中考英语动词填空精讲讲义.docx

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1、第件事，希望家明，考试是源于课本，于课本，但是永远不会考原题，家需要具备归纳总结的能，个知识点考试会对应那些考点，怎么考 考试想考分：知识和做题是两回事，定要学习题型法 基础知识+题型法 注意：基础知识保证80到85 （100分制习题） 想突破90分，需要掌握一些考题的题型方法. 动词填空需要具备基础知识谓语动词基础知识：（1）时态 基础： 时态的定义，时态be动词和为动词结构，时态对应的关键词，陈述句般疑问句特殊疑问句结构都需要掌握; 宾语从句 (三种情况)，状语从句时态（时间状语从句，条件状语从句） 能够熟练运各种时态造句 句型转换（陈述句变般疑问句、对划线部分提问） （2）被动语态 标准

2、：中考考察三时态的被动语态结构+情态动词被动语态结构（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态结构） 1. 三时态的被动语态结构及其对标的般疑问句结构学有余的同学：其余时态的被动语态结构可以掌握下；那些动词有被动语态；被动语态的些特殊点（write,sell,wash等词表示主语性质，被动语态）；使役动词和感官动词使语态时后的动词原形要还原动词不定式 2. 能够熟练运各种时态的被动语态造句 3. 句型转换（陈述句变般疑问句） （3）非谓语动词to do/doing/done固定搭配 . 下为考题解题能总结： 动词填空考点： 一谓语动词的考点 语态（主动与被动） 时态（八大时态） 主谓致解题

3、思路： 先考虑语态，再看时态，最后考虑主谓一致 注意：为什么要先考虑语态，很多同学容易把语态漏掉 (因为中国说话很少被动，外喜欢被动)，做题的时候，定要先看语态，不被动语态 时态如何确定： 核思路定动作发的时间（现在的，还是过去，还是将来的）从来定时态 （1）找时间提示词（即时态关键词）找到后，定要笔圈出来，这步定要做，定要做，定要做 般过去时的关键词：yesterday, just now, the other days, in the past, last+表示时间的词如：night, term, year等；when+般过去时的句，once(曾经)，in history 般现在时：oft

4、en, usually, sometimes, seldom, every day, every week, on sunday 般将来时： next+时间，in+段时间，in the future, tomorrow, 现在完成时：so far; since+过去的时间般过去时的句；in/during/over the past few years; in/during/over the last few years; already; yet；recently；次数（neveronce/twice/three times等）；till now （2） 如果没有时间标志词和其他关键词，通过语

5、境定位动作发的时间 例句展示： Amy, when i called you, nobody answer it. Sorry, I was doing ( do ) my homework. 解析：（1）整个对话没有时间标志性和其他关键词，根据上述法，没有时间标志词和其他关键词，通过语境定位动作发的时间 （2）根据语境动作应该发在过去，结合语境分析，打电话那会在吗，过去正在做的事情，所以 过去进时 注意：没有时间标志词，需要掌握各种时态结构，怎么挖掘动作发的时间，看隔壁完整的句中谓语动词，每种时态结构就是时间的体现 过去进行时和一般过去时的区别： 过去进时： I was reading bo

6、oks yesterday morning. 我昨天上午直在读书。 当语境中，过去你没有做某事，说明那会在做别的事情。 般过去时：I read two books yesterday morning. 我昨天上午读了两本书。 共同点：动作都发在过去 区别：般过去时：动作在过去结束 过去进时：当时没有结束，在做 精选题演练时态的判定： 判定哪种时态的精选题 考点1: 1. When _ you _ (see) the film? I saw it last night. 关键词：last night ，过去时间，考察般过去时疑问句变化 2. Who _ (invent) the first te

7、lephone in history? 关键词： in history 过去时间 ，疑问词作主语 3. He always _ (ride) to work when he was young. when连词后，时间状语是过去，描述是过去的事情，进过去的，般过去时 4. He is afraid that he _ (see) his teacher on his way to school tomorrow. 关键词提示tomorrow，进将来的，般将来时 5. To keep safe, everyone _ (tell) to wear a seat belt (安全带) in a ca

