英语六级写作高分讲义+作文真题详解.doc

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1、六 级 写 作 讲 义写作原则内容简单化结构模式化（主题句-分论点-总结）语言要包装错误要回避万能理由 (Omnipotence)：1、方便：convenient/convenience2、效率：efficient/efficiently/efficiency3、节省和浪费：save time/money/space; economical, thrift waste time/money/space; costly, lavish4：人的心理健康：independent, cooperative, competitive, considerate, confident, creative,

2、sociable, perseverance; selfish, isolated, conservative5、人的身体健康：health, disease, strong, strength, energetic6、娱乐：colorful, pleasure, joy, recreation, entertainment, relax tired, boring, lonely7、环境：environment, pollute, poisonous, dirty8、安全和危险：safe, danger, risk9：经验：experience, social experience, ent

3、er the society10、人际：humane, fair, unfair, help, assist, freedom, freely基本表达(Basic Elements of English Writing)：越来越：be increasingly + adj., be on the rise, the growing number of人们认为：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that许多问题：a host of/a number of problems引起人们注意：claim call/attract general/pu

4、blic/world attention to sth.意识到：there is a growing awareness/realization of/that, awaken sb. to the fact/danger适应新的形势/变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate oneself to new environment/change接触各种思想/经历：be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems接触社会：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society获得成功：ac

5、hieve/accomplish success提出观点/建议：advance / put forward / come up with the arguments/ideas/suggestions作出努力：make tremendous/persistent/sustained effort to do sth., take great pains to do(with work/study)影响学习/工作：interfere with studies/work产生影响：have/exert a profound influence on life/personality, have a

6、dramatic/undesirable effect on较好地驾驭生活：be a better pilot of ones life剥夺机会/权力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity取代就的方式：substitute for/take the place of the old way采取措施：take effective steps/measures to控制我们的环境：take/gain increasing control over our own environment躲避危险/挑战：shy/run away from th

7、e dangers/challenge满足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of补偿损失：compensate for/make up for the loss/damage解释某现象：account for/explain the phenomenon对很好的了解：have a better understanding/appreciation of, have a new perspective on. provide/gain an insight into把某因素考虑进去：take sth. Into account(consideratio

8、n), give much thought to品位人生/自由/青春：savor the life/freedom/youth培养对的信心：develop/foster ones interest/confidence in经历变化/困难/艰险：undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience表现出自信心等：project ones confidence/feeling/image生活充满不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice追求学习/职业：pursue ones academ

9、ic interest/professional career学习知识/技术：pursue/acquire knowledge/technology/skill被看作学习的榜样：be held up as a good example交流经验/知识：share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge发挥/起到重要作用：play an (important/active/great) role/part逃学/缺课：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture知识/经验丰富：rich in knowledge/experience确

10、立/追求目标：set/pursue a goal/higher standard到达目标：achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/objective克服困难：overcome obstacles/difficulty面临危险/困难：be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty阻碍了成功：stand in the way of success, be an obstacle/barrier to success/growth阻碍了发展：hamper/impede/stunt the deve

11、lopment of持传统的看法：hold conventional wisdom发表看法：voice/express ones opinion持相反/合理的观点：take the opposite/fresh view揭穿某种一贯的说法：shatter the myth of求得帮助：enlist ones support/help缩小差别：bridge/narrow/fill the gap/gulf (between city and country)把成功/错误归咎于：attribute/own the success/failure to对重要：be indispensable/im

12、portant/vital to施加压力：put/exert a academic pressure on重视：assign/attach much importance/significance to强调：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on把注意力集中在：focus/concentrate ones attention/efforts/thoughts upon提供机会/信息：provide/offer/furnish an opportunity/information for sb.抓住机会：grab/seize/take the opport

13、unity得到机会：enjoy/gain access to a opportunity/information有可能：there is (little/much) possibility/likelihood that, chances/the odds are that展开竞争：compete against/with sb. for the prize/position/control/the mastery of开展运动：conduct(carryon/undertake/initiate/launch/wage) a (vigorous/nation-wide/publicity/a

14、dvertising) campaign (for/against)对我很有/没有什么意义：make much/little sense to me带来无穷的幸福/满足：be a source of happiness satisfaction/contentment/pride/complaint献身于：devote/dedicate/commit oneself to a cause/career大不（没什么）两样：make much(little/no) difference真正重要的是：what really matters/accounts is 改变生活旅程：change/alte

