新概念英语第二册Lesson53知识点详解讲义.docx

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1、LESSON 53 如何讲述奇闻轶事：奇异火灾Part 1. 词汇脱口秀1. hot adj.口语中，Hot 都有哪些常见意思呢？ 来听一段话：It was a hot day.I had been eating hot dogs for a week and I needed a change.So I went to a hot pot restaurant and I loved the hot sauce there.【注意，这里 hot= spicy】At the hot pot restaurant, I saw many hot girls, who were talking a

2、bout hot topics.But when it came to a hot movie, two of the hot girls were arguing with each other. 【 When it comes to .当谈到.】It seems that a hot girl often has a hot temper.2. cause v.1) 造成，引起 v. = lead to.To cause something, usually something bad, means to make it happen. The boy has caused a lot o

3、f trouble.He is such a troublemaker that he has caused his parents a lot of worry.2) n. 原因：Smoking is one of the major causes of death and disease.The cause of the car accident is speeding.特别注意: 介词的使用：不要说 the cause for something而是 the cause of something.而 reason 的用法是：the reason for something 而不是 the

4、 reason of something那这 cause VS reason 都有表示原因, 两个词有啥区别？Generally, a cause produces an effect.But a reason supports a decision or an opinion, and explains why something is done.场景 1：The police are investigating the cause of the explosion.场景 2：Peter just quit his job at the bank.The reason why he quit

5、 was (that) he didnt like the job.区别：The cause of his decision to quit was the big mistake he made.【因果关系 cause-effect relationship】英文里，表示“因为”为啥是 because？because 来自于词组:“by cause”值得注意的是：在美国非正式口语中 because 常常被省略为 cause, 有时写成 coz 比如： I work hard, coz I enjoy it.3. accidentallyadv.意外地，偶然地来自名词：accident 意外造

6、句：* When I was abroad, I bumped into an old friend accidentallyaccidentally = unexpectedly = by chance / by accident.I accidentally deleted an important file.The fisherman accidentally discovered the Peach Blossom Land.4. remains（正式用语）n. 遗体，残骸注意：remain 做动词核心意思表示“留下”= to continue to exist or be left

7、The score is tied, with only one minute remaining.remain 也有“保持”的意思。Michael Jordan remained calm at the last minute.remains = things that remain(1) 遗体，残骸 :The remains of a person or animal are the parts of their body that are left after they have died.The remains of the hero were kept in a crystal co

8、ffin. The hunter found the remains of a tiger.(2) 残余，遗迹The remains of something are the parts of it that are left after most of it has been taken away or destroyed.the remains of ancient Rome the remains of a mealWe are cleaning up the remains of the dinner.5. solvev.解决，解开解决问题：Solve a problem解答谜题：so

9、lve a puzzle解开谜团：solve a mystery为啥 solve 表示解决？词根：solv, solute = loosen 松开，散开solve v. 解决，解开solution n.解决方案 the solution to the problem Absolutely adj. 绝对的，完全的【ab-away + solute=loosen 】He is absolutely right .6. mysteryn. 迷A mystery is something that is not understood. Who created the universe remains

10、 a mystery.How the ancient Egyptians managed to design and build the pyramids remains a mystery.精彩句型： sth. is a mystery to me比如：How he managed to lose 30 pounds in a month is a mystery to me .Mysteriousadj.神秘的*I met a mysterious stranger*I received a mysterious letterAlbert Einstein 说：The most beaut

11、iful thing we can experience is the mysterious.It is the source of all true art and science.7. snatch v. 抓住，抢夺英文解释：to take something away from someone with a quick, often violent（猛烈的） movement注意：snatch 这个动作的关键就是： 【听记 1】想象一个场景：An eagle swooped(俯冲) down and snatched up a fish from the water.再比如：A man

12、snatched my cellphone from my hand and ran away.注意：snatch 的引申用法：I stayed up late last night so I need to snatch an hours sleep on the train.8. spark n.1) n. 火花 【东西燃烧时，或碰撞时产生的火星，火花】A spark is a very small burning piece of material.比如：* We can see sparks fly up from the open fire. 火星从篝火中飞出* Electric s

