医学英语教案.pdf

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1、三全学院外语系教案首页三全学院外语系教案首页课程名称医学英语授课题目Unit One：Introduction to Disease(Book Two)授课对象Grade 2009(本科及专升本 2009 级)Course Introduction：60ms;时间分配Word Study:40ms;Text Analysis:120msExercises:20ms课时目标Get familiar with this book and basic introduction to disease.授课重点Medical Terminology;Style of Medical English;Di

2、sease;考研英语授课难点Introduction to Disease授课形式Classroom授课方法Students centered with the guidance from the teacherCollegeCollegeEnglishEnglishforfor SeniorSenior MedicalMedicalStudentsStudents,onlineinformation,physiologyphysiology.Have you ever encountered any illness or disease?参考文献思考题教研室主教研室主任（签字）课程负责人（签

3、字）授课人（签字）任及课程负责人签字年月日年月日年月日TeachingTeachingProcedureProcedureI.Work ReviewI.Work ReviewII.Warming-up Activities Lead-inII.Warming-up Activities Lead-inIII.New Words&ExpressionsIII.New Words&ExpressionsIV.Text AnalysisIV.Text AnalysisV.Language Points:Sentence PatternsV.Language Points:Sentence Patte

4、rnsVI.ExercisesVI.ExercisesVII.HomeworkVII.HomeworkUnit One Introduction to DiseaseUnit One Introduction to DiseaseSection 1 IntroductionSection 1 IntroductionI.Introduction of Medical English and Our Study BookI.Introduction of Medical English and Our Study BookA.the relationship of medical English

5、 and our common college English;B.The introduction of the book and how we will go in the class and the time plan.II.II.Course Objectives Course ObjectivesA.A.VocabularyVocabularyMedical Terms15%;Popular Science V ocabulary15%;Essential Vocabulary70%Medical TermsMedical TermsBasic Word Structure:word

6、 root,suffix,prefix,combining vowelWord root:Word root:Its the main part or foundation of the word,usu.derived from Greek or Latin.Mostmedical terms have one or more word roots.Recognize word roots in the following non-medical words:Balance imbalance;teacher teaching teachesRecognize word roots in t

7、he following medical words:gastric:the root“gastr”meaningstomach.Suffix:Suffix:A suffix is added to the end of a word root to modify its meaning.The suffix will usu.tell what is happening to the root,indicate a procedure,condition,disease,or part ofspeech.Recognize the suffix in the following medica

8、l words:gastritis:-itis meaning inflammation,so the whole word means inflammation of thelining of the stomach.Prefix:Prefix:Its the word element located at the beginning of a word,changes the meaning of theword.It usu.tells sth.more specific about the word root,indicates a number,time,position,direc

9、tion,color etc.Recognize the preffix in the following medical words:transgastric:trans-meaning acrossCombining Vowel:Combining Vowel:A vowel(usu.O)linking the root to the suffix or to another root.Recognize the combining vowel in the following medical words:electrocardiogram(ECG)Rules of studying me

10、dical English:Read the meaning of medical terms from the suffix back to the first part of the word.Drop the combining vowel before a suffix beginning with a vowel.Retain the combining vowel between two roots in a word.Examplesgastroenterology:the root gastr means stomach,the root enter means intesti

11、nes,thesuffix-logy means process of study.B.Style of Medical English:B.Style of Medical English:Word医学英语用词特点：75%来自拉丁、希腊语；词汇意义较稳定;词汇不具有感情色彩；用词具体；注重专业意义、书面语言；较少用短语动词，常用单个动词词汇意义较稳定医学英语中有众多的习惯用语和专用术语，其词义的稳定性，使它们在表达某一概念或现象时，总是被重复使用。Exampleschange dressings（换敷料），goose flesh（鸡皮疙瘩），contrast medium（造影剂），blue

12、 spot（青斑），peptic ulcer（消化性溃疡），whooping cough（百日咳）词汇不具有感情色彩ExampleResponsible（1）The pilot of the plane is responsible for the passengers safety.（2）Bacteria or their products are responsible for most instances of food poisoning.用词具体医学英语很少使用具有夸张、比喻含义的词汇，用词具体化。Example“患者”（1）Adiabetic is not allowed to t

