高考英语词汇手册.doc

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1、callvt. shout, cry大声说出；喊，叫；order or ask sb. to come by telephoning打电话给；把叫做; make a short visit 拜访n. （一次）电话词组call at 拜访某地 call for 要求；把召来；需要，要求call in 收回，回收；请来（某人） call off 取消call on 拜访某人；号召，要求；恳请（某人）做某事）call out 大声地说 call up 打电话；召集，征召（入役）；使人想起calmadj. (of the sea) without large waves; still（指海洋）无浪的,

2、平静的; not excited, nervous or agitated; quiet 镇静的keep / remain calm calm down 辨析calm;quiet;silent;still;calm 表示“平静的，镇定的”，可以表示人内心的平静状态也可指海面的平静状态 He remained calm in face of danger. After the storm, the sea was rather calm.quiet表示“安静的，宁静的”。用于人时，表示性格温和；用于物时，表示相对地没有嘈声及骚动的安静状态，即使有声音，声音也很低 He was a quiet m

3、an who didnt let small things upset himself. She enjoys a quiet life in the small village.silent表示“安静的，无声的，沉默的”，主要用于人，表示不说话或很少说话，尤指沉默寡言。它强调没有声音，不指任何动作。 He promised to keep silent on the matter. All was silent again after the accident.still表示“寂静的，静止的，不动的”，强调人，事物或环境绝对静止。没有动作与声音。它不能用来指人的心理状态。 Please st

4、and still while I take your photo.campus n. grounds and buildings of a university or college（大学的）校园，学校校园词组 campus life 大学生活 live on campus住在校内campaign n. a campaign against unclear weapons / an advertising campaign an election campaign / a campaign to raise money campaign for / against sth. launch a

5、 campaign candidate n. person who applies for a job or is nominated for election 候选人；求职者词组candidate for president总统候选人 candidate for manager经理应聘者cancel v. cancelled, cancelled cancel a holiday / concert / meeting cancel doing something capable adj. a very capable woman / be capable of sth. / doing s

6、th.capture vt. take (sb. /sth. ) as a prisoner俘虏,捕获; take or win (sth.) by force or skill 夺得，占领; （用照片等）将保存，留存 n. 虏获，捕获, 战利品 He was captured trying to escape from the country. The cat has captured a mouse. This advertisement will capture the attention of readers everywhere.辨析arrest;capture; catch;sei

7、zearrest 逮捕，拘留 The police arrested the thief.capture捕获，虏获 We captured him alive.catch捉，抓住 The boy caught a bird.seize（突然地）抓住 They seized him by he collar.carevi. be worried; concerned 关心；considering how much 介意； look after sb照顾，护理n. 照管；关心；关怀；小心词组care about关心；（因关心）而担忧；介意，在乎（常用于否定、疑问、条件句）care for 照顾，照

8、料；（常用于否定句和疑问句）喜欢take care 当心，注意 take care of照料，照顾；处理 care of (邮件)由转交(c/o)She cares for her sick mother carefully I dont baseball./ Would you a cup of tea? He doesnt care a bit about clothes/money/fame. I dont care (about ) what theyll say/if she leaves or not.句子前常省略about I dont care if you smoke/whe

9、n you will return the book Write me care of my uncle.来信请注明由我叔叔转交carry vt. support the weight of (sb. / sth.) and take (him/it) from place to place运载；传送；携带；担负词组carry away使失去自制力，使着迷，使忘情carry on (it)继续，坚持；从事，经营 carry on doing sth.carry ( it )out 执行，贯彻；实现 carry through（不顾困难等）完成；使度过困难（危险） (newspaper) car

10、ry news (报刊)刊登新闻 carry money /ones ID card carry a baby / carry 500 passengers /goods carry electricity well / carry a box on the shoulder carry out the policy; carry out the reforms; carry out the experiments; see ones plan carried out; casen. instance or example of the occurrence of sth. 事例；案例；情况词

11、组in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in case假使，以防万一in case of假如，如果发生 in no case无论如何也不，决不in most cases在大多数情况下 civil cases民事案件a case in point恰当的例子 in that case例句 Take the umbrella, just in case.带上伞，以防下雨。Put down my address in case you forget.写下我的地址万一你忘记。In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.如遇火警，请按警铃。In no case will