15、r the course of life建立在大量的学习/实践上：built on tremendous amount of study/practice进行调查/执行任务：conduct/carry out an study/task/experiment辞去工作/学习：leave/quit ones job/work/school参加考试/竞赛等：enter (for) the examination/contest, race参加活动/讨论：take part/participate/be engaged in sports/activities/discussion影响思想/态度/事件

16、的形成：shape ones thinking/attitude进入大学/社会/家庭/劳力市场/职业：enter a school/college/society/the work force/professionals实现自己的理想/愿望：realize/fulfill/achieve ones dream(hops/wish/desire)减轻压力/紧张：reduce/alleviate/relieve the stress/pressure/tension提高社会地位：enhance/improve/upgrade social status/position/standing rise

17、 to the position of leadership提高技术/能力：sharpen (increase/improve/enhance/boost) ones skill/ability加快/促进发展：accelerate/facilitate/advance/enhance/boost the development of随着生活节奏的加快：with the quickening pace/rhythm/tempo of modern life/society开阔眼界/兴趣：broaden ones interest/outlook, expand(broaden/enlarge)

18、ones mental horizons有助于了解/发展/宣传/解决：contribute much/little/greatly/to a better understanding of/the popularity of/the growth of/the solution of有助于解决问题：go a long way to(towards) solving the problem迷恋名利/分数：be obsessed/preoccupied with grades/fame/fortune把时间花/浪费在：spend/waste time doing sth., put in hour

19、s doing sth.利用机会/技术：make (full/better) use of/take advantage of opportunity/time, tap/harness technology potential/skills/talent把知识/经验运用到：apply/put the theory/knowledge/experience to practice/daily life/good use取得进步：make much progress/strides/gains in充分发挥潜力/能力：develop ones ability/potential to the f

20、ull, give full play to ones ability充满激情/渴望：have a burning desire/a great pas实例二 99年6月真题Reading Selectively Or Extensively?Outline: 1.有人认为读书要有选择 2.有人认为应当博览群书 3.我的想法11分When it comes to reading, some people think that reading selectively is a good way, but some other people do not agree with them, they

21、 think that reading extensively is better.Those people, who think that reading selectively is better, believe that good books are as many as bad books. Those good books can give us pleasure and knowledge, while those bad books can only lead us to the wrong way. So, they suggest that we should only c

22、hoose the good books to read and never touch the bad books.But, the other people, who hold that reading extensively is better, think that one kind of books can only give us one aspect of knowledge. Even the best book only contains one field of information. So, they can easily come to the conclusion

23、that “to know more, to read more”. So they believe that reading extensively is better.To my point, we should choose good books to read and read good books as many as possible. By this way, we can increase the quality and quantity of reading. 5分I think reading not only selectively but also extensivel

24、y. Because the two sides are not contradict. Our time is limited. So we can not read every book in the world. However, we will not be interested in every book. We should read those books may be useful to ours, read those books which we like. But those books which we choose must be extensively so it

25、can give ours all kinds of knowledge, news and so on, it also make ours become a wise man. On the one hand reading selectively let ours not waste our time which it is limited. Moreover it can emphasis among all books that we can read. On the other hand reading extensively can deal with all kinds of

26、need in our life. They are all useful to ours.失分原因：分段太少，语法错误太多2分Most people thought that read books should have been selective. But others believed reading extensively was correction.Selective books or reading extensively?Sure, you can choice one from previous ideas, on one hand, There are too book

27、to read for us. We should choose those which we interested, and it would be helpful for us. On another hand. Someones interesting was wide. Each book could bring you specific contain we couldnt reading at only one level.I confirmed all of these ideas were good but werent wise.As a reader, the main t

28、ask is to discover more and more books the second task is to held some which wonderful and helpful for us. Dont treat these books with reckless abandon.The best technology of reading is connect.失分原因：分段太多，语法错误太多14分How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own vie

29、w.Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read all the books. Whats more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldnt read them. Sin

30、ce we cant read all the books and we shouldnt read bad books, we must read selectively.But others may not agree, they emphasize that todays society is not what it was. If one man has many kinds of knowledge, he will have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing in

31、other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively.Whos right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field.8分Some people think readin

32、g shall be chosen. Because some books are good to human beings and some books are harmful to people.Some people think that men should read books widely. Because wide reading can help man get much knowledge. And man can use it to change the world.It is my point that reading must be selectively. Becau

33、se reading is important to man. Some books can help man but some books can lead some people to crime. It can be seen in the newspapers and watched on TV. We can make full use of some good books and gain more useful knowledge. It can make our life more beautiful. We must give up those unhelpful books

