六级考试高频词汇必备.doc

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1、1. abort v. 使流产；流产；小产； (使) 夭折，中止语境活记: We had no option but to abort the mission.我们毫无选择，只能取消这项使命。2. accession n. 就职，登基；正式加入；新增藏品语境活记: He inherited vast estates on his accession to the throne.他即位之后继承了大量的土地。3.accountable a. 负有责任的，有说明义务的语境活记: Someone must be held accountable for the killings.必须有人要对这些凶杀事

2、件负责。4.accountancy n. 会计工作，会计职业语境活记: He is studying accountancy. 他在学习会计学。/He is an accountancy student.他是一名会计专业的学生。5.accusation n. 控告，起诉，告发；谴责语境活记: No one believed her wild accusations against her husband. 没人相信她对丈夫的野蛮控诉。6.accustom vt. 使习惯于语境活记: I have accustomed myself to working long hours. 我已习惯于长时间

3、工作。7. acquaint* vt. 使认识，使熟悉语境活记: You need to acquaint the police with the facts.你应该让警察知道这些事实。The author of the report is well acquainted with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years. 这篇报道的作者对该医院的问题非常熟悉，因为他已经在那里工作许多年了。01.6词汇 【用法】 译 我已经熟悉了他们的风俗。误 Ive acquainted th

4、eir customs.正 Ive acquainted myself with their customs.正 Ive been acquainted with their customs.说明：acquaint用法有二：(1)用反身代词oneself作宾语；(2)用被动语态表现形式。【延伸】 派生acquaintance n. 了解8. addictive a. 使上瘾的；使入迷的语境活记: I find jogging very addictive.我觉得慢跑锻炼很使人着迷。Coffee is addictive in a mild way. 咖啡能稍微使人上瘾。9. adherence

5、 n. 坚持，遵守，遵循语境活记: Adherence to the truth is the best choice.遵循事实是最好的选择。10. administrate v. 管理，支配语境活记: The priest administrated the last rites.这位牧师主持了他的最后一场法式。11. admittedly ad. (尤用于句首) 诚然，无可否认语境活记: Admittedly, it is rather expensive but you dont need to use much. 它的确很贵，但不需要用得很多。12. affix v. 粘上，固定；附加

6、 n. 词缀，前缀或后缀语境活记: Please affix your name to my homework.请在我的作业本上签个名。 【搭配】 affix ones signature to a contract 在合同上签字 【延伸】 同义stick, adhere, attach, cling同根fix vi. 固定13. aggravate* vt. 加重，使恶化；激怒，使恼火语境活记: If he aggravates me any more I shall hit him. 假如他再惹我的话，我就揍他。The financial problem of this company i

7、s further aggravated by the rise in interest rates. 利率的提高使该公司的财务问题进一步恶化。02.6词汇 【搭配】 aggravate the financial problem使财政问题恶化aggravate ones illness病情加重aggravate shortage of food加剧食物短缺【延伸】 形近aggregate n. 总数 a. 总计的 vt. 总计达14. allegedly ad. 据说语境活记: The novel was allegedly written by a computer. 那篇小说据称是电脑写

8、的。15. alleviate* vt. 减轻，缓解，缓和 语境活记: Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress. 的确，新的研究表明因情感而流泪也许能对缓和紧张情绪起到直接作用。03.9阅读The medicine alleviated his painain but did not cure his illness. 这药减轻了他的疼痛，但没有治好他的病。02.6词汇 【提示】 阅读中可能出现的“同义转述”词有：ease, relax(放

9、宽，缓和), relieve, smooth over, temper。【延伸】 派生alleviation n. 缓和 形近elevate vt. 举起16. ambiguity n. 歧义，一语多义；模棱两可；不明确语境活记: She was quick to notice the ambiguities in the article. 她很快就察觉出了文中的那些模棱两可的意思。17.ambiguous* a. 引起歧义的，模棱两可的，含糊不清的语境活记: Frustrated by ambiguous instructions, the parents were never able t

