高考英语语法考前热身训练-情态动词和虚拟语气.doc

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1、优秀试题热身1.(2010皖南八校联考)Who is the beautiful girl standing at the school gate?Well, if you _ know, her name is Nancy.A. may B. canC. must D. shall答案与解析：C句意：站在校门口的那个漂亮女孩是谁？如果你一定要知道的话，她叫南希。此处的must表示“一定要，非要”的意思。2(2010皖南八校联考)When shall we meet your cousin at the station?His plane took off 2 hours ago, and i

2、t _ reach at 5 pm.A. should B. couldC. must D. can答案与解析：Ashould的意思是“应该会，可能”，在这里表示对将来的推测，“预期会”。3(2010皖南八校联考)Without the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.A. would win B. would have wonC. would not win D. would not have won答案与解析：D这是一个隐含的虚拟条件句，含有if my E

3、nglish teacher hadnt helped me with my spoken English之意，表示与过去的事实相反，故用与过去相反的虚拟语气，因此D项符合题意。4(2010合肥质检)It _ be really cold in November in Hefei though we usually have warm and sunny days.A. should B. willC. must D. can答案与解析：Dcan可表示常有的行为和情况，意为“有时会，时而可能”。句意：尽管合肥十一月的时候常常很暖和，但有时候可能会很冷。根据句意选D项。5(2010合肥质检)I

4、_ to your birthday party last Sunday.Unfortunately, you were out on business.A. had come B. cameC. would come D. would have come答案与解析：D根据答句“很遗憾，你当时在外出差”可知，说话人没能参加答话人的生日晚会，因此选D项，表示“我如果当时有时间的话，就参加你上周日的生日晚会了”。6(2010合肥质检)Mum, would you please buy me an MP5 player?If you can help do the dishes the whole

5、vacation, you _ have one as a reward.A. must B. needC. would D. shall答案与解析：Dshall常用于第二、三人称主语后面表示说话人的意图。句意：如果你能够在假期中帮助我刷盘子的话，你就会得到一个MP5作为奖励。7(2010合肥质检)I _ you my bicycle, but I didnt expect you would come back so soon.A. might lend B. may lendC. must have lent D. might have lent答案与解析：D句意：我本可以把自行车借给你的

6、，但是我没有想到你会这么快就回来了”。might have done表示“本可以做某事而实际上没有做”。8(2010芜湖模拟)I rang you yesterday afternoon. A man answered, but I didnt recognize the voice.Oh, it _ my uncle. He was in my room then.A. must have been B. should have beenC. must be D. should be答案与解析：A句意：昨天下午我给你打电话，一个男的接的，但是我没有听出他是谁。哦，那一定是我叔叔。他那个时候正

7、在我房间。根据题意选A项，表示对过去事情的肯定推测。9(2010东北三校联考)Its hard to believe that Jack _ have fought with the policeman.Yes. If one _ ask for trouble, it cant be helped.A. would; will B. must; mayC. should; must D. need; dare答案与解析：C句意：难以置信，杰克竟然与警察打了一架。是的。如果一个人非要找麻烦，实在没法子。句中should表示“竟然”，must表示“硬要，非要”。10(2010海南五校联考)The

8、 door _. Better have it repaired.A. wont shut B. hasnt been shutC. wont be shut D. isnt shut答案与解析：Awill可表示功用或能力，意为“能，行，成”。英语中一些不及物动词以主动形式表被动意义，常见的有cut, wash, sell, shut等，故“门关不上”不用被动语态，答案为A项。11(2010银川一中模拟)_ he have been chosen as captain of the Chinese football team?Yes, he _.A. Must; must B. Can; mu

9、stC. Must; must have D. Can; must have答案与解析：D句意：他已经当选中国足球队队长了吗？是的，他肯定当选了。由句意可知，对话是对过去事情的推测，must表示对过去事情的推测，不能用于疑问句，故排除A、C；因是对过去事情的肯定推测，故用must have (done)，选D项。12(2010宁夏部分重点质检)I _ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.A. shouldnt B. couldntC. mustnt D. neednt答案与解析：Bmust表示推测时，只能用于

10、肯定句，否定句中用can或could代替。shouldnt have done表示“本来不该做某事，而实际上却做了”。neednt have done表示“本来不必做某事，而实际上却做了”。根据句意“当事故发生时我不可能超过6岁”可知，答案为B项。13(2010福建质检)Were still at the airport. If it werent for the delayed flight, we _ the concert right now.A. can be enjoying B. must have enjoyedC. would be enjoying D. should hav

11、e enjoyed答案与解析：Cif条件句中的虚拟要注意：对现在状况的虚拟，条件句中用“一般过去时态，be动词用were”，而主句用“should/would/could/mightdo”，同时根据right now可知，此处是对正在进行的状态的虚拟，故选C项。14(2010福建质检)For environmental reasons, we_ as well take these waste products and have them recycled.A. should B. wouldC. might D. could答案与解析：C根据句意，这里表示“我们只好把这些废弃产品收起来并回收

12、利用”，固定表示may/might as well意为“做倒也无妨，只好做”，由此我们不难判断这里选C项。15(2010福建四地六校联考)If the first few sentences of your application letter fail to win the readers attention, the rest of the letter _ not be read at all.A. must B. shallC. may D. should答案与解析：C句意：如果申请信的前几句不能吸引读者，那么其余部分可能也就不会被阅读了。may表示“可能”，符合句意。16(2010厦

