblesubjective objectiveimport exportbetter worseemployee employeremployment unemploymentmodifiable unmodifiablenatural unnaturaldiscernable indiscernablelent borrowedexclusive inclusiveindependency dependencywilling unwillingnothing more than nothing less th

16、anagree disagreerarely frequently / oftenspecific generalless more (still more still less)most leastknown unknownrespective irrespective (irrespective of表示“不管”)majority minorityresult in result fromfortunately - unfortunatelypowerful powerlesseasiness uneasinessprofessional amateuraware unawareinclu

17、de exclude (5) 名词单复数异义moral morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示“道德、伦理”)collection(不可数名词表示“各种因素集合体”) collections(可数名词表示“收藏品”)manner(方法,方式) manners(礼仪,礼节)saving savings(复数表示“存款”)specie(硬币) species(种类)（species只有单数）mean(n.平均值) means(方法) (6) 易混短语live with(同一起生活,忍受) live by(靠过活)go about (doing) sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流

18、传,经常从事于) go around(四处走动,绕道走)tend to intend toin next week(以当下时间为基准点) in the next week(以过去的时间为基准点)spend in doing sth spend on sthdie of(内部) die from(外部)rather than other thanhave sb do sth have sth donetake on(从事，开始对付，呈现) go on(继续)take place take the place ofconsist in(在于) consist of(包括)in all(总共) af

19、ter all(毕竟)in return(作为报答) in turn(反过来，轮流)one reason for +短语 one reason why +句子bring out(使显露，使显现) bring up(教育，培养，提出，(船)抵达目的地)be worth doing be worthwhile to doreact to(对作出反应) react with(以作出反应)apply to(将应用于) apply for(请求，申请)3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）therefore nevertheless/however (大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然)

20、and but / whileor andbut becausemoreover howeverafter beforesince althoughthere is no there is alsothat iffrom now on from then onall nonebesides yetif unlessbesides excepttherefore becauseso becauseso does he neither/nor does hethats why +结果 thats because +原因as if even ifwhether if4.代词错误（一致错误）their

21、 itsthat those (需要特别注意)which that (有些情况下关系代词只能用that)which whatit itself (主宾相同，宾语用反身代词)that/this it (只有it可作形式主语)his ones (泛指时用one)you yourselfit theythis suchXX is less sophisticated than what they are today XX is less sophisticated than they are today  5.冠词错误(1)定冠词多余on the either side >

22、 on either sidein the Europe > inEuropein the winter > in winter (季节前不加定冠词)Kaufman, the/an author of a recent book Kaufman, author of a recent book(同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词)take the issue > take issue(对持异议，不同意) (2)定冠词缺漏among most > among the mostone of first > one of the firstatmosphere

23、 > the atmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)（另外还有如：the Equator, the Outerspace）between us and rest > between us and the restin minority > in the minorityaround floor > around the floorpiano > the piano (西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)English language > the English languageat heart of > at the heart ofworld >

24、the world(表示“地球”这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)in long run > in the long run (3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用illustrate the further difference > illustrate a further difference (diference第一次提及) 注意以下短语的区别in church in the churchat college at the collegein court in the courtin hospital in the hospitalin office in the

25、officein prison in the prisonat sea at the seain school in the schoolat table at the table 6.形容词与副词使用错误have been currently > currentbe well equipped as > be as well equipped asheavy industrialized > heavily-industrializedspread colossal > spread colossallysimilar strong > similar

26、ly strongkeep the number constantly at X a year > keep number constant at X a yearfeel hopeless thwarted > feel hopelessly thwartedcomparative high proportion > comparatively high proportion(quakes) start deeply in the earth > start deep in the earthin the passed 5 years > in the past

27、 5 yearsculture embedded attitudes > culturally embedded attitudesas much as > as often asfrom one meter afar > from one meter awayincreasing > increasinglysimple > simplypure > purelymuch > manymany > morelarge > largerearly > earlier 7.成分残缺多余(单复数)a world which I

28、could get > a world in which I could getshows > that shows (先行词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不可省略)take for granted that > take it for grated that1980 1980sone of the most glaring form > one of the mist glaring formstheir jobs engage in their interest > their jobs engage their interest (engage单独使用表示“占

29、用（某人时间），吸引（某人注意力）”)complain about sth > complain sthwork sth > work out sthbelieve in believe (believe单独使用表示一般的“相信”，believe in表示“信任某人，信仰”)point sth > point out sth20 percents > 20 percenteyes contact > eye contactseven sevenththe process which it function > the process by which it

30、functioncommunication service > communications service (通信服务、通讯服务)average incomes > average income (income为不可数名词)the like of > the likes of(诸如此类的)be referred to XX > be referred to as XXbe viewed as work of are > be viewed as a work of art(work作为“作品”讲时，为可数名词)8.时态或语态错误went goagreeing a

31、greedconsisted consistingbored boringfavoring favoredif she was > if she were(非真实条件句)involves involvingwill would (虚拟语气中)delaying delayed (已完成概念或者被动概念)the promise of improving quality of life > the promise of improved quality of life (已完成概念或者被动概念)assure assures (第三人称单数)have has (要看清句子真正的主语)dev

32、eloping developedconfronting confrontedthe least understanding > the least understoodwhat the have told what they have been toldif circumstances become favorable if circumstances should become favorable 一开始就去记这些例子的效果并不理想，最适宜的方法是先做一定数量的改错练习，然后再看上边的总结以及例子，过后再去做题，就能够掌握改错的一些规律，识别出更多的错误并能将其改正，形成自己的做题方法。另外，要将语法词汇错误和语篇错误区别开来，语法词汇掌握较好，并不代表改错能做好，还要在文章理解上下功夫（有的改错文章其实比较难），应先通读全文，然后再一行一行地去识别错误所在，这样一些很隐蔽的语篇错误就能显现出来。不要一上来就开始找错误，边找错边读文章，这样的结果往往是，一些词汇错误都能找到，但做完后不知所云，好多语篇错误也没有看出来。