10、o assemble the new toy. 由于说明书含糊不清，这对父母无法把玩具组装好，对此他们十分沮丧。The meaning of the sentence is ambiguous; you can interpret it in several ways.这个句子有多种含义，你可以从几个不同的方面诠释它。05.12词汇 【搭配】 make ambiguous statements 说模棱两可的话ambiguous directions, answers不明确的指示、答复【延伸】 反义distinct a. 清晰的18. ambitious* a. 有抱负的，雄心勃勃的；有野心的语

11、境活记: You are very ambitious, but Id rather spend my college days finding out what children are interested in. 你真是雄心勃勃呀。但是我只想在大学期间找到孩子们感兴趣的是什么。05.1听力 【搭配】 an ambitious girl有抱负的女孩be ambitious after, for, of wealth, power热心于财富、权力【延伸】 派生ambition n. 雄心ambitiously ad. 雄心勃勃地19.amend* vt. 修改，修订 n. pl. 赔罪，赔偿

12、语境活记: The motion to amend the clubs constitution was defeated by 20 votes to 15.修改俱乐部章程的提议以20票对15票被否决了。Even in its amended form, AB 2330 is, like SB 1403, vitally important for tenants and should be made state law.尽管AB2330号议案还处于修订阶段中，但其与SB1403号议案一样，都与房客的利益息息相关，也理应被制定为该州法律。06.12阅读 【提示】 amend作“修改，修订”之

13、意时，通常指amend the constitution / law 修改宪法 / 法律；作“赔罪，赔偿”之意时,一般用于make amends to sb for an injury赔偿某人所受的伤害。20. analogy* n. 比拟，类比，类推语境活记: There is an analogy between the way water moves in waves and the way light travels. 水波流动的方式与光的传播方式有相似之处。Professor Smith explained the movement of light by analogy with

14、that of water.施密斯教授解释光的运动时拿水的运动来做比较。05.12词汇21.anew ad. 重新，再语境活记: Our efforts must begin anew. 我们得从头再来 。He played the tune anew. 他把那支曲子重新奏了一遍。22. animate a. 活的，有生命的 vt. 使活泼；激励，鼓舞；绘制语境活记: The dog lay so still it scarcely seemed animate.那条狗卧着一动也不动，简直不像活的。 【搭配】 animate sb to greater efforts 激励某人更加努力【延伸】

15、 同根animal n.动物 同义encourage, inspire v.激励23.appalling a. 令人震惊的；骇人听闻的；十分低劣的语境活记: I find much modern architecture quite appalling.我发现很多现代建筑十分糟糕。 【搭配】 appalling violence 骇人的暴行/appalling working conditions可怕的工作条件【延伸】 同根appall vt.使惊恐 同义dreadful a.可怕的；awful a. 可怕的24. applaud* vt. 称赞，赞许；向鼓掌 vi. 鼓掌，喝彩语境活记We

16、all applauded the authoritys decision not to close the hospital.我们都赞成行政当局不关闭医院的决定。 【搭配】 applaud the singer for three minutes向歌唱家鼓掌喝彩长达三分钟/applaud him for his courage 称赞他的勇敢【延伸】 派生applause n. 鼓掌 反义criticize vt. 批评25. appraise v. 评价；估价；鉴定语境活记: It would be unwise to buy the house before having it appra

17、ised. 买房子不事先估价是不明智的。 【搭配】 appraise a students work 评定学生的作业【延伸】 同义evaluate v.估价；assess v. 评定；judge v. 评论26. appropriation n. 擅用，挪用；窃用；拨款语境活记The proposed appropriation failed to go through.建议拨款的提案未被通过。 【搭配】 make an appropriation of 20000 for payment of debts 挪用20000英镑还债【延伸】 同根appropriate vt.拨出，占用，挪用27

18、. arrogance n. 傲慢；自负语境活记: I disliked him for his arrogance.我讨厌他的傲慢。His arrogance is intolerable. 他的自负令人不能容忍。28. assassinate v. 暗杀，行刺语境活记: He assassinated the president of this country.他暗杀了这个国家的总统。29. assertive a. 坚定自信的；表现出刚毅与自信性格的语境活记: He is an assertive boy, always insisting on his own rights and o