8、r just now. 根据语境，被动语态；根据just now 时间标志词，般过去时，考察般过去时的被动语态； everyone做主语，谓语动词单数 正确答案：was told 考点2: 关键词和时间状语 1. where is the cake for my teacher?Sorry, I _ (eat) it. 2. Dont speak aloud. The baby _ (sleep). 3. He _ (not pass) the final exam. He is now studying hard on all the subjection. 4. I _ (get) up

9、late, so I was late for school today. so连词后，是过去时，描述的是过去的事情，进过去的，般过去时 5. He put on his new coat quickly and _ (leave) the classroom. 关键词put 对时态的结构掌握较透彻，put没有三单，所以and 前过去时，and后并列的动词要过去时注意：所有时态的结构中只有般现在时和般过去时不需要助动词帮助，其余都需要有助动词帮助，结构：主+动词形式变化 被动语态考察类型（被动语态结构仅需要记3+1（般过去时，般现在时，般将来时，情态动词） 考察1: 跟单宾的动词 （1） Wh

10、o _ (invite) to Millies birthday party next Saturday? 根据主谓逻辑关系，被邀请，被动语态，根据时间关键词next Saturday, 般将来时 般将来时被动语态 Eg：These trees _ (plant) next year. 考察2: 跟双宾的动词（give, ask, tell, buy, offer, teach等） 例题1: I _ (tell) what he has come back. 例题2: He _ (give) these apples. 很多同学常容易忽略，解决此类题的问题，先第点，要记住常双宾动词的法，通过翻

11、译来体会不被动语态 1. 简单以上的例题2为例： give的法 give sb sth 给某某物 give sth to sb 把某物给 某 2. 掌握法之后，翻译此题，他给苹果 不符合give的法，真实语境应该是他被给予了 苹果。 所以此题要被动语态 解题思路实战分析（题型思路也是中考动词填空谓语动词分析思路）标准的解题流程： 例题: I dont know the competition of model planes _ (cancel) the other day. 本题根据分析，考察谓语动词 1.先看语态，主语赛和取消，逻辑关系应该取消赛，赛被取消，被动语态 2.分析时态，看句中有般

12、过去时时态关键词the other day，拿笔圈出来，时态定了 般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were+done 3.分析主谓致，主语是单数，谓语动词也要单数 正确答案是was+canceled 中考英语精选习题操练： 1. It is said that some people _ (send) to Mars in a few years. 2. The trees on both sides of the road _ (plant) by volunteers on March 12 last year. 3. This kind of computer selling well

13、in the shop _ (make) in china. 4. Last year a large number of trees _ (cut) down because of the heavy snow. 5. The bright classrooms in the tall building _ (clean) by the students every day. 6. He _ (offer) some new books and money to go on with study after the earthquake. 7. _ the tourists _ (remin

14、d) to take some warm clothes during the trip during the trip? 8. All the rules _ (explain) clearly before the game starts. Please dont worry. 9. Another two months will be needed before the new bridge _ (complete). 10. Not only Peter but also I _ (offer) a well-paid job because of our efforts the da

15、y before yesterday. 10个题反复练习操练，熟悉解题思路 现在完成时考察类型（定要背诵掌握）： 考点1: 发在过去不确定时间的动作对现在造成的影响 例题1: Look, how clean the classroom is! I guess someone _ (clean) it. 例题2: we _ (eat) up all the food, but we still feel hungry. 例题3: -Guo Taos new book about his stories with his son _ (come) out. Really? Why not go t

16、o the bookshop and buy one right now? 例题4: Turn off the radio, dear. Baby is sleeping. There is no need. He _ (wake) up. 此种题家容易和般过去时混淆，需要复习知识点：现在完成时和般过去时的区别 解题思路：（1）如果句中有明确过去时间标志词，则般过去时 （2）如果句中没有有明确过去时间标志词，通过句语境分析，动作发在过去，如果语境中有 现在的情况描述，过去的动作和现在构成因果联系，则现在完成时，对应上的四个例题 考点2: 现在完成时关键词 so far; since+过去的时间