13、parks from a broken wire can start a fire.2）表示“引发”A small cigarette end may spark a big fire.注意：精彩的引申义：Reading science fiction sparks peoples imagination and curiosity.This course has sparked my interest in English. From a little spark may burst a flame.【听记答案】1、快狠准LESSON 53 如何讲述奇闻轶事：奇异火灾Part 2. 句型精讲

14、1. 为啥在故事开头用 at last？At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began.东欣老师：讲故事技巧点睛为啥课文的第一句话：用的是“at last”?讲故事的通常方式都是:Setting, conflict, development, climax, resolution.而这篇文章讲故事的思路与众不同At last firemen have put out a big forest

15、 fire. What caused the big fire ?Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends. In a newspaper, common sense is always wrong.What on earth caused the big fire?A fireman noticed the remains of a snake wound round the electric wires.How could a snake have anything to do with the f

16、ire ?【A has something to do with B 表示：A 和 B 相关】Solve the mystery.Flashback : A big bird had snatched up a snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires.It sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.所以，这篇文章 Story-telling pattern 是: To create suspense by presenting

17、 a surprising ending in the beginning. 我也把它称作“Suspense film pattern”1） In the beginning, create suspense by showing a mysterious result or phenomenon. This will arouse readers curiosity and make them wonder why.2） Then, rule out the most common causes. 3）In the end, reveal a surprising cause.比如：A ma

18、n was found dead in a forest.Then, the police began searching for the killer. But all suspects were ruled out one by one.Finally, the police accidentally discovered that the man was killed by lightning.2. 小专题：英语时态全家福1)时态核心思维： 【听记 1】时态全家福注： 标星号的是沟通中，最常用的有 11 种时态：其他 5 种时态做一些了解。学习方法：这么多时态怎么学？【听记 2】原则 1

19、： 原则 2： 2）对比一下“四时，四态”的含义:现在：Michael makes a cake everyday. Michael is making a cake.Michael has made a cake.Michael has been making a cake.过去：Michael made a cake. Michael was making a cake.Michael had made a cake before yesterday. Michael had been making a cake before yesterday.将来：Michael will make

20、a cake.Michael will be making a cake tomorrow.Michael will have made a cake by the end of tomorrow.Michael will have been making the cake for five days by the end of tomorrow.过去将来： 把将来时的 will 替换成 wouldMichael told me that he would make a cake the following day. Michael told me that he would be makin

21、g a cake the following day.Michael told me that he would have made a cake by the end of the following day.Michael told me that he would have been making the cake for five days by the end of the following day.3）时态场景综合造句练习： 我的一生:昨天，今天，明天;Ladies and gentlemen, today I would like to talk about my life a

22、nd my dream.昨天:I was born and raised in a small town in southern China.I had been reading books about adventures before I went to college.During my college years, I was always dreaming of travelling around the world. But before I graduated, I had not got a chance to travel abroad.My friends all beli

23、eved that I would quickly forget about my dream after graduation.今天：Now, I work for a big company and have little time for travelling. But I am still thinking about how to turn my dream into reality.I have made a plan to visit every continent in the next three years. Besides, I have been saving for

24、my plan since five years ago.明天：By the end of this month, I will have been working at my company for ten years.So I will quit my job at the end of this year. / I am going to quit my job at the end of this year.According to my plan,I will have started my round-the-world adventure before the new year.

25、 In the next three years, I will be sailing around the world.When you see me next time, my round-the-world adventure will have been completed. Thank you !东欣老师提示：时态学习是难点，需要一段时间适应。什么时候代表你真正学会时态了？光背下这个表是没有用的，只有当你大量的输入输出之后，忘记了这个表格，但在你的脑海里已经形成了“时态”的自然反应：下意识地“穿越四个时间坐标，切换四种动作状态，那么你的“内功”就练成了。【听记答案】1. 穿越时间坐标

26、，切换动作状态2. 先现在再切换；先宏观再微观LESSON 53 如何讲述奇闻轶事：奇异火灾Part 3. 故事转述1. 中英文逐句转述嗨，伙计们，你们听说了刚刚在加州扑灭的森林大火么？Hi, guys, have you heard of the big forest fire which has just been put out in California ?消防队员已经整整花了 2 周的时间才把熊熊大火扑灭，而这场大火已经摧毁了一大片美丽的森林。It has taken the firefighters two weeks to extinguish the raging fire w