19、pinions.他是个固执的孩子，总是坚持自己的权力和主意。 【搭配】 an assertive tone of voice 坚定自信的语气【延伸】 同根assert vt. 断言，声称 同义affirmative a. 肯定的30. attributable a. 可归属或归因于的语境活记: Is this painting attributable to Michelangelo? 这幅画是米开朗琪罗画的吗？31. authenticity n. 真实性；可靠性语境活记: The authenticity of the manuscript is beyond doubt.手稿的真实性是毋

20、庸置疑的。32. availability n. 可得到的东西语境活记: This offer is subject to availability. 优惠至此产品售完为止。Her availability is just a book.她可得到的东西只有一本书。33. avoidance n. 回避，躲避语境活记: This is about the tax avoidance of overseas-based companies.这是关于外国基地公司避税的问题。34. beneficiary n. 受益者，受惠者； (尤指) 承受遗产者语境活记: I am the beneficiary

21、 of your generosity.我是你慷慨大方的受益人。35. betray* vt. 背叛，出卖；失信于，辜负；泄露(秘密等)；暴露语境活记: He betrayed the news to all his friends.他把消息向他所有的朋友泄漏了。【搭配】 betray ones country to the enemy投敌卖国be betrayed into a trap被诱入陷阱betray the peoples trust in you辜负人民对你的信任【延伸】 形近tray n. 盘子stray vi. 分神36. boastful a. (指人)好自夸的； (指言语

22、等) 充满自夸的语境活记: He is a boastful person.他就爱吹牛。He is boastful of his learning.他总是夸耀自己的学识。37. bodily a. 人体的，肉体的 ad. 全部地，整体地，完全地语境活记: The audience rose bodily to cheer the speaker.听众全体起立向演讲者欢呼。 【搭配】 carry the child bodily from the room将小孩整个地抱出房间【延伸】 同根body n.身体,肉体 同义physical a.身体的，肉体的38. brighten v. 使焕发光

23、彩；使愉快语境活记: He brightened up at their words of encouragement. 听到鼓励的话，他高兴起来。39. brotherly a. 兄弟的，兄弟般的语境活记: There is a brotherly affection among us.我们之间有兄弟般的情谊。40. burdensome a. 难以承担的；令人困扰的语境活记: The burdensome task of preparing her income tax return awaited her.准备所得税偿还的任务等着她去完成。 【搭配】 burdensome duties/

24、responsibilities 难以承担的职务/责任【延伸】 同根burden n.负担 同义troublesome a.令人烦恼的，困难的41. centralization n. 集中；中央集权化语境活记: This is not simply a problem of financial centralization or decentralization.这不是个简单的财政集中分散的问题。 【搭配】 the centralization of political power 政治权力的集中 【延伸】 同根centralize v. 集中；把集中起来42. cherish* vt. 珍

25、爱；爱护，抚育；怀有(希望、想法、感情等)语境活记: We never cherish any unrealistic fancies about those desperate criminals. 我们对那些亡命的罪犯从来不抱任何不切实际的幻想。The bride and groom promised to cherish each other through sickness and health.新娘和新郎承诺无论在生病时还是健康时都相互珍爱。05.12词汇 【搭配】 cherish a child抚育孩子cherish peace珍视和平cherish the memory of s

26、b怀念某人【延伸】 同义treasure vt. 珍惜43. clarification n. 澄清；解释语境活记: The whole issue needs clarification. 整个问题都需要澄清。This is a clarification of the theory of evolution.这是对进化论的一种解释。44. clear-cut a. 不含混的，明确的语境活记He made a clearcut answer.他已做了一个明确的答复。She was a lady with a clearcut mind.她是一位思想敏锐的女士。 【搭配】 clear-cut

27、plans 明确的计划【延伸】 同根clear a.清晰的，明显的 同义evident a.明显的45. coincide* vi. 同时发生；相一致；位置重合，重叠语境活记: The Queens visit has been planned to coincide with the schools 200th anniversary.女王的访问正好安排在学校200周年校庆的时候。It is fortunate for the old couple that their sons career goals and their wishes for him coincide. 老两口感到庆幸的

