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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高中英语16种时态用法详解:一般现在时来源:天星 更新日期:2011-09-29 点击: 199导语:中学英语涉及到的时态一共有16种,下面给大家准备了一般现在时的用法说明,希望对大家复习备考有帮助。一、一般现在时表现在1. 表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作。如:My sister wears glasses. 我妹妹戴眼镜。He often goes to the cinema. 他经常去看电影。【注】询问某人的习惯时,有时还可用ever。如:“Do you ever eat meat?” “No, I never eat meat.”“你吃肉吗?”“从不吃肉。”2.
2、表示现在(或经常性)的情况或状态。如:Mother is ill. 母亲病了。He is always like that. 他总是那样。He likes living in the country. 他喜欢住在乡下。We need a lot of money. 我们需要一大笔钱。3. 表示现在的能力、特征、职业等。如:He sings well. 他唱歌唱得好。Mr. Smith teaches French. 史密斯先生教法语。4. 表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。如:Summer follows spring. 春去夏来。Knowledge is power.
3、知识就是力量。The earth turns around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。二、一般现在时表将来1. 当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时,时间和条件的状语从句必须用一般现在时表将来。如:Ill write to her when I have time. 我有空会给她写信。Turn off the lights before you leave. 走前关灯。If we hurry, we may catch the bus. 如果赶紧走我们可能赶得上公共汽车。Tell me in case you get into difficulty. 遇到困难请告诉我。【注】 除表示时间和
4、条件的状语从句外,表示让步、相似、比例的从句也必须用一般现在时表示将来。如:Ill follow him wherever he goes. 他去哪儿,我就跟着去哪儿。Whatever you say, I wont pay. 无论你说什么,我都不会付钱。Whether we help him or not, he will fail. 无论我们帮他与否,他都会失败。Ill have a good time whether I win or lose. 赢也好,输也好,我都将会玩好。The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多就会越胖。
5、 另外,当主句为用将来时态时,定语从句也通常用一般现在时表将来。如:Ill give you anything you ask for. 你要什么我都给你。You can have anything I find. 我找到的任何东西你都可以拿去。Everyone who comes first will get a present. 每个先来的人都可得到一份礼物。2. 按照英语习惯,一个句子中若主要动词已经表明了所谈论动作的时间,那么与之相关的其他动词就不必再次指明同一时间,而往往使用一个比较简单的时态,如用一般现在时表示一般将来时等。比较。如:This discovery means tha
6、t we will spend less on food.这一发现意味着我们将减少在食品上的花费。This discovery will mean that we spend less on food. 这一发现意味着我们将减少在食品上的花费。3. 在make sure(弄清楚),make certain(弄清楚),take care(注意,当心),be careful(注意,当心),mind(注意),watch(注意)等后的that从句中通常也只用一般现在时表示将来意义。如:Take care that it does not occur again. 注意别再发生这样的事。We must
7、take care that no one sees us. 我们必须注意别让人看见我们。Make sure you come back soon. 你要保证快点回来。Be careful that you dont hurt her feelings. 当心别伤了她的感情。Watch that the baby doesnt go near the heater. 注意别让宝宝接近加热器。Mind you read the examination questions carefully before you begin to answer them. 在答题前要注意仔细阅读考题。【注】在it
8、 doesnt matter, I dont care, I dont mind 等结构(以及类似结构)后的名词性从句也通常用一般现在表示将来意义。如:It doesnt matter where we go on holiday. 我们去哪儿度假都行。Does it matter who goes first? 谁先去这有关系吗?I dont care whether we win or lose. 我不在乎我们是赢还是输。Dont you care what happens to them? 难道你不关心他们出什么事了?4. 在I hope , I bet, see (to it) 等后的
9、宾语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来意义,但有时也可直接用将来时态。如:I hope that you like will like it. 你希望你会喜欢它。I bet it rains will rain tomorrow. 我打赌明天会下雨。See (to it) that children dont catch cold. 当心别让孩子感冒。Ill see that nobody disturbs will disturb you. 我将确保没人打扰你。【注】see (to it) 后的that从句通常用一般现在时表将来,直接用将来的情形较少见。5. 在as, than 引出的比较状语从
10、句中可用一般现在时表示将来,也可直接用将来时态。如:Well get there as soon as you do will. 你一到,我们就到。Well probably drive faster than you do will. 我们开车很可能比你快。6. 表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作。如:Are you on duty next weekend? 下周末你上班吗?The train leaves at 12:00. 火车12点开出。Where do we go now? 我们现在到哪里去?【注】用于此用法时,句中通常有具体的时间状语。7. 当主句为将来时态时,与之相关的
11、by the time后接的从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。如:By the time he comes, I will have left. 等他到时,我会已离开了。The film will have started by the time we get to the cinema我们到电影院时电影会已经开始了。8. 表示现在将要宣布某事。如:I declare the meeting open. 我宣布会议开始。We learn Lesson Ten today. 今天我们学习第10课。9. 表示客观性很强的将来。如:Today is Friday, so tomorrow is Sat
12、urday. 今天是星期五,所以明天是星期六。My birthday is on a Sunday this year. 我今年的生日在星期天。【注】有时说话者对某一将来事实非常肯定,也用一般现在时。如:The future is bright. 前途是光明的。Final victory is ours. 最后的胜利是我们的。三、一般现在时表过去1. 用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间。如:John tells me you will leave tomorrow. 约翰告诉我你明天离开。I hear that he got ma