13、ake sweets.（2）The prescriber and the user of this product must master the terms hereof.（3）Cataracts are classified according to the age of the individual，etiology andmorphologic characteristics of the opacity.（4）He is a renal transplant recipient.较少用短语动词，常用单个动词医学英语较少使用短语动词，更多地使用所谓“规范”的书面语动词，常常用单个动词。

14、Example用 absorb 来表示 take in，用 discover 来表示 find out，用 observe 来表示 look at，用 cancel 来表示 call off。Style of Medical English:Grammar医学英语在语法结构上的一些特点：大量使用名词和名词词组，较多使用被动语态结构，频繁使用非谓语动词短语，含两个动词以上从句的长句多，用 will+动词原形或一般现在时，表示自然规律或通常结果。大量使用名词和名词词组医学英语常用由动词转化来的名词。Example大多数 II 型糖尿病人肥胖，所以饮食疗法的主要目的是减肥。限制热量摄入的饮食常可明显

15、改善高血糖症。译文 1:The majority of type II diabetic patients are obese.The main goal of diettherapy is therefore to lose weight.A diet restricted in calories usually improves thepatients hyperglycemia greatly.译文 2:The majority of type II diabetic patients are obese.The main goal of diettherapy is therefore

16、 weight loss.A diet restricted in calories usually results in a greatimprovement of the patients hyperglycemia.较多使用被动语态结构医学英语的文献中较多地使用被动语态结构ExampleThe infant with eczema must not be vaccinated until his skin has been clear for a yearor so，nor should he be exposed to other persons with fresh vaccinia

17、 lesions.The childwith eczema should also be protected，as far as possible，from the virus of herpessimplec，He should be immunized in the usual way against diphtheria，pertussis，tetanus and poliomyelitis.Egg-grown vaccines should be avoided in egg-sensitivepatients.频繁使用非谓语动词短语医学英语文献中，非谓语动词短语用得较频繁。Examp

18、leAll therapeutic programmes designed to decrease the cardiac load begin with rest.In the normal subject，the amount of blood that the heart iscalled upon to eject ismatched，to the.level of metabolic activity，automatically rising and falling with theoxygen consumption.By decreasing the metabolic requ

19、irements via restrictingactivity，the work required of the heart is decreased.含两个动词以上从句的长句多医学英语中，包含两个以上从句的长句较多。ExampleA closed operation is often preferable for patients with pure mitral stenosis who havenot been operated upon before，who have no detectable valvular or perivalvularcalcification on flu

20、oroscopic examination，and in whom there is no suspicion of leftatrial thrombosis.用 will+动词原形或一般现在时，表示自然规律或通常结果Example汉语原文 4:选择口服降血糖药或胰岛素须取决于许多因素，包括高血糖的程度，社会及经济状况，低血糖的相对风险和危险以及病人和医生个人所好。译文 1:The choice of an oral hypoglycemic drug or insulin must depend on manyfactors，including the degree 译文 2:The ch

21、oice of oral hypoglycemic drug or insulin will depend/depends onmany factors，includingSection 2 Text StudyIII.Introduction to DiseaseIII.Introduction to DiseaseA.A.QuestionQuestion:Have you ever encountered any illness or disease?B.B.New Words and PhrasesNew Words and Phrasesappreciation:n.欣赏，感激，鉴识，

22、评价，增值1.Mary was frustrated by the lack of appreciation shown of her work.玛丽因工作得不到赏识而灰心丧气。2.She shows little appreciation of good music.她对于好音乐几乎没有欣赏能力。3.Please accept this gift in appreciation of all youve done for us.多蒙鼎立协助，不胜感激，备些薄礼，敬请笑纳。compensate:v.补偿，赔偿，付报酬 make up,payShe was compensated by the

23、insurance company for her injuries.She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence.homeostasis:homeo-:前缀 pref.“相同”;“相似”homeochromatica.颜色相似的homeomorphn.异种同态hemoglobin:n.血红蛋白hemo-pref.“血”hemophilia 血友病hemodynamic 血液动力学的hemostasis 止血法hemolysis 溶血globin 球蛋白globinase 球蛋白酶hypertrophy n.v.肥