28、是，儿子的事业目标和他们对儿子的期望一致。03.6词汇 【搭配】 coincide with his opinion 与他的意见一致【延伸】 同根incident n. 事件派生coincidence n. 偶然 同义correspond vi.符合46. collide* vi. 碰撞；冲突，抵触语境活记: Ray Anderson witnessed a terrible accident, which took place when the driver of a truck ran a red light and collided with the car of Sandra Drin

29、kens.雷安德森目睹了一起严重的交通事故。一辆大卡车闯了红灯，然后与桑德拉准肯丝驾驶的小轿车相撞，事故发生了。07.6听力 【搭配】 collide with a train与火车相撞collide with sb over the budget在预算上与某人有冲突【延伸】 同义clash vi.相撞，抵触47. colonize/ise v. 在建立殖民地；把开拓为殖民地语境活记: Britain was colonized by the Romans. 不列颠曾沦为罗马人的殖民地。48. commence* v. 开始语境活记: Having said he would not make

30、 a long speech, he commenced to do exactly that.他刚说完自己不准备长篇大论，就开始没完没了地说起来。 【搭配】 commence the campaign， ceremony活动、仪式开始commence learning English开始学英语【延伸】 近义initiate vt. 开始，创始 形近commerce n. 商业49. commonplace* a. 普通的，平庸的 n. 平庸的东西语境活记: In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction

31、, foresaw many of the technological wonders that are commonplace today.19世纪末，科幻小说大师朱尔斯凡尔纳预见了许多科技奇迹，而今天这些奇迹大都已成为平常事。06.6词汇 【搭配】 the commonplace phenomenon普通的现象the films commonplace plot平淡无奇的电影情节【提示】 与common的区别：commonplace常表贬义，如：Hes not at all exciting； in fact hes really rather commonplace.他毫不出奇，实际上平

32、庸得很。【延伸】 同义ordinary a. 普通的common a. 平常的average a. 平常的50. compassionate a. 表示怜悯的，有同情心的语境活记： The compassionate judge gave the young offender a light sentence.慈悲的法官从轻判处了那个年轻罪犯。51. compatible* a. 兼容的；能和睦相处的，合得来的语境活记： Dont trust the speaker any more, since the remarks he made in his lectures are never co

33、mpatible with the facts. 不要再相信这个演讲者，因为他在演讲中所说的话从来都不符合事实。05.6词汇 【搭配】 compatible blood groups相容的血型/be compatible with the companys long-term plans与公司的长远计划不一致52. compensate* v. 补偿，弥补，抵消语境活记: Many firms compensate their workers if they are injured at work. 许多公司都对因公负伤的工人给予赔偿。During recovery periods these

34、 systems build to greater levels to compensate for the stress that you have applied. 在恢复期间，这些系统加强至更高水平以缓解你受到的压力。03.9阅读 【搭配】 compensate for losing sbs son补偿某人失去儿子的损失compensate you for damage补偿因破坏给你造成的损失53. compete* vi. 比赛，竞争语境活记: They are encouraged to be open rather than closed to each other, to com

35、pete fairly rather than undercut the partners. 鼓励彼此开放而不是相互封闭，公平竞争而不是损人利己。Im realistic enough to know it is going to be a very difficult situation to compete against three strong teams. 我很现实，知道同另外三支强队的对垒将是非常艰难的。05.1词汇【搭配】 compete with others for a prize为得奖与他人竞争/compete with other countries for world

36、market与其他国家竞争国际市场【延伸】 派生competition n. 比赛，竞争/competitive a. 比赛的；(价格等)有竞争力的54. complement* n. 补充，相互补充的东西；编制名额；补(足)语vt. 补充，与相配语境活记: A fine wine is a complement to a good meal.美食加美酒才算完备。 【搭配】 use music to complement the action用音乐来辅助情节【延伸】 近义supplement vt. 增补，补充55. comply* vi. (with)遵从，服从语境活记: Dependent

