美国建筑工程承包和公私合营(PPP)项目.ppt

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1、美国建筑工程承包和美国建筑工程承包和公私合营公私合营(PPP)项目项目Construction Contracting&Public-Private Partnerships(P3)in the United States of America美国的建筑工程承包和公私合营美国的建筑工程承包和公私合营(PPP)项目项目About Greenberg Traurig 美国GT国际律师事务所简介Organization of the U.S.Public Market美国的公共项目市场组成Project Sectors 项目行业P3 Structures PPP项目结构Bidding Issues

2、投标事宜Contract Issues 合同事宜Project Execution Issues 项目执行事宜1About Greenberg Traurig美国美国GT国际律师事务所简介国际律师事务所简介 Greenberg Traurig is an international law firm with 1,775 attorneys and governmental affairs professionals in 32 offices in the United States,Europe and Asia.美国GT国际律师事务所在美国、欧洲和亚洲拥有32家办公室和1,775名律师及

3、专业人士 Integrated Legal Services 一体化的法律服务 Fast-Moving 应对及时 Cost-Efficient 关注成本 Chambers Recognition 获得商界好评2An International Network of More than 1,775 Attorneys&Governmental Affairs Professionals 超过超过1,775名律师和专业人士组成的国际律师事务所名律师和专业人士组成的国际律师事务所 ALBANY 奥伯尼AMSTERDAM 阿姆斯特丹ATLANTA 亚特兰大AUSTIN 奥斯丁BOSTON 波士顿CHI

4、CAGO 芝加哥DALLAS 达拉斯DELAWARE 特拉华尔DENVER 丹佛FORT LAUDERDALE 劳德尔堡HOUSTON 休斯顿LAS VEGAS 拉斯维加斯LONDON*伦敦LOS ANGELES 洛杉矶MIAMI 迈阿密NEWJERSEY 新泽西NEW YORK 纽约ORANGE COUNTY 橙郡ORLANDO 奥兰多PALM BEACH COUNTY 棕榈滩县PHILADELPHIA 费城PHOENIX 菲尼克斯SACRAMENTO 萨克拉门托SAN FRANCISCO 旧金山Strategic Alliances With Independent Law Firms*与

5、独立律师事务所的战略联盟MILAN 米兰ROME 罗马TOKYO 东京ZURICH 苏黎世SHANGHAI 上海SILICON VALLEY 硅谷TALLAHASSEE 塔拉哈希TAMPA 坦帕TYSONS CORNER 泰森斯角WASHINGTON,D.C.华盛顿特区WHITE PLAINS 怀特普莱恩斯 3Greenberg Traurigs Public-Private Partnership(P3)Practice GT的的PPP项目经验项目经验Attorneys experienced in the development,construction,financing,ownersh

6、ip and operation of the variety of P3 amenable project types.在各种PPP项目开发、建设、融资、所有权和经营方面具有丰富经验 We bring one-stop legal services for clients P3 project needs.为客户的PPP项目需求提供一站式法律服务 Attorneys have represented project sponsors,banks and institutional investors,monoline insurance companies,contractors,facil

7、ity operators,and state and local government agencies.曾代理过项目发起人、银行和机构投资者、债券保险公司、承包方、设施运营方、以及国家和地方政府机构Projects on which GT attorneys have been engaged extend to virtually all industries involved in P3 infrastructure transactions and other public-private arrangements.曾参与的项目涵盖了几乎所有基建类PPP项目和其它公私合营安排涉及的行

8、业4Greenberg Traurigs Public-Private Partnership(P3)Practice:Examples in the United States of AmericaGT的的PPP经验：美国案例经验：美国案例Representative P3 Transactions 代表性PPP项目:Port of Miami Tunnel(Florida)迈阿密港隧道（佛罗里达州）JFK Airport Terminal Four(NY)JFK机场4号航站楼（纽约）Chicago Skyway(Illinois)芝加哥天际公路（伊利诺伊州）Alligator Alley(

9、Florida)Alligator Alley公路(佛罗里达州)I-4 Connector(Florida)I-4 公路接口（佛罗里达州）Miami-Dade County Expressway Authority(Florida)迈阿密-Dade县高速公路管理局（佛罗里达州）S.R.125 South Tollway(CA)S.R.125 南收费公路（加州）BeltLine(Georgia)环形路（乔治亚州）United States Olympic Committee(Colorado)美国奥委会（科罗拉多州）Santa Paula Water(California)Santa Paula

