人教新版八年级Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake知识归纳.doc

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1、人教新版八年级Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake知识归纳【重难点】1、本单元重点词汇、句型2、可数名词与不可数名词量的表达3、祈使句的类型【教学目标】1、掌握本单元的重点词汇、句型2、能快速地辨别可数名词和不可数名词，并灵活地使用可数名词的复数形式3、学会祈使句的用法【教学过程】一、【必背词汇】n名词：shake奶昔blender果汁机yogurt酸奶honey蜂蜜spoon勺子，汤匙，调羹salt盐pepper胡椒粉，辣椒sugar糖butter黄油cheese干酪，奶酪corn玉米，谷物popcorn爆米花sandwich三明治bread面

2、包piece片，块，件，篇lettuce生菜，莴苣turkey火鸡gravy肉汁，肉汤watermelon西瓜plate盘子，碟子oven烤箱，烤炉covern.盖子，覆盖物v.遮盖，盖上v动词：cut切，割cut up切碎pour倾倒，灌pourinto倾倒进peel剥皮，剥落add加，增加add.to把加到serve服务，提供mix混合mixwith把和混合在一起adj形容词：traditional传统的prep介词：into到里，addinto把加到里pourinto把倒进里putinto把放到里adv副词：finally最后地，最终（first, next, then, finally

3、）二、【必背短语】1. turn on（off）打开、接通关掉（电器2.cut up切碎3. pourinto把倒入4. milk shake奶昔5. addto把加到上6.a piece of一片，一张，一条，一块，一首7.how many/how much多少8.two spoons of两茶匙9. fillwith用把装满10.coverwith用覆盖/盖着11.make a banana milk shake制作香蕉奶昔12.turkey slices火鸡切片13.heres a recipe for.这儿是制作的食谱14.at this time在这时15.slices of duc

4、k =duck slices鸭肉片16.a cup of yogurt一杯酸奶17.need some help需要一些帮助18.puton把放在的上面19.one by one一个接一个20. some lettuce一些生菜不可数（bread, butter）三、【重难点学习】（一）词汇、短语学习1、peel【用法】peel意为“剥，削（水果的皮）”，为及物动词，其后既可接名词、代词作宾语，也可接双宾语，即peel sb. sth.或peel sth. for sb.，意为“给某人削（剥）果皮”。【例句】1. I often help my mother peel potatoes.我经常

5、帮妈妈削土豆。2. Please peel a banana for me. = Please peel me a banana.请帮我剥一个香蕉。【考查点】单词本身【易错点】后接双宾语的情况【考题链接】Your brother is very young. Please peel an orangehim.A. toB. forC. withD. of解题思路：peel sth. for sb.=peel sb. sth.，意为“给某人削（剥）果皮”。句意为“你弟弟还小，请给他剥一个橘子。”答案：B2、slice【用法】slice意为“薄片，切片”，常用短语a slice of表示“一片”。

6、【例句】1. What he needed was just a slice of chicken.他所需要的仅仅是一片鸡肉。2. Please give me a slice of bread to make a sandwich.请给我一片面包，我要做三明治。【考查点】用slice来表达不可数名词的量【易错点】slice的复数形式【考题链接】There are twoin the basket.A. breadB. breadsC. slices of breadD. slices of breads解题思路：bread是不可数名词，表示复数时，只能在表示数量的名词上体现。答案：C3、to

7、p【用法】top是名词，意为“顶；上部”，on the top意为“在上面”；on表示在一个面上，top后常接of。【例句】1. The mountain tops are covered with snow.山顶遍布积雪。2. She put some sugar on the top of her cake.她在蛋糕上加上糖。【考查点】短语on the top of【易错点】介词on【考题链接】the top of the hill, there are many trees.A. WithB. OnC. InD. Under解题思路：句意为“在山顶上有很多树。”on the top of

8、表示“在的顶部”，为固定搭配。答案：B【即学即练】1. Before we eat bananas, we shouldthem first.A. cutB. mixC. peelD. check2. Pass me three(slice) of chicken.3. The high mountain has a tower on the tof it.（根据句意及首字母提示完成单词）4、pour【用法】pour是动词，意为倒,往倒,倾泻。常用短语及句型有：pour down“大雨倾盆而下”、pourinto“把倒进”、pour sth for sb=pour sb sth“为某人倒”【例