13、rried last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。Mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。2. 当要陈述一个客观事实时,有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时。如:The story is set in the summer of 1937. 故事的背景是1937年夏天。The story begins in the year 1937. 故事开始于1937年。高中英语16种时态用法详解:一般将来时来源:天星 更新日期:2011-09-29 点击: 68导语:中学英语涉及到的时态一共有16种,下面给大家准备了一般将来
14、时用法说明,希望对大家复习备考有帮助。1. 一般将来时的定义一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow, soon或短语next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime 做状语。如:What will you do this afternoon. 你今天下午干什么?We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我们明天要开会。He is going to study abroad next year. 明年他要出国学习。2. 一般将来时的结构及应用(1)
15、shall / will + 动词原形。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。特别是表示客观性的事情或在某条件下要发生的事情,只能用此结构。如:What shall we do if he doesnt come? 如果他不来,我们该怎么办?Will you be free this evening? 今天晚上有空吗?I think he will tell us the truth. 我想他会告诉我们真实情况的。(2) be going to + 动词原形。表示已经计划或安排好了的事情,也可表示有迹象表明肯定要发生的事情。如:We are going to have a meeting to di
16、scuss the matter this evening. 今天晚上开会讨论这件事情。Look at the black clouds over there. I think it is going to rain soon. 看一看那边的乌云,我想天要下雨了。There is going to be an English evening this week. 本周要举行一个英语晚会。(3) be to + 动词原形。表示一种常规性的活动或注定要做的事情。如:Who is to clean the classroom today? 今天该谁打扫教室了?When are you to retu
17、rn your library book? 你什么时候要还图书?The bridge is to be completed by the end of this year. 这渡桥该在今年年底前完工。(4) be about to + 动词原形。表示就要做或正好要做的事情。往往暗含一种时间上的巧合,因此,句子不能再用时间状语。如:Dont leave. Li Lei is about to come. 不要走了,李蕾就要来了。Be quiet. The concert is about to start. 安静下来,音乐演唱会就要开始了。(5) be +现在分词。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态
18、。这个句型中动词主要是瞬间动词:come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等。如:Go ahead, and Im coming. 走前面一点吧,我就来。The dog is dying. 那条狗要死了。Hurry up. The shop is closing. 快点,商店就要关门了。(6) 一般现在时。表示一种严格按照计划进行的动作。比方说,上课、飞机起飞、火车离站等。如:Dont hurry. The meeting starts at a quarter past ei
19、ght. 不要匆忙,回忆八点过一刻开始。The bus goes back at four thirty. 汽车四点返回。高中英语16种时态用法详解:一般过去时来源:天星 更新日期:2011-09-29 点击: 41导语:中学英语涉及到的时态一共有16种,下面给大家准备了一般过去时用法说明,希望对大家复习备考有帮助。1. 一般过去时的定义一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upo
20、n a time, the other day, before , when clause, in the past连用。如:What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么?I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我会到了林涛。I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿。2. 一般过去时的应用(1) 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。如:Liu Ying was in America last year. 刘英去年在美国。Jim rang you just now. 吉姆刚才给你打了电话。(2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动
21、作。常接时间副词often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc. 如:We often went out for a walk after supper. 我们过去常在晚饭后散步。We usually played together. 我们通常一起玩。3. 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式,不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆,规则变化则遵循以下原则:(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如:playplayed, offeroffered, weighweighed,
22、 destroy destroyed, signsigned.(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。如:likeliked, provideprovided, hate hated, datedated。(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加ed。如:supplysupplied, flyflied, study studied.(4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed。如:planplanned, referreferred, regretregretted, banbanned.4. 特别说明有些动词的过
23、去时,如:expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时,后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式,都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。如:I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他来邀请我参加他的婚礼。I intended to have joined their games. I had intended to join their games. 我本打算参加他们的比
24、赛。高中英语16种时态用法详解:过去将来时来源:天星 更新日期:2011-09-29 点击: 45导语:中学英语涉及到的时态一共有16种,下面给大家准备了过去将来时用法说明,希望对大家复习备考有帮助。1. 过去将来时的定义过去将来时主要用于表示过去某个时候看来即将发生的动作或存在的状态。如:He said he would come here next Friday. 他说他下周星期五来这儿。I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble. 我知道当我们陷入困境时它会帮助我们。2. 过去将来时的结构(1) would + 动词原形。如:
25、She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告诉我们说她将一切努力在本期赶上其他同学们。When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 过去当你请她帮忙时,他绝不会拒绝。(2) was / were going to + 动词原形。如:He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告诉我说他要参加那次会议。He said that I wa
26、s going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他说将要拍我去火车站接她(3) was / were to + 动词原形。如:The building was to be completed next month. 这座建筑改在下个月竣工。Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李蕾很快就要到了。(4) was / were about to + 动词原形。如:We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我们要离开
27、时,天突然下起了大雨。He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中饭的时候,门铃响起来了。(5) was / were +现在分词。如:He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了。We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon. 我们接到通知说领导们很快要来我们学校。3. 过去将来时的用法(1) 过去将来时,一般用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。如:He said he would stay with us. 他说他要与我们呆
28、在一起。He said he would never go there again. 他说他绝不会再去那儿。(2) 过去将来时,用于虚拟语气中,如:If I were you, I would not do that. 要是我是你的话,我就不会那样做。If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在这儿,他就会向我们展示该如何做了。4. 拓展was / were going to + 动词原形;was / were to + 动词原形;was / were about to + 动词原形等结构都可表达当时一种未曾实现的意图或打算。如:Th
29、e conference was going to be held the next month. 会议下个月开。We were to have our class at eight. 八点我们该上课了。I was about to tell him about it when Wu Dong got in. 就在我要告诉他时,吴东进来了。高中英语16种时态用法详解:现在进行时来源:天星 更新日期:2011-09-29 点击: 44导语:中学英语涉及到的时态一共有16种,下面给大家准备了现在进行时用法说明,希望对大家复习备考有帮助。1. 现在进行时的定义现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作
30、,有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。如:The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。We are making preparations for the conference. 我们一直在为会议作准备。2. 现在进行时的结构现在进行时由“am / is / are + 现在分词”构成。如:Im studying at Yu Cai Senior Middle school. 我在育才中学读书。He is writing on th
31、e desk. 他再课桌上写字。They are talking about their visiting the Great Wall. 他们在谈论游长城的事情。【说明】动词现在分词的构成方法:(1) 一般在动词后加-ing。如:saysaying, playplaying, thinkthinking, studystudying, teach teaching, blowblowing, buildbuilding.(2) 动词若以-e结尾, 则去e再加-ing。如:loveloving, makemaking, guideguiding, datedating.(3) 在以单短元音的重
32、读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ing。如:beginbeginning, regretregretting, planplanning, ban banning.(4) 在以ie结尾的动词后,改ie为y,再加-ing。如:lielying, diedying, tietying.(5) 在以-ck 结尾的动词后加-king。如:picnicpicnicking, panicpanicking.3. 现在进行时的应用(1) 表示目前正在发生或进行的动作。如:They are planting trees on the mountain. 他们在山上植树
33、。Mother is preparing supper in the kitchen. 母亲在厨房做晚饭。(2) 有些非持续性动词的进行时可以表示动作即将进行或发生,或表示动作的重复。如:He is joining the army. 他要参军了。They are buying the house. 他们要买那座房子。(3) 当现在进行时中有always, forever, constantly, continually修饰时,表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如:Why is the baby always crying? 为什么那个老是在哭。They are always helping us
34、. 他们总是帮助我们。注意:表示状态、感觉、心理活动的静态动词,一般不使用语进行时态。4. 现在进行时与一般现在时的区别(1) 现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作,而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。如:Im reading a story now. 我在看一个故事。(目前正在干的事情)I read stories in my spare time. 我有空时看故事。(经常性的行为)(2) 现在进行时强调现阶段一直在进行的动作,而一般现在时只表动作的重复,而不表示动作的持续。如:What are you doing these days? 这几天你在干什么?They are learning
35、English in the summer holiday. 他们暑假在学英语。They read English every day. 他们每天读英语。They play volleyball every Sunday. 他们每周星期天都打排球。(3) 表示短促动作的动词(如 jump, knock, beat, pick, skip等)的进行时,表示动作的重复。如:The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。(5) 某些表示希望或想法的动词(如hope, wonder, wan
36、t等)的进行时可以表示委婉客气。如:Im wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否给我们帮一忙。Im hoping that you will succeed. 我正在希望你成功呢。高中英语16种时态用法详解:过去进行时来源:天星 更新日期:2011-09-29 点击: 35导语:中学英语涉及到的时态一共有16种,下面给大家准备了过去进行时用法说明,希望对大家复习备考有帮助。1. 过去进行时的定义过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如:I was having a talk with Li H