10、 水厂（加州）5Greenberg Traurigs Public-Private Partnership(P3)Practice:Examples Outside the United States of AmericaGT的的PPP经验：海外案例经验：海外案例Representative Transactions 代表性项目:Terminal 3 at Sheremetyevo Airport(Russia)Sheremetyevo机场3号航站楼（俄罗斯）Autopista Central Toll Road(Chile)Autopista中央收费公路（智利）Americo Vespuci

11、o Norte Toll Road(Chile)Americo Vespucio Norte 收费公路（智利）Government Infrastructure Projects(Malawi)政府基建项目（马拉维）Fuel Storage Facility(Gambia)燃料储存设施（甘比亚）New Street Station(UK)新街站（英国）Military Flying Training System(UK)军事飞行训练项目（英国）Al Ghubrah(Oman)Al Ghubrah项目(阿曼)GCCIA Interconnector(Gulf Countries)GCCIA电网项

12、目（多个海湾国家）6Greenberg Traurig Presenters美国美国GT国际律师事务所的现场演讲人员简介国际律师事务所的现场演讲人员简介Charles E.SchwenckMr.Schwenck,a shareholder resident in the Los Angeles and Orange County offices and Co-chair of the Firms Energy Natural Resources Practice,is engaged in the representation of developers,owners(both private

13、 and governmental),financiers and constructors of transportation and other infrastructure projects,power plants and other energy production facilities,pipelines,transmission lines and other product transportation systems,and other commercial,industrial and public projects.He has served as General Co

14、unsel at Fluor Corporation,Division Counsel of Bechtels largest division and on international committees on contracting.He has been involved in projects in more than three dozen countries on six continents.Schwenck先生是洛杉矶和橙郡办公室的合伙人，本所能源与自然资源法律事务的联合主席，主要致力于为交通和基础设施项目、发电站及其它发电设施、管道、传输线路和产品运输系统以及其它商业、工业

15、和公共项目的开发商、业主（私营和政府部门），金融人士和建筑商提供法律服务。他曾担任Fluor Corporation公司的法律总顾问，担任Bechtel最大的部门以及国际承包委员会的部门法律顾问。他曾经参与过六大洲三十多个国家的项目。Peter del VecchioMr.del Vecchio,a shareholder in the Firms Houston office,is an Energy and Infrastructure attorney engaged in the representation of project developers,project sponsors

16、,consultants,investment banks and commercial banks.Projects have included power plants(coal,gas,biomass),renewable energy projects(solar,wind,hydro and geothermal),copper smelting,refineries,gas processing plants,pulp and paper facilities,ports,tollways,rail and subways,pipelines,submarine cable,ter

17、minaling assets,and steel mills,among others.Mr.del Vecchio has extensive international projects experience,having lived and practiced law in Asia for nearly ten years in the 1990s.In addition to being admitted to practice in Texas,New York and New Jersey,Mr.del Vecchio is an English solicitor.He ha

18、d previously had served as General Counsel of one of Enron Corp.s four wholesale subsidiaries.del Vecchio先生是本所休斯顿办公室的合伙人，是能源和基础设施律师，主要代理项目开发商、项目发起人、顾问、投资银行和商业银行。从事的项目包括发电站（煤、瓦斯、生物质），可再生能源项目（太阳能、风能、水力发电和地热），铜冶炼厂、精炼厂、气体处理厂、纸浆和造纸设备、港口、收费公路、轨道和地铁、管道、海底电缆、终端资产以及钢铁厂等。del Vecchio先生有丰富的国际项目经验，20世纪90年代曾在亚洲从事

19、法律实践近十年。除了可以在德克萨斯州、纽约及新泽西执业外，他还是英国执业律师。del Vecchio先生曾经在安然公司四家最大的子公司之一担任总法律顾问。7Organization of the U.S.Public Market美国公共市场的组成美国公共市场的组成 Relatively Little Direct Federal Procurement(except defense)联邦政府直接采购项目相对较少（国防项目除外）State Law Authority Governs Most Projects 大部分项目适用州法的规定-Often involve federal funding

20、,which may require federal reports and compliance 经常涉及联邦政府资金，因此可能有联邦政府报告和合规要求-Contracting and Implementation Administered by the States 由州政府管理项目的承包和执行Many Municipal Projects 大量的市政项目-Authority Delegated by the States under Home Rule 根据地方法规由州政府授权-Administered by Local Authorities 由地方政府管理8Organization