9、句】1. She poured some orange juice into my glass.她往我的杯子里倒了些橘子汁。2. Would you like to pour me a cup of coffee, please.请给我倒一杯咖啡好吗?3. The rain is pouring down.天正在下倾盆大雨.【考查点】与介词into、for、down的搭配【易错点】介词for【考点链接】She p_ herself another cup of tea.解题思路：她又给自己倒了一杯茶。答案：poured5、amount【用法】n.总数；总额；量；数额。amount用来修饰不可数

10、名词，常用短语是a large amount of.【例句】1. The amount of money is 2,000 dollars.钱的总额是两千美元。2. The boss has a large amount of money.这个老板有一大笔钱。【考查点】与不可数名词搭配【易错点】与不可数名词搭配【考题链接】_ food is wasted.A. ManyB. A large amount ofC. AmountD. A large of解题思路：大量的食物都被浪费掉了。a large amount of用来修饰不可数名词。答案：B6、need【用法】v.需要。做实义动词，可以直

11、接带宾语，也可以和带to的不定式连用，可用于各种结构。【例句】1. I need some help.我需要一些帮助。2. They didnt need to go.他们不必去。3. The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。【拓展】need做情态动词。need做情态动词表示“需要”,主要用于否定及疑问句中，没有时态与人称的变化，后加动词原形。【例句】Need I come?要我来吗？Yes, you must.是，你得来。No, you neednt.不，你不必来。【考查点】不同情况下后面所跟动词的形式【易错点】后面动词的形式【考题链接】He didn

12、t need _ (come) last night.解题思路：他昨晚不必来。need在此句中为实义动词，其后接带to的不定式。答案：to come【即学即练】1. What sort of house do you want to have? Something big? Well, itbe big thats not important.A. mustntB. needntC. cantD. wont2.“Must we do it now?” “No, you _.”A. wontB. needntC. cantD. dont3. You _ to the meeting this a

13、fternoon if you have something important to do.A. neednt to comeB. dont need comeC. dont need comingD. neednt come4.You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.A. cantB. mustntC. needntD. may not7、mix【用法】v.混合；混在一起。常用短语mix up搅匀；搅和；混淆；弄乱,其结构为动词加副词构成，后接名词或代词做宾语，名词可以放在中间或者后面，代词

14、只能放中间。【例句】1. You should mix up all the ingredients.你要把所有的材料混合起来。2.Its too easy to mix him up with his brother. They look the same.很容易把他和他的兄弟认错，他俩长的很像。【考查点】与介词up搭配【易错点】与介词up搭配、后面跟代词是up的位置【考题链接】If you _ blue and yellow, you will make green.A. putB. mixC. get解题思路：如果你把蓝色和黄色掺起来，你会得到绿色。答案：B8、finally【用法】ad

15、v.最后地；最终可放于句首、句中或句末。其形容词为final。【例句】1. I worked out the maths problem finally.最终我算出了那道数学题。2. Finally put the books away in the cupboard.最后把书收拾起来放到橱子里。3. We are getting ready for the final exam.我们正在为期末考试做准备。【考查点】副词修饰动词【易错点】在动词前误用final【考题链接】They _ (final) realized that the whole thing was a joke.解题思路：副

16、词修饰动词。他们终于意识到整个事情是场玩笑。答案：finally9、turn on【用法】turn on意为“打开，旋开（电灯、煤气、自来水、无线电等）”，其反义词组是turn off“关（水源、煤气、电灯等）。注意：“开（关）门、窗、盒子”等用动词open和close。【例句】1. Its too dark. Please turn on the light.太黑了，请开灯吧。2. Please turn off the TV when you leave the room.离开房间的时候请关掉电视机。【考查点】短语辨析：turn on, turn off, turn up, turn do

17、wnturn on意为“（把水源、煤气、电源等）打开”，其反义词组为turn off；turn down意为“（把收音机的音量、灯等）关小、调低”，其反义词组为turn up。这些短语中on, off, up, down都是副词，后接代词作宾语时，代词要放在副词的前面。【例句】The radio is very loud. Can you turn it down a little, please?收音机开的太大声了，你能把它调低一点吗？【易错点】代词作宾语时的位置【考题链接】1. Pleasethe TV. Its time for the evening news.A. turn onB.