12、 I go with you.我决不会跟你走。He may be late, in which case wed better wait.他或许迟到了，如果这样的话，我们最好等等。cash n . pay in cash castv. throw (sth.) esp. deliberately or with force 扔；投；抛词组cast away丢掉 cast sb. into prison(=throwinto prison)把投进监狱cast a shadow on(over) 投下阴影 cast (throw) light on / cast a net catchvt. ca

13、pture sb. /sth. after a chase 赶上；抓住; understand 理解；感染； (cause sth. to) become fixed, stuck （使）钩住词组catch a bus / train赶上车 catch sb. Smoking / cheating无意中抓住某人吸烟（作弊） catch sb. in the act of doing sth. / catch the last word理解最后一句catch a cold 感冒 be caught in the rain 被雨淋 be caught on a stone 被石头绊住 be cau

14、ght in the door被门夹住 catch fire着火 catch sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊catch up with赶上 catch sight of / catch sb. alive cause n. that which produces an effect; thing, event, person, etc that makes sth. happen 原因，起因；事业 vt. aim, principle or movement that is strongly defended or supported 使产生，引起词组cause sth. / c

15、ause sb. / sth. to do sth. cause sb. trouble / cause trouble to sb. 引起麻烦the cause of revolution/revolutionary cause革命事业the cause of the fire 火灾的起因cause and effect 因果关系辨析cause;reasoncause指造成一种事实或现象的“原因”，尤指自然原因或客观原因。reason指说明一种看法或行为的“理由”，它往往是通过逻辑推理而得出的。 Give me your reasons for refusing to go there.告诉

16、你拒绝去的理由。 Heat is the cause of the expansion of matter.热是物体膨胀的原因。ceasev. / n. stop 停止 cease fire / cease to do something 辨析pauseceasestoppause指行进间的暂停，间歇。cease正式用语，指某种状态逐渐或突然终止，含不复存在之意。其后可接to do与doing形式，但其意义相同。stop普通用语，指突然停止或使不动，接不定式表示停下来去做某事，接动名词表示停止正在做的事。 The old man paused to look around himself.老人

17、停下来环顾了一下四周。 He ceased breathing. 他停止了呼吸。 He stopped to see the traffic light. 他停下来看看红绿灯。ceremony n. formal act or series of formal acts performed on a religious or public occasion典礼；礼节，礼仪结构the opening /closing ceremony开幕 / 闭幕式 the graduation ceremony毕业典礼 a wedding ceremony / Dont stand on ceremony.不

18、必拘礼certain adj. specific but not named or stated 某；sure beyond doubt 确实的，肯定的词组be certain to do sth. = be sure to do sth. 肯定be certain of = be sure of/ about 对确信，有把握a certain = some某个（后接单数名词） with certainty确信地Its certain that 肯定会 for certain = for sure 确信地，确定地展开 certainlyadv. 当然 certaintyn. 当然certifi

19、cate n. official written or printed statement that may be used as proof or evidence of certain facts 证书；执照辨析certificate;diploma;licensediploma常指经过一段时间的学习和培训而得到的官方学历证明，表示“文凭，毕业证书”certificate指证明某人某种事实的证件，证书。license 指执照，许可证。 a driving license 驾驶执照 a birth certificate出生证 a marriage certificate 结婚证 a hea

20、lth certificate 健康证a college diploma大学文凭 a high school diploma 中学文凭 a diploma in computer电脑文凭chain n. (length of) connected metal links or rings, used for hauling or supporting weights or for fastening or restraining things 链条; series of connected things一连串，一系列group of shops or hotels owned by the s

21、ame company联号，连锁店词组a chain of happenings 一连串事件 a fast-food chain 快餐连锁店 a chain smoker 老烟枪challenge n. invitation or call( to sb) to take part in a game, contest, fight etc to prove who is better, stronger, more able, etc ) 挑战，艰巨的任务 vt. invite sb. To do sth. ; question the truth; 向挑战；对质疑 vi. 提出挑战词组 m