21、of the U.S.Public Market 美国公共市场的组成美国公共市场的组成Most Active and Experienced States 最为积极并且经验丰富的州-Texas 德克萨斯州oMore than 12 projects,including transportation,prisons,etc.超过12个项目，包括交通运输、监狱等-Florida 佛罗里达州oTransportation,water treatment 交通运输，水处理-Virginia 佛吉尼亚州 oTransportation 交通运输9Organization of the U.S.Publi

22、c Market 美国公共市场的组成美国公共市场的组成Expected Heavy Future Involvement in Southwest(California,Arizona,Nevada,etc.)预计将来西南部各州将会大量开展项目（加利福尼亚州、亚利桑那州、内华达州等）-P3 Legislation PPP立法-California Infrastructure is Inadequate 加利福尼亚州缺少基础设施-Arizona,Nevada and Colorado growing rapidly 亚利桑那州、内华达州和科罗拉多州发展迅速 10Project Sectors

23、项目行业项目行业Transportation 交通运输-Roads,Bridges and Tunnels 公路、桥梁和隧道-Rail(urban and regional transportation)轨道（市内和地区交通）Water 水力-Collection,Desalinization,Distribution 采集、淡水和输送-Wastewater Treatment 污水处理Defense 国防-Military housing 军用住宅-Utilities 公用事业Health,Education and Rehabilitation 健康、教育和罪犯改造-Hospitals 医

24、院-Schools 学校-Prisons 监狱11Project Sectors 项目行业项目行业Roads,Bridges and Tunnels 公路、桥梁和隧道Titles 23 and 49 of the U.S.Code:Federal-Aid Highways 美国法典第23和49章：联邦资助公路法案-Safe,Accountable,Flexible,Efficient Transportation Equity Act:A Legacy for Users(“SAFETEA-LU”)安全、负责、灵活、有效率的运输权益法案 -Transportation Infrastructu

25、re Finance and Innovation Act of 1998(“TIFIA”)1998年交通基础设施建设融资与创新法案(“TIFIA”)-Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century(“TEA 21”)21世纪运输权益法案-Provide“Matching”Grants,Loans and Loan Guarantees for State Highway Projects 为州公路项目提供“配比”的拨款，贷款和贷款担保-Impose Certain Federal Requirements(e.g.Buy American Act

26、)施加某些联邦政府条件（比如：购买美国产品法）12Project Sectors 项目行业项目行业Roads,Bridges and Tunnels(cont.)公路、桥梁和隧道(续)Driven by 通过以下方式推动-Need to promote uniform standards for interstate transportation 对州际交通运输需要创立统一标准-Need to provide alternatives to automobiles in urban areas and on heavily travelled routes 需要在市区以及拥堵的线路提供可以替代

27、汽车的交通工具13Case Study 案例分析案例分析:Transit P3 交通交通PPP项目项目Location 地点地点Fairfax County,Virginia 弗吉尼亚州Fairfax县Project Sponsor 项目发起人项目发起人Virginia Department of Transportation(VDOT)弗吉尼亚州交通部（VDOT）Fiscal Year Approval 获批财年获批财年2008Mode 类型类型High Occupancy Toll(HOT)Road 高乘载收费道路(HOT)Description 描述描述 The Capital Belt

28、way High Occupancy Toll(HOT)Lanes project is a P3 between VDOT and Capital Beltway Express,LLC,a joint venture of Flour and Transurban.中心环城HOT道路项目是弗吉尼亚州交通部和Capital Beltway Express,LLC组建的一个PPP项目，Capital Beltway Express,LLC是Flour 和 Transurban的合资公司 The most significant improvements to the Capital Beltw

29、ay(I-495)in a generation.当代对中心环城公路(I-495)最重大的改进 Project limits:from Springfield Interchange(south to just north of Dulles Toll Road(14 miles)项目范围：从Springfield 互通立交开始（以南至Dulles 收费道路正北，长14英里）14Case Study:I-495 Capital Beltway HOT Lanes(cont.)案例分析：案例分析：I-495 中心环城中心环城HOT道路道路（续）（续）Description(cont.)描述描述（

30、续）（续）Improvements include 改进包括:14 miles of two lanes(each direction)14英里，双向四车道 First time introduction of High Occupancy Vehicles(HOV)lanes to Capital Beltway and reliable transit options to Beltway and Tysons Corner,Virginia 首次在中心环城公路引入高乘载车辆(HOV)道路,为弗吉尼亚州Tysons Corner和环城路地区提供可靠的交通方案 Congestion-free