34、. They are not good to us. Reading them is wasting time and money. So reading selectively is an important part in reading. 失分原因：结构失调，表述方式单一典型的对比观点选择题的文章逻辑结构：（启）Paragraph I：（1）引出将要评论的事物或者是观点； （2）简明扼要的提出人们在这个问题上的两种不同看法。（承）Paragraph II：（1）提出一种观点或优点； （2）本段的支持性分论点； （3）本段总结（可以省略）。（转）Paragraph III：（1）承上启下的

35、过渡句； （2）提出另一种观点或缺点； （3）本段的支持性分论点 （4）本段总（可以省略）。（合）Paragraph IV：（1）平衡两种看法； （2）给出自己的观点。14分How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view.（启）注：1.第一句提出问题，第二句提出两种见解Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science

36、 and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read all the books. Whats more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldnt read them. Since we cant read all the books and we shouldnt read bad books, we must read selectively.（承）注：1.本段总分总结构

37、2.they argue that = they think that 3.with the development of. 4.whats more 递进关系，moreoverBut others may not agree, they emphasize that todays society is not what it was. If one man has many kinds of knowledge, he will have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing i

38、n other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively.（转）注：1.But 转折词 2.they emphasize that = they think that 3.todays society is not what it was 现代社会今昔非比 4.许多知识 a wide range of/a large scope of/much；获取知识 acquire/get knowledge 5.knows nothinglittle；he

39、 may be uselesshe may not be of great use to the society 后者比前者更委婉Whos right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field.（合）11分When it comes to reading, some people think that reading

40、selectively is a good way, but some other people do not agree with them, they think that reading extensively is better.Those people, who think that reading selectively is better, believe that good books are as many as bad books. Those good books can give us pleasure and knowledge, while those bad bo

41、oks can only lead us to the wrong way. So, they suggest that we should only choose the good books to read and never touch the bad books.注：1.“people, who”应去掉逗号，改为非限制定语从句。 2.they suggest that = they think that 3.touch 碰，闪光点词汇，如教材P7：shoulder the responsibility of doing sth. 肩负起责任But, the other people,

42、who hold that reading extensively is better, think that one kind of books can only give us one aspect of knowledge. Even the best book only contains one field of information. So, they can easily come to the conclusion that “to know more, to read more”. So they believe that reading extensively is bet

43、ter.To my point, we should choose good books to read and read good books as many as possible. By this way, we can increase the quality and quantity of reading.题型分类 (Classification of every essay):一、第一种题型（对比观点选择题；Essay I）:(一)题型特点：1、大多为三点提纲，提纲模式一般为：有一些人；还有人；我的看法或观点；2、少数时候也会出现两点提纲的情况，此时可以补充成三点提纲来写作。 (二

44、) 历年真题：2000.6； 1999.6； 1998.6； 1997.6； 1996.1；1995.6；1993.6； 1993.1二、 第二种题型（社会热点话题；Essay II）:(一)题型特点：1、应该为三点提纲，但是通常以两点提纲出现的题目居多，所涉及主题为当时社会热点；2、如果是两点提纲，则补充成三点提纲写作。 3、通常模式为：现象概述-细节（原因、危害、方式等）-自我评论(二)历年真题： 2002.12； 2000.12； 2000.1； 1999.1； 1997.12； 1995.1； 三、第三种题型（图标题；Report; Essay III）:（一）题型特点：1、以图表作为

45、信息来源的写作模式2、通常模式为：描述图表-解释原因-自我评论（二）历年真题： 2003.6; 2000.6； 1996.6； 1992.1； 1991.6四、第四种题型（书信题； Essay IV）: (一) 题型特点： 1、写书信（二）历年真题： 2001.6； 2002.1；五、第五种题型（谚语格言题； Essay V）: (一) 题型特点： 1、文章题目为一句格言或谚语 2、通常模式为：解释谚语-举例论证-画龙点睛(二) 历年真题： 1997.1；文章主体句式(Body)：一、原 因 结 果例：There are probably +manyseveralthree+resonscau

46、ses+ for this +dramaticmarked+increasedeclinechange+ in.二、比 较 对 照例：There is no doubt thatObviously,+ it has itsboth+drawbacksdisadvantagesnegative effects+as well asand+meritsadvantagespositive effects.三、例 证例：We may +citequotementiontakepoint out+a singlea commonanother+ example of.四、事 实例：No one can +denydoubtignoroverlook+ the +barehardessentialprofound+ fact that.五、数 据 调 查例：A +recentnewnationwide+studysurveypollinvestigation+conductedtaken+at a factoryby officials.六、权 威