国际商务英语授课国际商务 (13).pdf

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1、WTOs TPR of China:China as a major contributor to the multilateral-tradingsystem世贸组织世贸组织审议审议中国中国贸易政策贸易政策:中国是中国是多边贸易体制的多边贸易体制的主要贡献者主要贡献者世界贸易组织(WTO)的贸易政策审议机制（TPRM）是通过审议使各成员的贸易政策遵守世贸组织规则和承诺，从而推进多边贸易体制的平稳运行。2021 年10 月 22 日贸易政策审议机构对中国贸易政策的第八次审议结束，认为中国是多边贸易体制的主要贡献者。TheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)istheonlyg

2、lobalinternationalorganization dealing with the rules of trade between nations.The goal is to ensurethat trade flows as smoothly,predictably and freely as possible.Surveillance ofnational trade policies is a fundamentally important activity running throughout thework of the WTO.At the centre of this

3、 work is the Trade Policy Review Mechanism(TPRM).All WTO members are reviewed,the frequency of each countrys reviewvarying according to its share of world trade.The aim of the TPRMThe Trade Policy Review Mechanism is the WTOs transparency pillar,aiming toimprove members adherence to WTO rules and th

4、us to the functioning of themultilateral trading system.Through its regular Trade Policy Reviews(TPR),the mechanism enablesmembers to collectively examine the trade policies and practices of individualmembers in all trade-related areas.The conductor of the TPRAll WTO Members are subject to review un

5、der the TPRM.The Annex mandatesthat the four Members with the largest shares of world trade be reviewed each twoyears,the next 16 be reviewed each four years,and others be reviewed each sixyears.A longer period may be fixed for least-developed country Members.The reviews take place in the Trade Poli

6、cy Review Body（TPRB）which is actuallythe WTO General Council comprising the WTOs full membership operatingunder special rules and procedures.The reviews are therefore essentially peer-groupassessments,although much of the factual leg-work is done by the WTO Secretariat.The report of of the TPRThe re

7、ports consist of detailed chapters examining the trade policies andpractices of the Member and describing trade policymaking institutions and themacroeconomic situation;these chapters are preceded by the Secretariats Summary,which summarize the report and presents the Secretariats perspective on the

8、Members trade policies.The Secretariat report and the Members policy statementare published after the review meeting,along with the text of the TPRBChairpersons Concluding Remarks delivered at the conclusion of the meeting.The eighth TPR of ChinaThis year marks the 20th anniversary of Chinas accessi

9、on to the WTO.China had undergone seven trade policy reviews by the WTO previously.SinceChinas previous Trade Policy Review in 2018,the countrys economy has been amajor driver of global growth.Real GDP growth rates fell from just under 7.0%in2016-18 to 6.0%in 2019 and 2.3%in 2020.Growth is projected

10、 to reach 6.0%againin 2021,as economic activities are expected to normalize.Chinas GDP per capita wasUSD 11,710 in 2020,up from USD 9,976 in 2018.The World Trade Organization(WTO)started the eighth trade policy review ofChina on 20 and 22 October 2021.The basis for the review is a report by the WTOS

11、ecretariat and a report by the Government of China.The eighth Trade Policy Review of China has been on the successful conclusion.The followings are some of the remarks by the Chairperson of TPRB for the tradepolicy review of China:Members commended China for its overall solid economic performance du

12、ringthe review period and noticed that the Chinese economy had continued to be amajor driver of global economic growth.They noted that the outbreak of theCOVID 19 pandemic had a major impact on Chinas output and employment in2020,but underlined that Chinas economy had shown remarkable resilience in

13、thewake of the health crisis.Noting that China benefited enormously from the multilateral trading system.Many Members also recognized Chinas participation in regional integration and tooknote of its growing network of free-trade agreements.MemberswelcomedChinasstatedcommitmenttocontinuedtradeliberal

14、ization.With regard to tariffs,Members applauded China for unilaterallyreducing MFN applied tariffs on a wide range of products and for providingpreferential tariff treatment to LDCs.Many Members showed appreciation for Chinas support given to developingand least developed countries.In this context,

15、China was commended for thedelivery of COVID-19 vaccines,for providing preferential tariff treatment to LDCs,forits ongoing participation in the Aid for Trade Initiative,and for its overall engagementin South-South cooperation.Members expressed support for Chinas efforts to promote the use of cleane

16、nergy and the recent establishment of a carbon emission trading system,with aview to decarbonizing its economy.The Trade Policy Review Mechanism indeed has an important role forengendering constructive dialogue among Members and in increasing transparency.May I then add my word of congratulations to

17、 China on the successful conclusion ofits eighth Trade Policy Review and thank all the delegations for their cooperation andassistance.References：1.WTO to conduct 8th trade policy review of Chinahttps:/ 15:042.Trade policy reviews:ensuring transparencyhttps:/www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif

18、_e/agrm11_e.htm3.30 years of the Trade Policy Review Mechanismhttps:/www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tprm30_e.htm4.Trade Policy Reviewshttps:/www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tpr_e.htm5.WTO to conduct 8th trade policy review of Chinahttps:/ 15:046.Concluding remarks by the Chairpersonhttps:/www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/tpr_e/tp515_e.htmAccessed:2021-10-28