37、ua at that time. 那时,我正在跟李华谈话。I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。2. 过去进行时的结构过去进行时由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。如:I was doing my lessons then. 那时,我在做功课。We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。3. 使用过去进行时应注意的几点(1) 过去进行时可表示按计划、安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作。如:He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon. 他说他今天
38、下午要去北京。(2) 动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求,虽然表示现在的内容,但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。如:I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动?(3) 过去进行时中有always, forever, continually, constantly修饰时,表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如:He was always thinking of others. 他总是想到人家。4. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别(1) 过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续,而一般
39、过去时表示动作的完成。如:He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完)He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完)(2) 表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词(如be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, notice)可用于一般过去时,但通常不用于进行时。如:I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我讨厌人们说话时口
40、里含着食物。(3) 一般过去时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用,表示“过去经常性、习惯性的动作”;而过去进行时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用,表示动作的重复,常带有感情的色彩。如:He always got up at six. 他过去总是六点起床。He was always thinking of his work. 他总是一心想到工作。(4) 有时过去进行时可以用来替换一般过去时,但一般过去时表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的;而过去进行时表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。如
41、:I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以为它会同意我们的。I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要说服他接受我们的建议。高中英语16种时态用法详解:现在完成时来源:天星 更新日期:2011-09-29 点击: 46导语:中学英语涉及到的时态一共有16种,下面给大家准备了现在完成时用法说明,希望对大家复习备考有帮助。1. 现在完成时的定义现在完成时既可表示过去发生的动作对现在所造成的结果或影响(此时通常连用的时间状语有already, yet, just, ever, be
42、fore),也可表示动作从过去某时间开始,一直持续到现在,并且还有可能持续下去(此时通常连用的时间状语有this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 时间段, since +时间点, for + 时间段)。如:I have just finished my work. 我把工作做完。Have you ever been to Beijing? 你曾经去过北京吗?I have lived for ten years. 我在这儿住了十年了。We have studied here since 2
43、003. 我们自2003年来就在这儿读书了。2. 现在完成时的结构现在完成时由“have / has + 过去分词”构成。3. 现在完成时的应用(1) 非持续性动词go, come, leave, borrow, buy, die, join的完成时的肯定式不能与时间段连用,若要接用时间段状语,则应换成相应的持续动词或状态动词。如:He has left. 他走了。He has been away for an hour. 他走了一个小时了。Can I borrow that book? 我可以借那本书吗?How long can I keep the book? 这本书我可借多久?注意:非持
44、续性动词的否定完成时可与时间段状语连用。如:He has not borrowed the book since then. 从此以后,他再也没有借这本书了。(2) have / has been to 表示曾经去过某地,但现在不在那儿;have / has gone to表示现在已去某地,现在不在这儿。如:He has been to Canada, but now he is working in our company. 他去过加拿大,现在在我们公司工作。Mr. Li is not at home. He has gone to Shanghai. 李先生不在家,他去上海了。(3) 完成
45、时的肯定式常用already,而否定式和疑问句常用yet,但若already用于疑问句时,表示一种出乎意外的惊讶。如:Have you read it already? 你就看完了?4. 现在完成时与其他时态的区别(1) 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时强调动作的结果或对现在的影响,属于现在时的范畴;一般过去时强调动作所发生的时间,属于过去时的范畴。因此,过去时需跟过去时间连用或有表过去时间的上下文连用,而现在完成时不能与过去时间连用。如:I read the book two weeks ago. 我两周前读了这本书。I have read the book for two week
46、s. 这本书我读过两周了。(2) 现在完成时与现在进行时:现在完成时强调动作持续到现在或刚结束;而现在进行时只强调目前的状态。如:They have talked for about two hours. 他们谈了大约两个小时。(强调动作的持续)They are talking. 他们在谈话。 (强调目前的状态)高中英语16种时态用法详解:过去完成时来源:天星 更新日期:2011-09-29 点击: 43导语:中学英语涉及到的时态一共有16种,下面给大家准备了过去完成时用法说明,希望对大家复习备考有帮助。1. 过去完成时的定义过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情(常用时间状语有
47、already, before, ever, just, never, still, yet),也可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作一直持续到过去某个时间(常接时间状语:since +时间点, for + 时间段)。如:When I got to the station, the train had left. 当我到达车站时,火车已经开走了。We had learnt fifteen lessons by last week. 到上周为止,我们学完了十五篇课文。He had stayed here for two days before he left. 他走之前在这儿呆了两天。He said that he had lived there since he was ten. 他说他十岁起就住在那儿了。2. 过去完成时的结构过去完成时由“had + 过去分词”构成。3. 过去完成时的应用(1) 与过去完成时连用的时间状语可以多种多样,使用它的主要依据是看其是否发生在“过去的过去”。如:He had learnt some English before I went here. 在来这儿之前我
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