22、eet the challenge迎接挑战 challenge the justice 质疑公正性 something is challenging.chancen. way in which things happen without any cause that can be seen or understood; luck; fortune 机会；可能性词组by chance偶然，碰巧 by any chance 万一，也许 take a chance冒险，投机Chances are that很有可能one has a chance or opportunity to do sth. /

23、 of doing sth某人有机会（有可能）做某事There is a chance/ some possibility that 很有可能 miss the golden chance; 辨析chance；possibilitychance指偶然的，意料之外的机会，侧重无法推测的因素。它的后面可接不定式，介词短语及从句。possibility指符合人们希望和愿望的机会，含有利于实现抱负的意思。它的后面可接不定式与介词短语，但不能接从句。chance 也可做“可能性”解，而opportunity不可。 I never miss a chance of playing basketball.

24、I had several opportunities to go abroad; but I gave up all. There is a chance that the sick child will get recovered.character n. mental or moral qualities that make a person, group, nation, etc different from others 品格；性格; person in a novel, play 角色辨析character；characteristic；nature ； personality；f

25、eaturecharacter 表示“性格，品质”，指人格，品质，操守等，指道德方面的品质，如坚强，软弱等。它是不可数名词。characteristic 表示“特色，特征”，指区别其他人或事物的独特的特征，可用于人，也可指物及抽象东西。它是可数名词。nature 表示“本性，天性”，强调人或物的本质，有不可改变之意。它可做可数或不可数名词。personality 表示“个性，为人”，是指某个特定人物的特性，侧重指社交方面及人与人的关系。它既是可数又是不可数名词。feature 表示“相貌，特征”，还可做动词用，“为之特色”。 He is a man of strong character.性格

26、坚强的人 character training性格培养 Windy days are characteristic of March. 多风天气是三月的特点。 Cheerfulness is one of his characteristics.快活是他的特性之一。 What they had done revealed their real nature.他们做的揭示他们的真实本性。 The decoration of a room reflects the owners personality. 房间的装饰能反映主人的个性。 a man with handsome features一个相貌

27、英俊的人 a film that features a new French actress. 一部以一位法国新人女演员为特色的电影展开 characteristicn. 特色，特征; adj. 特有的chargen. price asked for goods or service 费用； act of putting amount of electricity put into a battery 充电；claim that a person has done wrong, esp a formal claim that he has committed a crime控告 vt. as

28、an amount as a price索价；put a charge into sth.充电；accuse sb. of sth.控告词组in charge of负责，主管in / under sbs charge = in /under the charge of sb.处于（某人）的管理（照看）之下take charge of开始管理，接管 free of charge免费charge sb. some moneyfor sth.向某人为某事收费多少 How much do you charge for repairing my car? charge sb. with sth.= ac

29、cuse sb. of sth. 指控某人犯有（的罪行或过失）That famous sportsman was charged with killing his wife. chase v. chase (after) sb. / sth. / chase the cat out of the kitchenThe criminal was caught after a car chase. imagine being chased the police; cheatvt. /n. act dishonestly or unfairly in order to win an advantag

30、e or profit欺骗，作弊；骗子词组cheat sb. out of money骗某人的钱 cheat in the exam考试作弊 cheat at cards / a complete cheat 一个十足的骗子checkv./n. make sure of sth. by examining or investigating it 检查，核对词组 check in at a hotel （在旅馆，机场等）登记，报到 check out of a hotel结帐离去，办妥手续离去check up (on) 检查，核实 in check 受抑制的，受控制的 a check for 1

31、0 dollarscheer n./v. give sb. three cheers / cheer (sb.) upchill n. 寒冷；着凉adj.冷的chilled beef / a chill wind / catch a chill / There is quite a chill in the air this morning.choosev. pick out or select (sb. / sth. that one prefers on considers the best, most suitable, etc) from a number of alternative

32、s 选择词组take your choice随你选 choose to do 愿意做某事，选择做某事cannot choose but do 除了别无选择辨析chooseselectchoose 表示“挑选，选择，选举”，使用范围最广，指从众多的对象中挑选，这种挑选常取决于个人的意志与判断，不强调客观标准。它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的，可以是有形的或无形的。它带有最终选定的含义，即表示选定后不再变化。select表示“挑选，精选”，语气比choose重，多用于正式场合。它指仔细地，审慎地精选，强调客观性，而不是主观性。它所挑选的对象可以是有形的或是无形的，但一定是同一种类的。 In the