27、hich has destroyed a large area of the beautiful forest.【extinguish = put out 灭火; extinguisher n. 灭火器rage v. 肆虐,发怒raging fire 熊熊大火 ，firefighter=fireman】尽管森林大火在加州很常见，但是这次的大火非常不同和神秘。Though forest fires are commonly seen in California, this fire was very different and mysterious.通常，森林大火是由破碎玻璃或是人们不小心丢弃的

28、烟头引起的。Usually, forest fires are started by broken glass or by cigarette ends carelessly thrown away by people.但是，在消防队员仔细查看地面后，这两种原因的可能性很快被排除了.But neither of the causes proved to be possible after the firefighters had examined the ground.那么到底什么导致这个毁灭性的的大火呢？So what on earth caused the devastating fire

29、 ?如果不是一个消防队员意外间发现这个谜团的线索，没有人可能找到答案。No one could have figured out the answer if a fireman had not accidentally discovered a clue to the mystery.这位消防队员突然看到一条缠绕在电线上的死蛇。He caught sight of the remains of a snake which was wound around the electric wires.他很好奇一条蛇怎么能够爬到高高在地面之上的电线上。He wondered how a snake ma

30、naged to climb to the electric wires high above the ground.但是，很快他就解开了起火谜团，描述了整个大火起因的”回放画面”。Soon he was able to solve the mystery by showing a “flashback” to the cause of the fire.那只蛇被一只鹰叼了起来，而之后这只鹰又把蛇扔在了电线上。The snake had been snatched up by an eagle, which then dropped it on to the electric wires.这只

31、蛇开始缠绕在电线上，就在这时电火花被传递到地面上，于是引起了大火。As soon as the snake wound itself around the wires, sparks were sent to the ground and immediately started the fire.显然，这只鹰要么是个可怕的杀手，要么是个马虎的厨师，用了错误的方式来烤蛇。 Obviously, the eagle was either a terrible killer or a careless cook who “barbecued” the snake in a wrong way.2.

32、英文转述Hi, guys, have you heard of the big forest fire which has just been put out in California ?It has taken the firefighters two weeks to extinguish the raging fire which has destroyed a large area of the beautiful forest. Though forest fires are commonly seen in California, this fire was very diffe

33、rent and mysterious. Usually, forest fires are started by broken glass or by cigarette ends carelessly thrown away by people.But neither of the causes proved to be possible after the firefighters had examined the ground. So what on earth caused the devastating fire ? No one could have figured out th

34、e answer if a fireman had not accidentally discovered a clue to the mystery.He caught sight of the remains of a snake which was wound around the electric wires. He wondered how a snake managed to climb to the electric wires high above the ground.Soon he was able to solve the mystery by showing a “fl

35、ashback” to the cause of the fire.The snake had been snatched up by an eagle, which then dropped it on to the electric wires. As soon as the snake wound itself around the wires, sparks were sent to the ground and immediately started the fire.Obviously, the eagle was either a terrible killer or a car

36、eless cook who “barbecued” the snake in a wrong way.3. 拓展阅读Bizarre causes of fires 离奇的起火原因英国镜报 Daily Mirror 曾报道了一些离奇的起火原因： 我和大家一起分享一下这篇文章：Investigators in London studied 2,000 incidents （ 事 件 ） in the capital in a bid to highlight theimportance of fire safety, and discovered some truly weird cases.-

37、 A pigeon dropped a discarded lit cigarette down a chimney, starting a fire in a birds nest.【discarded adj. 丢弃的 lit adj. 点燃的；烟囱褐雨燕 Chimney swifts 】- A dog hit the controls of a toaster as it leapt on to a worktop to reach food, setting fire to a bag.- A fridge freezer caught fire after a mouse got i

38、nto the back, shorting the electrics.- A toilet roll dropped down the loo was placed in a microwave to dry it out.- A pair of boxer shorts being used to apply linseed oil to a floor caught fire.Charlie Pugsley, from London Fire Brigades investigations team, said that even the strangest fire could have been prevented by taking simple fire safety precautions.He advised people not to use microwaves to dry out clothes or other items, never to leave candles unattended and to keep mirrors and glass, which reflect the suns rays, away from flammable objects.