24、大，过度生长hyper-pref.“高”hypertensionhypersensitivityhyperthermiahyperthyroidismhyperlink 超链接malnutrition:n.营养不良mal-坏的，不正常的malware n.恶意软件malignantmalfunctionmalcontentmalformedadverse:a.不利的，逆向的，有害的adverse conditionsadverse windadverse circumstanceIf we had no winter,the spring would not be so pleasant,if

25、 we did notsometimes taste of adversity,prosperity would not be so welcome.observe:v.遵守；观察observe disciplineobserve the rules strictlyIt was observed by none.He observed that honors do not always went to those who deserved them.perceive:v.to become aware of,comprehendThe students perceived that his

26、behavior had changed.He has now perceived his error.concurrent:a.并发的，一致的，同时发生的concurrent postconcurrent engineeringA brief shot that interrupts the visual continuity of the main action of a film,often to depict related matter or supposedly concurrent action.切换镜头一种中断电影的主要情节画面的连续性的简短镜头，通常用来描绘相关事件或可能同时

27、发生的情节。prominent:a.突出的，显著的；杰出的,卓越的prominent earprominent featureprominent qualitya prominent authorprotrude:v.Stick out,bulge（使）突出He protruded his tongue.He glimpsed a gun protruding from the mans pocket.abuse:n.v.滥用，虐待alcohol/drug abusechild abuseHe was arrested on charge of corruption and abuse of

28、power.AmuseAmazesubside:v.趋于平静，平息，减弱，消退He waited nervously for his anger to subside.When the rain had subsided,we continued our walk.I took an aspirin and the pain gradually subsided.remission:n.（重病的）缓解期，减轻期The patient has been in remission for the past six months.remitto remit a tax/a fine/feesafte

29、rmath:n.（战争、事故、不快事情的）后果，创伤A lot of rebuilding took place in the aftermath of the war.afterlife afterglowaftereffectafterbirth aftercare aftershockaftertasteaftershavealleviate:v.减轻，缓和，缓解to alleviate sufferingA number of measures were taken to alleviate the problem.alleviationC.C.Text Structure:Text

30、Structure:How to maintain the homeostasis?The introduction to disease.Summary.D.D.Text StudyText StudyHow to maintain the homeostasis?How to maintain the homeostasis?The more one understands the functioning of the body,thegreater appreciationone has for it.appreciationthe more,the moreThe heart enla

31、rges with prolonged high blood pressure as it must continue topump blood against great resistance.As:becauseThe introduction to disease.The introduction to disease.1.1.The general introduction.The general introduction.2.2.Etiology or cause of the disease.Etiology or cause of the disease.3.3.Manifest

32、ation of disease:signs and symptoms.Manifestation of disease:signs and symptoms.4.4.Diagnosis,treatment,course,complications and aftermath of disease.Diagnosis,treatment,course,complications and aftermath of disease.The general introduction.The general introduction.Disease is the unhealthy state of

33、a body part,a physiologic system,or the body asa wholedefinitionheredity,anomaly,congenital heart defect,lesionEtiology or cause of the disease.Etiology or cause of the disease.heredity,environmental factors,malnutrition,stressheredity,environmental factors,malnutrition,stressInfectious agentsCommon

34、 cold and flu,abscesses and strep throat,athletes foot disease and wormdisease.(图片展示)Hemophilia,sickle cell anemia,and color blindness.图片展示，简单介绍Make a diagnosis,specialize in,transmit,developmental error,rubella,Germanmeasles,deliveryManifestation of disease:signs and symptoms.Manifestation of disea

35、se:signs and symptoms.Signs are,symptoms areMake a simple comparison between signs and symptos.physical examination,malfunctioning,hyperactive thyroidsyndromeMongolism:基本症状，从而让学生猜测相关词汇含义，如retardation,protrude.Diagnosis,treatment,course,complications and aftermath of disease.Diagnosis,treatment,course,complications and aftermath of disease.Urinalysis,blood chemistry,electrocardiography,and radiography.Diagnostic-imaging techniquesA physician also derivesfrom,from,and from句式分析Section 3 ExercisesSection 3 ExercisesIV.ExercisesIV.Exercises