17、般过去时的句；in/during/over the past few years; in/during/over the last few years; already; yet；recently；次数（neveronce/twice/three times等）；till now 经典考题： 例题1: Since 2003, China _ (try) best to help solve the nuclear problem in North Korea(朝 鲜). 例题2: Neither students nor the teacher _ (promise) Linda anothe

18、r chance recently. 例题3: Great changes _ (take) place in Changzhou in the past 10 years. 例题4: One of my friends _ (be) to the Great Wall twice. 例题5: The famous scientist _ (invent) many useful works so far. 考点3: 瞬间性动词和延续性动词，考察题型：单项选择题完成句，完成句中关键词“已经” ， 句的时态现在完成时 翻译：我想知道他已经离开多久了。 I wonder how long he h

19、as been away. I wonder how long he left. (错误) how long是段时间，要延续性动词 考点4: for+段时间不定是现在完成时的关键词，若for+段时间过去到现在的话，则现在完成时； 若for+段时间表示过去段时间，则般过去时；若for+段时间表示过去时的时间表示将来的段 时间，则般将来时 经典考题 例题1: I will return the book, because I _ (keep) it for a week. 例题2: She _ (teach) Maths in that Middle School for 2 years, but

20、 now she works as an accountant. 例题3: He _ (work) in Shanghai for 10 years. Now, he has return to Nanjing. 例题4: My father _ (work) in a factory for fifive years. But now he is a teacher. 考点5: 单项选择题考察： have been to (去过了，已经回来了) have gone to (去了未回，在去的路上或者已经到了) Have been in (待了多久) 注意：后跟地点副词“here,there,h

21、ome” ，介词需省略。 例题： Not only Mr. and Mrs. Brown but also their daughter _ abroad twice. A. have gone B. have been C .has gone D. has been 考点5: 对现在完成时本质概念的理解（现在完成时属于现在时间范畴的时态） 例题: Have you handed in your project? - No. I _ (check) it again right away. 动词填空从句部分考察： （1）if 引导的主将从现，主情从现，主祈从现 有两考点，是考从句部分，if后为

22、从句部分，时态为般现在时 是考主句，根据从句句意能体会出来，未发的事情，主句般现在时表将来 例题1: 主将从现 If you _ ( not be ) careful, you will make mistakes in the test. 此题很多同学容易写成dont be，审题要审清楚，此题考察的是般现在时be动词的否定形式。 例题2: 主情从现 If you _ (work) hard, you can make much progress in the next test. 例题3:主祈从现 If you _ (come) tomorrow, please call me. 中考精选习

23、题： If you _ (not be) lucky enough, you wont get the chance to study in that school. If we cut down trees, our village _ (wash) away by floods. If your report _ (finish), you can go and play tennis. 注意：怎么区分if引导是条件状语从句还是宾语从句？ （1）if引导从句与主句逗号隔开，条件状语从句，必考主将从现 （2）如果if引导从句与主句没有逗号隔开，从句划出来，从句掉，主句不完整，宾从，按宾从的

24、时态处理；从句掉，主句完整，条件状语从句，主将从现 when 引导的从句也是这么区分 例题：1. I still dont know if I _(offer) the job. -Dont worry. Im sure you will get it. 2. All foods can make a person fat if too much _(eat) （2）时间状语从句： when, before, after, until, as soon as 引导时间状语从句都可以主将从现 1. when the work _ (finish), he will call me. 2. -Wh

25、en shall we go to watch the basketball match in the sports centre? Not until the work _ (complete) tomorrow. 3. Another two months will be needed before the new bridge _ (complete). 时间状语从句从句部分是过去的时态，主句也要相应过去的时态 My mother _ (cook) when i came home. My mother _ ( cook ) for me when i was young. （3）宾语从