18、 turn offC. turn downD. turn up解题思路：turn on意为“打开”；turn off意为“关闭”；turn up意为“把音量调高”；turn down意为“把音量调低”。根据题干中的Its time for the evening news.可知是让“打开”电视。答案：A2. Dont do any other things while you are doing your homework. So pleaseyour MP3.A. turn upB. turn downC. turn onD. turn off解题思路：turn on意为“打开”；turn

19、off意为“关闭”；turn up意为“把音量调高”；turn down意为“把音量调低”。题意“当你做作业时，不要做其他的任何事情，请关闭你的MP3。”答案：D【即学即练】1.Dont you think her radio is too noisy?Yes, Ill go and ask her to.A. turn it upB. turn it onC. turn it overD. turn it down2. Pleasethe light when you leave the room.A. turn onB. turn downC. turn offD. turn up10、c

20、ut up【用法】cut up意为“切碎”，是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语，代词作宾语时只能放在中间，名词作宾语时既可放在其中间也可放在副词up的后面。【例句】1. This watermelon is too big. Please cut it up.这个西瓜太大了，请切开它。2. You should cut up the meat first.首先你得先把肉切了。【考查点】短语本意【易错点】代词作宾语时的位置【考题链接】Here are the bananas. Please cut.A. it upB. up itC. them upD. up them解题思路：bananas为复

21、数形式，故代词用them。cut up后接代词作宾语时代词应放在其中间，而接名词作宾语时，名词既可放在其中间也可放在副词后面。本题中该短语后接代词，故选C。答案：C【即学即练】The apple is too big. You canfirst.A.cut them upB. cut up itC. cut it upD. mix it up其他词汇、词组：11、one more thing“还有一件事”【用法】基数词+more+名词，意为“再，又，还”=another+基数词+名词【例句】Two more apples=another two apples12、fill【用法】强调动作：fi

22、llwith把用装满；fillinto把装入【例句】1.The farmer fills the bag with corn.2.He filled the books into the boxes.强调状态：be filled with装满了=be full of【例句】1. The bags is filled with corn.2. The bottle is full of yogurt.13、cover【用法】n.覆盖物，盖子；封皮the cover of the bookv.覆盖，盖上coverwith用盖上，强调动作：Cover the dish with newspapers

23、.be covered with被覆盖，强调状态：The outside is all covered with snow.14、serve【用法】v.服务，接待，提供serve （to sb.）（给）提供=serve sb. (with) sth.【例句】The hotel serve the guests (with) breakfast.（二）句型学习1、How many bananas do we need?【用法】how many意为“多少”，后接可数名词的复数形式，用来提问可数名词的数量。【例句】1.How many books do you have?About 50.2. Ho

24、w many monkeys are there in the zoo?【考查点】在句型转换中，对可数名词的量进行提问。【易错点】how many后必须接可数名词的复数。【考题链接】There isabook on the desk.（对划线部分提问）there on the desk?解题思路：尽管句子中只有a book，但提问时并不知道是单数，故需用how many books。谓语也要相应的用复数形式。答案：How many books are2、How much yogurt do we need?【用法】how much亦意为“多少”，询问不可数名词的数量，后接不可数名词；how m

25、uch还可以用来提问价格。【例句】1. How much milk is there in the cup?2.How much is the coat?80 yuan.【考查点】在句型转换中，对不可数名词的量进行提问。【易错点】how much后必须接不可数名词。【考题链接】This jacket costs200 yuan.（对划线部分提问）does the jacket cost?解题思路：划线部分表示“价格”，对价格提问应用how much。答案：How much【即学即练】1. We needoneteaspoon of honey.（对划线部分提问）of honey do you

26、need?2. We needone teaspoon ofyogurt.（对划线部分提问）do you need?3.apples do we need?Four.A. How manyB. How muchC. How oftenD. How soon4. Howhoney do we need?A. manyB. anyC. someD. much5. How many(glass) of water are there on the table?四、【语法点学习】（一）祈使句含义：用来表达请求、命令、警告、禁止等得句子，以动词原形开头。类型结构主语否定强调形式Do型实意动词原形（+宾语

27、）+其他第二人称句首加Dont或Never句首加DO或主语YouBe型Be动词+表语（形或名）+其他第二人称Let型Let+宾语+动词原形+其他第一/第三人称Let sb.notdo【例句】1.Have a cup of milk shake.Dont have any milk shake.2.Be careful, please.Dont be careless.3.Let them leave here.Let them not leave here.4.Do be careful when you cross the road.（强调句）过马路时你务必小心。5. You do as I