37、, as they are, on politicians for much of their funding, scientists have little choice but to comply. 由于科学家的许多研究基金都依靠这些政客，因此他们没有别的选择，只能遵从。05.12阅读 【搭配】 comply with the laws遵守法律comply with ones wishes， request满足愿望、要求comply with sbs conditions服从某人的条件56. conceive* vi. (of)构想出，设想；怀孕 vt. (构)想出，认为；怀(胎) 语境活

38、记: Living alone was conceived to be negative dark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light. 过去，人们对独身持否定态度，觉得那种生活沉闷而凄凉；而与家人一起生活则意味着温馨快乐。05.6阅读 【搭配】 conceive of a plan to increase profits想出增加利润的计划conceive the idea of . 设想的主意conceive prejudices持有偏见【延伸】 同义visualize vt. 想象imagine vt. 设想形

39、近deceive vt. 欺骗perceive vt. 感觉57. concurrently ad. 同时发生地，并存地语境活记: He was given two prison sentences, to run concurrently.他两罪均判监禁，同期执行。58. condemnation n. 谴责；罪语境活记: Cheating deserves our harshest condemnation.作弊理应受到我们最严厉的谴责。 【搭配】 condemnations of her action 对她行为的多方谴责【延伸】 同根condemn vt.责备，谴责 同义blame, r

40、eproach59.conform* : vi. (to，with)遵守，适应，顺从；相似，一致，符合语境活记: Nowadays, it is commonly observed that young women are not conforming to the feminine linguistic ideal. 现在，普遍见到年轻女性不再遵循理想女性的语言。07.6阅读 【搭配】 conform with the customs of society入乡随俗conform with, to the regulations遵守规章conform to human needs 符合人们的需

41、要【提示】 (1)在表示“遵守”时，conform tocomply with，如：conform to(或comply with) the customs of society入乡随俗；在表“一致，符合”时，常用于conform with / to.，如：conform with my idea与我的想法一致。(2)注意勿与近形词“confirm证实，证明”、“confront遭遇，正视”和“confine限制，使局限”相混淆。60.conformity n. 符合，依照；一致；顺从 语境活记: His behavior was in conformity with his ideals.他

42、的行为与他的理想一致。 【搭配】 act in conformity with the rules, laws 依照规定、法律等行事【延伸】 同根conform vi.遵守，符合 同义correspondence, accordance, coherence61. confrontation n. 对抗，对抗的事物语境活记: There will be a confrontation between the Government and the unions.政府与工会之间将有一场对抗。62.conscientious* a. 认真的，勤勤恳恳的语境活记: She is conscientio

43、us about her work.她工作尽责尽职。Mary is a conscientious worker. 玛丽是一个认真的工人。【搭配】 a most conscientious piece of work精雕细刻的工作【延伸】 形近conscious a. 意识到的 同义earnest a. 认真的63. constituent* n. 选民；成分 a. 组成的，构成的语境活记: In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of

44、 satisfying constituents.在非营利性组织中，决策是否有效是根据下属组织机构的满意程度进行衡量的。00.1阅读 【搭配】 the constituents of cement水泥的成分constituent corporations子公司【延伸】 同义component a. 组成的，构成的64. constrain* vt. 限制，约束；抑制语境活记: I feel constrained to write and ask for your forgiveness.我不得不写信请你原谅。“Sometimes environments constrain those pe

45、ople and sometimes environments give those people opportunity.” “有时候环境限制这些人，有时候环境给他们提供机会。”06.12阅读 【搭配】 be constrained by lack of cash现金不足而受到限制constrain the plants growth控制植物的生长【提示】 (1)注意近形词的区别：refrain from impulses=constrain impulses=restrain impulses克制冲动。(2)动名词之间的特殊转化：抱怨complain v. n. complaint强迫，强制constrain v. n. constraint抑制，制止restrain v. n. restraint65. constrict v. 使 (某物) 缩紧，压缩；受束缚语境活记: Our way of