26、句的考点： 考点1: 从句部分描述的客观事实，论从句何种时态，般现在时表将来，般考察般现在时 的三单 i dont know that light _ (travel) faster than sound. 考点2: 主句是过去的时态，从句相应的过去的时态 He said he _ (hand) in the project the next day. 这个知识点很多孩会忽略的，很容易写成般将来时 （4）特殊考题： . 般将来时有个特殊考点需要注意： 1. Your parents _ (make) dinner in the kitchen this evening， arent they？

27、 2. _ your parents _ (make) dinner in the kitchen this evening? No, they arent. 三. 难点题型 谓语动词考点还有些隔离结构需要注意： 1. He with his parents often _ (go) shopping on weekends. 常结构还有 sb as well as sb, sb together with sb, sb along with sb等 采取就远原则，此种结构般常考般现在时 2. sb/sth 定语从句 _ (do) sth. 例题1: The national day i lo

28、oked forward to _ (come) . 例题2: The man i like _ (come). 例题3: The village he was used to _ (change). 例题4: The charity show he devoted much time to_(prove) to be a success. 例题5: The boy his teacher paid much attention to _(improve) a lot in the test at last. 例题6: The surgeon he thought of _(operate)

29、on a patient carefully now. 3. sb/sth 过去分词 _ (do) sth. 例题1: The boy paid much attention to _(improve) a lot in the test at last. 例题2: The boy called John _(play) football now. 例题3: The book written by Moyan _(translate) into Chinese. 变形考点：The boy _(call) John is playing football. 这种题型不常考，也可能考到，解题思路：

30、往后看如果有谓语动词，前应该填填谓语动词to do/ done/doing 谓语动词的考点： 谓语动词（to do, doing, done）（初中阶段按固定搭配记忆即可） 注意事项：要明英语句的构成，只要满主谓就是个英语句，如果这个句（没有任何连词）再出现动词，就要谓语动词(to do/doing/done). 例如： 他喜欢吃苹果。 He likes eating apples. like是谓语动词，再出现动词eat，doing的形式 第个考点：谓语动词： 考点1: 仅跟动词doing 的点： 1. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 He enjoys _ (play) comp

31、uter games. 2. finish doing sth 完成做某事 When will you fifinish _ (do) your homework? 3. Practice doing sth 练习做某事 He is practicing _ (play) football. 4. keep +doing sth 直做某事 5. mind+doing sth 介意做某事 would you mind my _ (open) the window? 6. avoid+doing sth 避免做某事 7. imagine+doing sth 设想做某事 8. suggest+doi

32、ng sth 建议做某事 变形考点： mind _ (not open) the window 解析：考察动名词否定形式 not opening 9. sth be worth doing 某事值得做 10. sth require doing 某事需要被做 sth need doing 某事需要被做 例题： My watch has broken. It need/require _ (fix). 考点2: 介词（at, for, in, with, without, by, after, before 等）+doing sth 1. He is good at _ (play) footb

33、all. 2. Thank you for _ (help) me. 3. He is interested in _ (play) football. 4. He study English by _ (listen) to English songs. 5. He run to school without _ (eat) breakfast. 6. look forward to +doing sth 期待做某事 I look forward to _ (see) you soon. 7. devote to He devoted his whole life to _ (machine

34、) the machine. 8. pay attention to doing sth 考点3: have fun doing sth/ have a good time doing sth/enjoy oneself doing sth 做某事玩得开 What great fun you had _ (play) football! I have fun _ (play) football. 考点4: sb spend time (in) doing sth 某花费时间做某事 He spends most time _ (do) your homework. He spends as mu

35、ch time as he can _ (play) football. 考点5: 只跟to do的考点： hope to do 希望做某事 I hope _ (see) you soon. 特别注意：没有hope sb to do sth 这种法 I hope you _ (come) you early. 遇到hope 跟sb, 就是考察谓语动词 考点6: tell sb to do sth 告诉某做某事 ask sb to do sth 叫某做某事 invite sb to do sth 邀请某做某事 teach sb to do sth 教某做某事 （teach的过去式需要注意，全国各

