五大基本句型讲义与练习 人教版七年级英语上册.docx

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1、Happy to learn, lucky to share.人教版七年级英语上册-五大基本句型1. 主系表句型一：+ V-link + (主语+系动词+表语)S主语(subject)V系动词(link verb)P表语(predicative)其他1.This2.My brother3.She 4.He5.The meat is was is will be smellsanEnglish book.16yearsold.not intheroombusy.badlast year. now.tomorrow.系动词：这种动词起到连接主语和表语的作用。表 语：用来说明主语的特点，表明主语的状

2、态、特征的。通常由名词、形容词、介词短语等作表语。am (was)be 动词is (was)are (were)看起来 look听起来 sound系动词感官动词闻起来 smell 尝起来 taste摸起来 feel保持 continue remain stay keep hold rest其他系动词转变 become grow get turn fall go come【Exercise 1】划分成分：主语“ ”，系动词“ ”，表语“ ”1. The idea sounds great. 2. This book is about Space Travel.3. Where we are go

3、ing is not sure. 4. The pen in the box is very expensive.【Exercise 2】翻译句子。1. 这首歌听起来很放松。This song _ very _.2. 你的新裙子看起来很美，而且摸起来很柔软。Your new dress_ _ and _ _.3. 秋天到了，天气渐冷，大多数树叶都变黄了。Now its autumn, the weather begins to _ _. Most of the leaves _ _.4. Now more and more people run in the morning to _ _.现在

4、越来越多人跑步来保持健康。人教版七年级英语上册-五大基本句型2. 主谓句型二：（主语）+ Vi（谓语）S主语(Subject)Vi谓语(Verb)其他1.Some children2.I3.He 4.Mr Li5.My mother are singing could swim smiles. works gets upnow.at the age of 6.hard in a factory.early.Vi：不及物动词（1）动词能表达完整的意思，动词后不可以直接接宾语（2）后面可以跟副词、介词短语、时间、地点等。常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, jump, come, sm

5、ile, work, cry 等。【Exercise 1】划分成分。1. They talked for about an hour.2. He sits down on the sofa, and plays with his little son.3.The TV doesnt work. Tom feels unhappy.4. The kangaroo is jumping.5. He is going to swim in the swimming pool tomorrow.人教版七年级英语上册-五大基本句型3. 主谓宾句型三：（主语）+ Vt（谓语）+ O（宾语）S主语(subj

6、ect)Vt谓语(verb)O宾语(object)1.Who2.Canadians3.My mother 4.I 5.Heknowsspeak is making like wants the answers?English and French.rice dumplings.taking photos.to be a teacher.Vt：及物动词（1）具有实义，但这种动词不能表达完整的意思，动词一定要接宾语才能表达完整的意思。O：宾语（1）是动作的对象，即是动作的承受者。（2）其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。【Exercise 1】划分成分。1. They mad

7、e a snowman.2.Mr Li is looking for his glasses. 3.But the monkey cant find where the bananas are.4. My sister likes watching cartoon. 5. She often play the piano with her friend.6. I think the snowman is hungry.人教版七年级英语上册-五大基本句型 4.主谓间宾直宾句型四：（主语）+ V（谓语）+ O（间接宾语）+O（直接宾语）S主语V谓语O间接宾语（多指人）O直接宾语（多指物）1.He2

8、.Mike3.My mother 4.The doctor 5.The policeman sends showed bought gives tells mehis friendshimDavidmea postcard.his new bike.some giftssome medicine.the way to the hospital.1.V双宾动词：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。2.O直接宾语：是动作作用的对象，是动作的承受者。一般由物体充当。3.O间接宾语：间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。4.这种句型还可转换为

9、其他两种句型：1)动词 宾语 for sb. 例如( = )2)动词 宾语to sb. 例如( = )【Exercise 1】选择题。（ ）1. Miss Gao. She teaches _ English very well. A. our B. usC. oursD. we ( )2.My parents gave _ a nice toy dog for my birthday. A. I B me C. my D mine ( )3. His mother often buys _. A. his some sports things B. him some sports thing

10、 C. some sports things to him D. some sports things for his ( )4.I want to look up some new words at once. Can you _? A. pass the dictionary for me B. pass my the dictionary C. pass the dictionary to me D. passed me the dictionary【Exercise 2】同义句转换。1.Please show me your picture. = Please show your pi

11、cture _ _. 2.Ill buy you a new computer as your birthday gift.Ill buy a new computer_ _ as your birthday gift.3. Dont forget to send me some postcards.Dont forget to sent some postcards_ _.人教版七年级英语上册-五大基本句型 5.主谓宾宾补句型五：（主语）+ V（谓语）+ O（宾语）+C（宾语补足语）S主语V谓语O宾语C宾语补足语1.We2.People3.The workers 4.The nurse 5.

12、We6. Miss White keep call paint made find tells/ asksthe classroomChinese New Yearthe wall the manhimusclean.Spring Festival.green.sit on the chair.a clever boy.to study hard.1.C 宾语补足语：（1）宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。（2）担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。常见的动词有: tell, ask, make, help, wa

13、nt, would like, find, keep, call等。2.宾语和宾语补足语的语义关系：类似于主系表的结构。在宾语后面添加一个be动词，能够构成一个逻辑语义通顺的句子。而间接宾语和直接宾语之间没有这个的语义关系。3.翻译下列的句子，写出句子的结构。He makes Jake a good basketball player. ( )He makes Jake a good breakfast. ( )【Exercise 1】选择题。( )1. I had a bad cold. The doctor asked me _ in bed. A. staying B to stay C

14、. stayed D. stays( ) 2.-What makes your sister _so happy? -My mother has just bought a skirt for her. A. feels B. feeling C. feel D. to feel( ) 3. They_ the little cat _the animal center(宠物中心) two days ago. A. took; to B. take; to C. will take; for D. is going to take; for ( ) 4. Jenny always keeps her brother _ A wait B to wait C waiting D waited【Exercise 2】按照要求完成句子。1. 请让孩子们安静下来。Please _ the children _.2. The teacher asked the students to speak slowly. (写出句子的成分) （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ）3. My mother buys me a book. （ ） （ ）（ ） （ ）4. The film we saw yesterday was very funny. （ ） （ ） （ ）