28、 told you.（强调句）你按照我所说的做。（二）可数名词与不可数名词英语中的物质名词大体上可分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。1.可数名词可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an，表示“一个”，如：a banana。其复数形式要在词尾加s或es（特殊情况除外），如：two bananas。2.不可数名词不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分，也不能在词前直接加冠词a或an。表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的数量词构成短语。如：a piece of, a glass of, a bottle of., a bag of, a teaspoon of等

29、。【考题链接】1.How much yogurt do we need?We need.A. two yogurtB. two teaspoons of yogurtC. two yogurtsD. two teaspoons of yogurts解题思路：不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能用冠词a/an修饰，但其数量可以通过表示容器或体积大小的名词等与介词of一起构成短语来表示。答案：B2. Its good to haveevery day.A. two glass of milkB. two glass of milksC. two glasses of milkD. two glasses

30、 of milks解题思路：本题考查不可数名词的数量。milk为不可数名词，无复数形式，可排除B和D；但glass为可数名词，有复数形式，故选C。答案：C3.可数名词与不可数名词的修饰词1）可数名词的单数形式可在名词前直接加a或an，表示“一个”，如：an apple。其复数形式要在词尾加s或es（特殊情况除外），如：two oranges (两个桔子)。可数名词的数量除了用冠词a，an和基数词表示外，还可用下面的数量词表示：many许多如：many apples许多苹果a few几个如：a few students几个学生few很少如：few people很少人2）不可数名词还可用下面的数量

31、词表示数量：much许多如：much rain大量的雨a little一点儿如：a little water一点儿水little很少如：little meat一丁点儿肉3）既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的数量词有：lots of = a lot of许多，大量如：lots of paper大量的纸a lot of books很多书some一些（用于肯定句）如：some water一些水some cups一些杯子【考题链接】Puton a slice of bread.A. many cheeseB. a few relishC. some butterD. relishes解题思路：che

32、ese, relish都是不可数名词，所以不能用many, a few修饰，也不能变为复数形式，故选some butter。答案：C4.可数名词复数形式的构成方法名词单数变复数口诀：名词单数变复数，直接加-s的占多数；词尾若是-s，-x，-ch，sh，直接加上-es。词尾若是f或fe，加-s之前要变ve；“辅音字母+y”，要把y变i再加-es。词尾字母若是o，加-es的有hero，tomato和potato等；加-s的有photo，radio等。还有一些不规则变化：男人女人变一个；脚牙一变变一双；小孩后面加三个。鹿和绵羊是一家，单数复数无变化。具体单词如下：man-menwoman-women

33、policeman（男警察）-policemenpolicewoman（女警察）-policewomenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethfish-fishsheep-sheepdeer -deerpeople-peopleChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanese【考题链接】I was so excited when I saw so manyon the farm.A. chickenB. sheepC. duck解题思路：因为many修饰可数名词，而chicken的复数形式为chickens，duck的复数形式为

34、ducks，只有sheep“绵羊”单复数同形。答案：B以-f(e)结尾的名词变复数树叶半数自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像小偷逃命忙。leafleaveshalfhalveswifewivesknifeknivesshelfshelveswolfwolvesthiefthieves两个特例：roofroofs, scarfscarfs /scarves【考题链接】There are a lot of(leaf) on the tree when spring comes.解题思路：以-f(e)结尾的名词变复数，先把f或fe变为ve，再加s。答案：leaves表示“某国人”的名词变复

35、数中日不变英法变，其他-s加后面。Chinese, Japanese, Englishman, Frenchman, American, Australian, German【即学即练】1.Can I help you?Bring us two, please.A. teaspoons of butterB. teaspoon of butterC. teaspoon of buttersD. teaspoons of butters2. Please give me.A. three cup of teaB. three cups of teasC. three cup teaD. three cups of tea3. There are twoin the basket.A. potatosB. tomatosC. potatoesD. zoos4. Id like some cheese and(tomato), please.5. I want to put some(sugar) in the porridge.http:/www.ngk-http:/www.china-http:/www.china-http:/www.dg-http:/www.mx-更多内容访问 _上海辉通通信科技有限公司 更多内容访问 _上海航丰国际货运代理有限公司