Unit8单元语法讲解和练习人教版英语八年级上册.docx

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1、人教版英语八年级上册Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?单元语法讲解和练习Grammar 语法讲解1.祈使句以下句子均为祈使句。1. Go and wash your hands. (命令)2. Be quiet (please). (请求)3.(Please) Be kind to your sister. (劝告)4. Take a taxi, or youll miss your class.(建议)5. Look out! Danger! (警告)6. Keep off the grass. (禁止)表达命令、请求、劝告、建议、警告、禁

2、止等的句子叫祈使句。1.祈使句:基本结构(1)行为动词开头由“_动词原形+其他部分”构成，动词没有人称和时态的变化。 Make a sentence with the word peace. Have a great time.(2)动词Be开头由Be+其他部分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)“构成。Be careful when crossing the street.(3) Let开头由“Let+宾语+动词原形+其他部分”(动作执行不包含听话者)或Lets+动词原形+其他部分”(动作执行包含听话者在内)构成。 Let him go back now. Let us try again.(不含听

3、话者)让我们再试一下吧。 Lets try again.咱们再试一下吧。祈使句:否定形式(1)行为动词和be开头的祈使句的否定形式为在句首加Never或 Dont Never/Dont say that again! Never/Dont be careless.。(2) Let开头的祈使句 Dont let me go with her tomorrow.= Let me not go with her tomorrow.可在Let前加Dont，也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。如果以Lets开头的祈使句，必须在Lets后加not。Lets not tell her the tru

4、th whenever we meet her.(3)no开头祈使句表否定 No Photos!禁止拍照! No Entry!禁止入内! No Passing!禁止通行!No Smoking!禁止吸烟!常用于在公共场合的提示语中，结构为“No+名词/动名词Grammar 语法练习I.单项选择1. _ up early tomorrow, or you cant catch the train.A. Getting B.Get C.To get D.Got2. _ in the street. Its dangerous.A. Not play B. Not to playC.Dont play

5、 D.Dont to play3.Please _ me some money, will you?A.lend B.lending C. to lend D. be lend4.The film is about to begin. Please _ seated.A.be B.are C.is D.being5. _ the boxes. You may use them later.A.Keep B.Keeping C.To keep D.Kept6. Her doctor said:“ _ work so hard.A.Stop B.Dont C.Cant D.No7.Cindy, _

6、 to be here at 8 oclock.A.is sure B.is sure thatC.will be sure D. be sure8. _ when you cross the road.A.Do care B.CareC.Do be careful D. To be careful9. _ in bed. Its bad for your eyes.A. Not to read B.Dont readC.Dont to read D. Not read10. _ your child. Well look after him.A.Not to worry about B. D

7、ont worry aboutC.Not worry for D. Dont worry with2.可数不可数名词注意事项1.可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式。如:desk-desks, apple-apples等。不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词，没有复数形式。如:some bread, a little milk, a bowl of rice等。2.单数可数名词表示泛指时，前面要用不定冠词a(an),表示特指时，前面要用定冠词the。 He is a factory worker. The book on the desk is mine.不可数名词前不能用a

8、(an)修饰，表示特指时，前面一定要用定冠词the。 No one can see air.3.可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of等来修饰，表示“一些，许多”。 There are some oranges on the desk. There is a lot of water in the bottle.4.可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如:two apples, four books等。不可数名词前通常用“单位词+of来表示数量。如:a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。5.不可数

9、名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数“单位词时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 The water in the river is clear. There are two cups of tea on the table.6.对可数名词前的修饰语提问用 how many; 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用 how much注意:对不可数名词前的单位词的修饰语提问时，疑问词用how many。 How many apples are there in the box? How much tea is there in the cup? How many pieces of bread

10、 are there on the plate?Grammar 语法练习II.用所给名词适当形式填空1. How many _ (sheep)are there on the hill?2. There is some _(food) in the basket.3. The baby has only two _(tooth)now.4. There is a lot of _(water) in the bottle.5. There are five _ (people) in his family.6. Lets take _(photo),OK?7. I have lots of _

11、(tomato) here.8.The _ (leaf) on the tree turn yellow.9. The _(child) are playing games on the playground now.10. Their _ (dictionary) look new.11. I see you have a few white _(hair).12. They are _(woman) doctors.13. Can you give me some bottles of _ (orange), please?14. There are many _(fox) in the picture.15. I would like some apple _(juice).I am very thirsty.参考答案：I.单项选择1-5 BCAAA 6-10 BDBBBII.用所给名词适当形式填空1.sheep 2.food 3.teeth 4.water 5.people6.photos 7.tomatoes 8.leaves 9.children 10.dictionaries 11.hairs 12.women 13.orange14.foxes 15.juice7