36、地学量出错点，你肯定也中过头彩，teach-taught 名词 teacher 师） want sb to do sth 想要某做某事 would like sb to do sth 想要某做某事 advise sb to do sth 建议某做某事 同时需要注意，advise 的名词形式 advice, 为不可数名 词 expect sb to do sth 期待某做某事 expect to do sth 期待做某事 encourage sb to do sth 励某做某事 courage n.勇 allow sb to do sth 允许某做某事 need sb to do sth 需要某

37、做某事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某做某事 warn sb to do sth 警告某做某事 (般是初三的考察) 上所有对第个动作否定，都是在动词不定式前加not 考点如下： 以tell 为例 he tells me _ (clean) the classroom. he tells me _ (not clean) the classroom. 变形考点：变成被动语态来考察 I was told _ (clean) the classroom. i was told _ (not clean) the classroom. 难题：有时中间会加隔离结构 he tells sb

38、, 加个插语 , _ (not do) sth. 考点7: 既能跟doing, 也能跟to do的考点 1. Stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停下做某事考试多数情况下对于 stop 的考察就是考察上的两个法，考察的时候 多是根据语境 提示，选择 to do 还是 doing 精选习题: when our teacher came, we stopped _talking_ (talk). 当师进来后，我们停说话了。根据语境，填 stop doing you look very tired, so i think you should stop to

39、rest. 你看起来很累，因此我认为你应该停去 休息。 注意:stop 还有另外个法:stop. stop sb. ( from) doing sth. 阻某做某事同义表达：keep sb. from doing sth _阻某做某事 protect sb. from . 保护某不受侵袭 2. Remember to do sth 记得做某事(动作未发)Remember doing sth 记得曾做过某事 (动作已发)考试 多数情况下对于 stop 的考察就是考察上的两个法，考察的时候多是根据语境 提，选择 to do 还是 doing 精选习题:When you leave from the

40、 classroom, please remember _to clean_ (clean) it. 当你们离开教室的时 候，请记得打扫它。have you remember meeting me? 同样的道理，forget 的法也是样的 forget to do sth 忘记做某事(动作未发) Forget doing sth 忘记曾做过某事 (动作已发) 考点解法如上，正反义词，记住 remember，即可记住 forget 的法 3. try to do sth 努做某事 Try doing sth 试着去做某事 同样考点跟上述式样的根据语境判断哪种形式 Please try _to w

41、ork_ (work) hard to pass the exam. 为了通过考试，尽作。However difficult it is, try _doing_ (do) it. 论它有多难，试着去做这件事。 同样的考点，上的这些依然可以对后的动作进否定，也是在动词不定前加not do 如： Try not to do sth 尽不做某事try not to open the window. 考点8: 感官动词的法 see sb （to）do sth 看见某做过某事或者经常做某事 变成被动语态要还原 sb be seen to do sth see sb doing sth 看见某正在做某事

42、 notice(注意)， hear (听到)，watch(看) 例题： He often sees you_play_ (play) football. He saw you _playing_ (play) football just now. He was often seen _to_play_ (play) football. 考点9: 跟动词原型 1. make作为使役动词法 make sb do sth 让某做某事 make sb not do sth 让某事不做某事 he makes me _ (clean) the classroom. he makes me _ (not c

43、lean) the classroom. 2. make v. 制作 He made fire _ (keep) warm. 考点10: 句是动词的情况 1. _ （read ) books is my hobby. 如果往后看还有动词，并且动词是时态的变化，前动名词作主语 2. _ （protect) our environment, we should do what we can. 跟后的句逗号隔开，前是表的，动词不定式 3. _ （not forget) to clean the classroom. 考察祈使句，填动词原型 往后看没有谓语动词，独的个句，考祈使句 需要关注并列连词，出现并列连词，格外注意 例1: _(connect) what you read with what you see around you and you may fifinish the task easily. 例2: David, _(open) the window and its very cold outside. 考点11:疑问词加to do