31、 network for carpools,vanpools,transit and toll-paying motorists 为共乘汽车、共乘箱型车、临时付费摩托车提供防拥堵交通网络 Replacement of more than$260 million of aging infrastructure,including 50 bridges and overpasses 替换达2.6亿美元的陈旧基础设施，包括50多座桥梁和天桥 Construction of carpool ramps connecting I-95 with Capital Beltway to create sea

32、mless HOV network 建造共乘汽车匝道连接I-95和中心环城道路，打造无缝连接HOV网络Cost 成本成本$1,938 billion 19.38亿美元Funding Sources 资金来源资金来源Private Activity Bonds 私营性质市政债券:$589 million 5.89亿美元TIFIA Loan TIFIA贷款:$589 million 5.89亿美元State of Virginia grant 弗吉尼亚州补贴:$409 million 4.09亿美元Private Equity 私人资本:$350 million 3.05亿美元Project De

33、livery/Contract Method 项目交付项目交付/合同方案合同方案Design-Build(lump sum,fixed-time)设计建造（一次付清，固定时间）Duration/Status 持续时间持续时间/情况情况 Construction started in spring 2008;anticipated completion 2013 2008年春开始施工；预计2013年完工 Length of concession:85 years(5yrs construction;80 yrs operation)特许权期限：85年（建筑施工5年；经营80年）15Case St

34、udy:I-495 Capital Beltway HOT Lanes(cont.)案例分析：案例分析：I-495 中心环城中心环城HOT道路道路（续）（续）TIFIA Credit Assistance TIFIA信贷资助信贷资助 Direct Loan:$589 million 直接贷款：5.89亿美元 The TIFIA Loan holds a subordinate lien on a pledge of Projects toll revenues and interest income,after O&M expenses,certain CAPEX,senior debt se

35、rvice reserve,and debt service payments to senior lenders.TIFIA贷款对项目扣除经营和维护费、特定资本支出、优先债务偿付预提金和向优先贷款人还款后的收费收入和利息收入享有次级质押权。Financial Status/Financial Performance财务情况财务情况/财务表现财务表现 TIFIA interest payments are scheduled to begin in 2018.TIFIA贷款利息支付预计从2018年开始 Loan repayments are scheduled to begin in 2033

36、 and conclude in 2047.贷款偿还预计从2033年开始，到2047年结束 TIFIA loan is structured with 5 years of capitalized interest during construction,followed by 5 years of partially capitalized interest during ramp-up;then 15 years of interest only,followed by 15 years principal and interest.TIFIA贷款设计是5年建造期内利息资本化，随后5年发展

37、期内部分利息资本化；然后15年仅收利息，再以后15年本金和利息共计Innovations 创新创新 Fully electronic toll collection using transponder technology 使用应答器技术全电子化收费 Dynamic tolling based on real-time traffic conditions 根据实时交通路况灵活收费 First HOT lane implemented in State of Virginia 弗吉尼亚州首个HOT道路 Largest financing of HOT lanes project 最大投资的HO

38、T道路项目 First time Private Activity Bond(PAB)was used for HOT lanes in the U.S.and the first time combined with TIFIA financing.美国首次在HOT道路项目上起用私营性质市政债券，且首次与TIFIA贷款联合融资16Case Study案例分析案例分析:Transit P3 交通交通PPP项目项目Location 地点地点Miami,Florida 佛罗里达州迈阿密Project Sponsor 项目发起人项目发起人Florida Department of Transport

39、ation(FDOT)佛罗里达州交通部Miami Access Tunnel(MAT)迈阿密进港隧道Miami-Dade County 迈阿密Dade县政府City of Miami 迈阿密市政府Fiscal Year Approved 获批财年获批财年2010Mode 类型类型Highway/Tunnel 公路/隧道Description 描述描述 The Port of Miami Tunnel will improve access to/from the Port of Miami,serving as a dedicated roadway connector linking the

40、 Port(located on an island in Biscayne Bay)with the MacArthur Causeway(State Road A1A,which connects Miami to Miami Beach)and I-395 on the mainland.迈阿密港隧道将改善迈阿密港口的进出，作为连接港口(位于Biscayne海湾的某岛上)与中心岛上MacArthur 堤道（连接迈阿密和迈阿密海滩的A1A州公路）和I-395的连接路面 Currently,the Port is linked to the mainland only by the Port