13、门质检)Thank you for reminding me of the time, or I _ late yesterday.Dont mention it.A. should be B. would beC. will have been D. would have been答案与解析：D从语境可知说话人是在谈论昨天的事，因此要使用情态动词would完成式。句意：谢谢你提醒我时间，不然昨天我就迟到了。17(2010龙岩质检)“Attention, please. Whoever can answer one of my questions _ receive a prize，”the

14、teacher said in class.A. might B. shallC. should D. would答案与解析：Bshall用于第二和第三人称时，可以表示“警告、命令、允诺、威胁”等语气；might表示“可能性很小”；should表示“应该(义务性)”；would表示“意志(意愿性)”。由此我们不难判断这里选B项表示“允诺”。18(2010龙岩质检)I didnt attend the lecture yesterday.I _， either, if my mother hadnt reminded me.A. wouldnt B. wouldnt haveC. didnt D

15、. hadnt答案与解析：B从句子中if my mother hadnt reminded me知，此处是对过去状况的虚拟，主句应该用should/would/could/mighthavedone结构，从选项中看只有B项合适(I wouldnt have是I wouldnt have attended the lecture的省略)。19(2010苏锡常镇调查)Did you hear Tom wascriticized for his spelling mistakes in his English composition?Yes, but a more careful person _

16、so many mistakes.A. wouldnt make B. neednt have madeC. shouldnt make D. wouldnt have made答案与解析：D“一个比较细心的人是不会犯这么多错误的”。根据句意，这里表示对“过去状况的虚拟”，用“情态动词have done”。wouldnt have done表示“过去本不该做(实际却做了)”；而neednt have done表示“过去本没必要做”；A项和C项是对现在状况的虚拟，由此我们不难判断这里选D项。20(2010南京模拟)The terrible accident is under investigat

17、ion.Actually, quicker action _ those workers trapped in the mine.A. may have saved B. must have savedC. should have saved D. could have saved答案与解析：Dcould have done表示“本可以做而实际上未做”，符合句意。21(2010长沙联考)I bet someone stole my backpack.Well, you _ have kept an eye on it.A. may B. canC. would D. should答案与解析：D

18、should have done表示“本应该做某事却没做”，即你本应该看好自己的背包的。keep an eye on意为“留心，注意”。22(2010陕西质检)My EnglishChinese dictionary has disappeared. Who _ have taken it?A. should B. mustC. could D. would答案与解析：C根据句意可知此处是对丢失字典的猜测，同时又是疑问句，因此此处用could, could have done表示“对过去情况的猜测”。23(2010西安质检)The welldressed lady was caught ste

19、aling in the fashion shop. Strangely enough, she_ have done such a thing.A. would B. mustC. should D. might答案与解析：C根据题干中的Strangely enough可知，这里应该用should，表示惊讶，可译为“竟然”。24(2010宝鸡质检)You _ get a new bicycle as a reward for doing well in the following final exam.A. must B. willC. shall D. should答案与解析：C句意：如果

20、你在接下来的期终考试中取得好成绩的话，会得到一辆自行车作为奖励。根据句意，此处要用表示“许诺”的情态动词shall。25(2010金华十校联考)Why didnt you come to Mikes birthday party yesterday?Well, I _， but I had something important to do at the moment.A. should B. mustC. should have D. must have答案与解析：Cshould have在这里相当于should have come to Mikes birthday party，即“我本应

21、该去参加Mike的生日晚会的”。should have done表“本应该做某事(但实际上未做)”，其他选项不合题意。26(2010温州十校联考)Where is Lucy?I cant say where she is, but she _ have gone to meet her classmates, for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.A. can B. shouldC. must D. may答案与解析：D这里表示对过去状况的推断，用“情态动词have done”。从前面的“我不确定她在哪里”可知，用may ha

22、ve done，表示“过去可能已经做了”(不确定)。must have done表示“过去一定做了”(非常确定)；can have done用在否定句和疑问句中，should have done表示“过去本该做(实际却没做)”。27(2010台州监测)He was receiving more and more attention in the company.So he was. But for his good education, he _ the job.A. will never get B. shouldnt have gotC. would not have got D. mus

23、tnt have got答案与解析：C回话句意：他确实在公司里受到越来越多的关注，要不是他受过良好的教育，他就不会得到这份工作。“受教育”和“得到工作”都是过去的事实，说明此处表示与过去事实相反，But for his good education是介词短语表示虚拟条件，因此主句的谓语动词用would not have got，表示对过去事实的虚拟。28(2010皖南八校联考)Did you meet with Mr. Jackson?_ I had come here a little earlier.A. If only B. Only ifC. But for D. For fear答案

24、与解析：A句意：你见到杰克逊先生了吗？(没有，)要是我来得稍微早点儿就好了。If only意为“要是就好了，但愿”，表示对过去愿望的虚拟语气。Only if“只要就，只有”，表示条件。29(2010宁夏质检)The captain urged that the mission _ before dark.A. must be finished B. ought to be finishedC. be finished D. was finished答案与解析：Curge表示“竭力主张”，引导that从句时，从句应使用虚拟语气，形式为“shoulddo”，should可以省略。故答案为C项。30(2010湖南十二校联考)If he _ that he _ to work there then, everything would be OK now.A. insisted; be sent B. insisted; was sentC. had insisted; be sent D. had insisted; was sent答案与解析：C当insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用(should) do，由此可以排除B、D两项；另外，从句表示对过去已经发生的事情的虚拟，谓语动词要用had done的形式，因此C项正确。