考博英语写作技巧.doc

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1、I. Outline TypeModel 1 问题解决型Paragraph 1 介绍主题With the rapid development of market-oriented economy, an increasing number of people are concerned about the problem of 问题 in our society. It has brought about a great influence on peoples work and living. Therefore, not only but also have to pay more att

2、ention to this phenomenon.Paragraph 2 原因分析So far as I know, some driving factors that contribute to the above-mentioned problem can be illustrated as follows. To begin with, . In addition,. And furthermore, .Paragraph 3 解决办法Based on what has been discussed so far , it follows that some effective sol

3、utions should be found to deal with the problem of _. One the one hand, ; on the other hand, . Only in this way can we finalize this problem successfully and effectively.(解决问题的具体方法可根据具体情况从政府、老百姓以及个人入手)How 类Paragraph 1 介绍(描述现象、形势、困难)Paragraph 2 列举解决方法Paragraph 3 总结/评论或自己选择及其理由Model 2 积极有利型Paragraph 1

4、 引出话题，描述话题的重要性;Along with the rapid development of science and technology ( market - oriented economy, electric industry, higher education) an increasing number of people come to realize that _ is something that we cannot do without, especially in such an intensely competitive society.Paragraph 2 分析

5、其重要性的原因或具体表现;( 事物本身的价值属性 + 社会意义)There can be no doubt that The importance of 主题 can be most clearly seen in the following aspects. To begin with, . In addition,. And finally, . (附加句 it is extremely difficult for us to imagine what our modern life would be like without_. )Paragraph 3 如何发扬光大。As the is

6、sue is becoming more and more important, Its clear that we can promote it in the following ways. For one thing, . For another,关于事物的好处或重要性可从以下几个方面描述1)convenience 方便; 2) efficiency 效率; 3) safety 安全; 4) economical经济;5) entertainment乐趣; 6) health 健康; 7) communication 交流;8) character training 性格培养; 9) ac

7、hievement成就; 10) durability 耐久性，耐用性Model 3利弊分析型Paragraph 1介绍现象(观点一和观点二)When it comes to 主题 , some people believe that _观点一， and it is often argued by other people that 观点二(或 the opposite is true ). There is probably some truth in both statements.Paragraph 2分别描述观点一和二Generally speaking, the advantages

8、 of _ can be seen clearly in the following respects. To begin with, . In addition,. And finally, . However, just as everything has two sides , there is no exception to the above discussed issue of _. On the one hand, ; on the other hand, .Paragraph 3作者的观点或结论Weighing up the pros and cons of both side

9、s, we may reasonably reach the conclusion that the advantages of _主题carry far more weight than its disadvantages. Therefore, we should manage to make the most of its benefits and try to avoid the harmful effects of _主题_.Model 4 A/B比较对照型Paragraph 1 现象A和B的介绍 + 作者的选择/判断As is well-known to all of us tha

10、t recently the topic of 主题 is becoming the most popular one in our society. However, there are two different opinions concerning it. Some people believe that 现象一 ( A is more important than B) while others argue that 现象二 ( B is more important than A. ). As far as I am concerned, the latter / the form

11、er seems more reasonable.Paragraph 2 描述作者的选择/判断Its beyond any question that A is characterized by some aspects as follows. To begin with, . Inaddition,. And finally, .However, one has to mention some weaknesses of (主题) that may also go along. A case in point is , .Paragraph 3 总结+照应另一观点As shown in ou

12、r previous discussion, _A/B_ indeed bears some distinctive features and it will still play essential roles in our modern society. Of course, we should not neglect the positive effects of _ A/B_. One typical point is that _.II. Situation writing1. Story/ Report TypeParagraph 1 描述文字+得出结论It is quite ob

13、vious / apparent to all of us that the above story describes that 讲故事(2-3句慨述. From this story, we can easily arrive at such conclusion that _结论(参考提示语).Paragraph 2 根据主题分类展开或举例说明Undoubtedly, such case frequently occur in our daily life. A case in point is that _. There is another example to illustrate

14、 this point. 例子 (也可根据主题分类， 参考前面的models 1-4)Paragraph 3作者的结论或评论Based on what has been illustrated above, we should have a correct attitude towards 主题 (解释主题)(如ones life consists of lots of goals. )If we , we will necessarily benefit a lot from it.2. Graph TypeParagraph 1 慨述图标+具体变化As can be seen clearl

15、y from the above graph, there has been an obvious tendency with respect to _ (参考提示语) in the past _years. According to the figures shown in the graph, the number of (private cars )rose slightly from_ in _to_in _. However, there was a sudden rapid decline in the number of ( private cars ) from toin_.P

16、aragraph 2紧扣主题句，分析原因Obviously, it is not difficult for us to come up with some possible factors that contribute to the above tendency. In the first place, . In the second place, . At last, .Paragraph 3发表议论，提出建议或预测Based on what has been analyzed, we can say that the drawer intends not only to tell us

17、 the fact itself, but also set us thinking about _. By the way, we may reasonably predict that, with the further development of reform and opening-up, the number of _ will continue to grow steadily in the forthcoming decade.3. Cartoon TypeParagraph 1 描述漫画+得出结论Here is a vivid and lively cartoon which

18、 depicts _(2-3句概述, Obviously, this picture conveys us a strong message that _Paragraph 2 根据主题分类展开或举例说明It is not difficult for us to come up with some possible factors that contribute to the above phenomenon if thinking carefully. To begin with, . Whats more,. At last,Paragraph 3作者的结论或评论Based on what

19、 has been discussed, I personally believe that it is high time for us to adopt some effective measures to deal with such situation. On the one hand, ; on the other hand,. Only in these ways can we _ ( prevent.from;guarantee ; protect from; solve this matter effectively and successfully)III, 考生造句标准和原

20、则必须符合下列句型原则1. 基本句型 (详见笔记-五大基本句型)2. 扩展句型 (详见笔记-三种扩展方式)3. 特殊句型 (详见笔记-十大特殊句型)英语写作句型训练示范1. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，

21、并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。2. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适，减少了大量劳动。3. There are several reasons for this problem. One of

22、the main reasons is that the number of vehicles is increasing much more rapidly than building of roads. Another primary reason is that there seem to be too many private cars and not enough public buses.关于这个问题，有很多原因。一个主要原因是车辆增加的数量远快于道路的建设。另一个主要原因是私家车过多而公交车不够。4. Today an increasing number of people ha

23、ve realized that law education is of great importance. In order to keep law and order, every one of us is supposed to get a law education.现在，愈来愈多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。为了维护社会治安 ，我们每人都应该接受法制教育。5. From what I have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on TV has great influence on youngsters behavio

24、r.从上面我所提到的，我们可以清楚地看到，电视暴力对青少年的影响是极其深远的。6. People differ in their attitudes towards failure. Faced with it, some of them can stand up to it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. Others, however, lose heart and give in.人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败，有人能够经得起考验，从失败中汲取教训

25、，并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而，另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。7. Lets take cars for example. They not only pollute the air in cities, but make them crowded. Furthermore, they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents. The noise made by cars disturbs the residents living on both sides of streets all day and night.就拿汽车为例。

26、汽车不仅污染城市空气，而且使城市拥挤不堪。此外，汽车造成许多交通事故。汽车所产生的噪音使居住在街道两旁的居民日夜不得安宁。8. As is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers, and the progress of the society is based on harmony.众所周知，假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益, 社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。9. It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solv

27、e the traffic problems. Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。那些违反交通规则的人应该受到处罚。10. There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired and that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. Nothing is more important than to receive education. The more books we read, the more learned we become.