41、 Bridge.目前，中心岛与港口的连接仅靠港口大桥17Case Study:Port of Miami Tunnel(cont.)案例分析：迈阿密港隧道案例分析：迈阿密港隧道（续）（续）Description(cont.)描述描述（续）（续）Creating the tunnel alternative will 增加隧道将:improve access to the Port helping to keep it competitive and efficient;改善港口进出状况，保持港口的竞争力和效率 improve traffic safety in downtown Miami b

42、y removing cargo trucks and cruise line buses from congested city streets;and 改善迈阿密市中心交通安全状况，把货车和邮轮巴士从拥挤的城市街道转移出来；并且 facilitate ongoing and future development plans in and around downtown Miami.辅助目前和未来迈阿密市中心及附近的开发项目 The Project includes a tunnel under Government Cut,roadway work on Dodge and Watson

43、Islands and MacArthur Causeway Bridge widening.Twin tubes,each 3900 feet long and 41 feet in diameter,will reach a depth of 120 feet below the water.项目包括在Government Cut下建造隧道，Dodge和Watson岛上的路面工程以及MacArthur堤道和大桥的拓宽工程。隧道是双管结构，各长3900英尺，直径为41英尺，入水深度达120英尺。The Project is being developed as a P3 with Miami

44、 Access Tunnel,LLC(MAT).Miami Access Tunnel,LLC(MAT)以PPP项目形式合作开发 The State of Florida has agreed to pay for approx.50%of capital costs(design and construction)and all O&M;the remaining 50%of capital costs to be provided by local governments.佛罗里达州政府同意支付约50%的主要费用（设计和建造费）和所有的经营和维护费用；剩余的50%主要费用由地方政府支付。U

45、nder the concession agreement,FDOT will pay MAT milestone payments at various stages of project development.在特许协议中，佛罗里达州交通部将在项目开发的不同阶段向MAT支付款项18Case Study:Port of Miami Tunnel(cont.)案例分析：迈阿密港隧道案例分析：迈阿密港隧道（续）（续）Description(cont.)描述描述（续）（续）Payments of varying amounts equal to$100 mm will be made durin

46、g construction between 2010 and 2013,followed by$350 mm upon final acceptance.金额达1亿美元的各项款项将在2010至2013年的建造期内支付，随后的3.5亿美元将在最终验收完毕后支付 In addition,FDOT will provide availability payments to concessionaire that begin upon construction completion and annually thereafter for 30 years.另外，佛罗里达州交通部将自完工时至其后30年

47、，每年向特许权受让人提供可用度付款 The Maximum Availability Payment is approx.$32.50 mm annually.可用度付款最高约为每年3250万美元Cost 成本成本 Design and Construction设计建造:$607 mm 6.07亿美元 Financing and other Capital Costs融资和其他资本支出:$195 mm 1.95亿美元 SPV Costs/Insurance/O&M (during construction)SPV成本/保险/经营和维护（建造期内）$59.6 mm 5960万美元 Reserve

48、s 预留金:$41.2 mm 4120万美元 State development costs 州开发费用:$209.8 mm 2.098亿美元Total Eligible Project Costs 项目总成本项目总成本:$1,072.9 mm 10.729亿美元亿美元Funding Sources 资金来源资金来源 Senior bank debt 银行优先贷款:$341.5 mm 3.415亿美元 TIFIA Loan TIFIA贷款:$341 mm 3.41亿美元 Equity 参股:$80.3 mm 8030万美元 FDOT Milestone payments (during con

49、struction)佛罗里达州交通部里程金（建造期内）:$100 mm 1亿美元 FDOT development funds 佛罗里达州交通部发展基金：$209.8 mm 2.098亿美元 TIFIA capitalized interest 本金化利息:$40.1 mm 4010万美元19Case Study:Port of Miami Tunnel(cont.)案例分析：迈阿密港隧道案例分析：迈阿密港隧道（续）（续）Project Delivery 项目交付项目交付DBFOM(Design,build,finance,operate and maintain)DBFOM（设计、建造、融资

50、、经营和维护）Private Partner 私营合作伙伴私营合作伙伴Miami Access Tunnel,LLC(MAT)Meridiam Infrastructure Finance,S.a.r.l.(90%equity partner)（90%股权）Bouygues Travaux Publis,S.A.(10%equity partner)（10%股权）Duration 期限期限Commercial close:June 2,2009 2009年6月2日完成商业安排Construction to commence spring 2010;expected completion:201