33、new store, there are several models to choose from. He chose Mary for his wife. You have to choose between life and death. The best machines were selected and sent to the exhibition. He selected a birthday present for his wife. selections of works (选集)展开 choicen. 选择，挑选 have no choice but to do sth;

34、circlevt. move in a circle, esp. in the air 环绕；圈出vi. move in a circle 盘旋n. curved line every point on which is the same distance from the centre圆；环状物；group of people who are connected by having the same interests, profession, etc.圈子，阶层词组circle the answer 圈出答案 circle the earth 绕着地球转circle over the la

35、nding-field在降落场上空盘旋 sit in a circle 围者圈子坐a large circle of friends一大群朋友circumstance n. condition of fact connected with an event or action情况，情形；环境词组under the circumstances 在这种情况下，（情况）既然如此 under no circumstances 无论如何不，决不 （在句首要倒装）。 Under no circumstances will I let my daughter marry such a person. civ

36、iladj. of or relating to the citizens of a country 公民的，国内的，文明的词组civil rights公民权利 civil war 内战 civil society 公众社会 civil aviation 民航civil life 平民生活辨析civildomesticnativecivil 见上domestic 指“家务的；国产的，本国的”native 指“出生地，本性的，本土的”domestic appliances 家用器具 GDP = Gross Domestic Products国民生产总值domestic news 国内新闻 dom

37、estic market; native ability天生的能力 native speakers 说本族语的人claim vt. demand or request (sth) because it is or one believes it is ones right or ones property（根据权利）要求；认领vi. state or declare (sth) as a fact (without being able to prove it) 声称, 提出要求；主张n. statement of sth as a fact 要求；认领demand for a sum of

38、money索赔,声称,断言词组 claim to do sth. / claim that / claim sth.例句 Dont claim to know what you dont know.不要不懂装懂。A Canadian doctor claimed to have found a cure for SARS.一个加拿大医生声称已经找到非典的治愈办法。Has anyone claimed this watch? 有人认领这块手表吗？ a claim for damage 损坏索赔classify v. classify sb. /sth. (as sth.) / classify

39、her novels as serious literature The books in the library are classified by the subject.clearadj. easy to see through; free from obstruction 清楚的，清晰的；畅通无阻的vt. remove sth. from 清扫，清除词组clear away把清除掉，收拾 clear off 离开，溜掉clear out 清除，把腾空；走开，赶出 clear up 澄清，解决；（天）放晴；清理 We tried our best to clear up the myst

40、ery. The weather cleared up in the afternoon.辨析clear;clean做形容词时，clean指不含污物的（反dirty肮脏的）。 clean water干净的水clear指干净透明的（反muddy 浑浊的）。clear water 清澈的水。做动词时，clean 指除去尘埃或脏物。clean the room 打扫房间clear指收拾不要的东西。 clear the table（饭后）收拾餐桌climate n. regular pattern of weather conditions (temperature, rainfall, winds,

41、 etc) of a particular region 气候辨析climate；weatherweather指特定某日，某一地方的天气变化，为不可数名词。climate 指一个地区长期的天气状况，气候，为可数名词。 We had fine weather that day.那天天气很好。The island has a warm climate那个岛上气候温暖。cleveradj. be clever at painting clever fingers; a clever boy;cloth n. a piece of clothwoolen / cotton cloth / the cl

42、oth of gold / a table clothclothing un an article of clothing / / food, shelter and clothingIt is best to wear dark clothing in winter and light clothing in summer.As to clothing, a single long gown is all that they have.clothes n. mens clothes / wash clothes / pack clothes in the trunk a suit of cl

43、othes / put on / take off ones clothessome clothes; several clothes; three clothes ( X )collapse vi.The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow. The man has collapsed: call for the doctor.closev. (cause sth to) move so as to cover an opening; shut 关，闭adj. near in space and time 接近的词组be close to 在的近旁；接近于 a close game 势均力敌的比赛close friend 亲密朋友 close down 关闭，歇业come close to sth. / doing 渐进结束 keep ones eye