高二英语必修五知识点总结精选5篇.docx

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1、高二英语必修五知识点总结精选5篇说到高二英语,许多同学都会说很难，确实,相对而言，高二英语是中学英语中最难的一局部，但我们必须要把学问点给吃透。下面就是我给大家带来的高二英语必修五学问点，盼望对大家有所协助！ 高二英语必修五学问点1 【一般过去时】 1. 一般过去时的定义 一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before ,

2、 when clause, in the past连用。如： What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么? I met Lin Tao this morning. 今日上午我会到了林涛。 I was there a moment ago. 刚刚我在那儿。 2. 一般过去时的应用 (1) 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。如： Liu Ying was in America last year. 刘英去年在美国。 Jim rang you just now. 吉姆刚刚给你打了电话。 (2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常接时间副词often, usually, a

3、lways, sometimes, every day / week, etc. 如： We often went out for a walk after supper. 我们过去常在晚饭后漫步。 We usually played together. 我们通常一起玩。 3. 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求 page 一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规那么改变和不规那么改变两种形式，不规那么改变通常须要逐个记忆，规那么改变那么遵循以下原那么： (1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如：playplayed, offeroffered, weighweighed, destroy

4、destroyed, signsigned. (2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：likeliked, provideprovided, hate hated, datedated。 (3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，那么改y为i，再加ed。如：supplysupplied, flyflied, study studied. (4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最终一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：planplanned, referreferred, regretregretted, banbanned. 4. 特殊说明 有些动词的过去时，

5、如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时，后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式，都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、准备或盼望。如： I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本盼望他来邀请我参与他的婚礼。 I intended to have joined their games. I had intended to join their games. 我本准备参与他们的竞赛

6、。 高二英语必修五学问点2 【词语】 1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 赐予伤员的急救。 短语联想 give/offer aid 救济 come to sbs aid 协助某人 teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救援 with the aid of 借助于 get injured 受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get + 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫 get - 型被动语态。又如： The computer got (was)damaged when we were moving

7、. My bike is getting (is being)repaired row. 2. Protect 动词，“爱护、维护”，用于句式“protect + 名词 + against/from + 名词”。 e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight. 【短语联想】 Keep. from. 不让/幸免 stop. (from) . 阻挡 prevent.(from) . 阻碍/防止 disable. from. 使失去(实力/资格) save. from. 挽救、挽救 3.depen

8、d on 取决于。 e.g. The amount you pay depends on where you live.词义拓展 depend on 依靠，依靠：His family depends on him. 他的一家人全靠他养活。 依靠，信任：We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday. 4. squeeze 动词，意思是“榨取”、“挤出”，例如：squeeze an orange 榨橘子 squeeze + 名词 + out(of/from) + 名词， e.g. Those blackmailers intended to

9、 squeeze more money out of him. 5. hurt 既可作及物动词，作“损害”、“使受伤”解，也可作不及物动词，作“难过”、“感到难过”解。既可表达身体的受伤，也可以表达情感的损害。例如： e.g. The little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself. The driver hurt himself in the accident. 司机在事故中受了伤。 6. unless 除非;假如不。如： 7. icy adj. 冰凉的 -y 是个形容词后缀。如： windy 有风的 hilly 多小山的 sleepy

10、 困倦的 greeny 略呈绿色 spicy 辛辣的 woody 树木茂密的 thirsty 饥渴的 dirty 脏的 snowy 下雪的 8. in place 放在适当的地方。如： e.g. The librarian put the returned books in place. 图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。 Yond better put things back in place.Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things. 9. sense n. 感觉 sense of touch 触觉 sense of sight 视觉 se

11、nse of hearing 听觉 sense of smell 嗅觉 sense of humour 幽默感 sense of beauty 美感 ense of hunger 饥饿感 the sixth sense 第六感 10. variety n. 多样, 种类, a variety of 各种各样 高二英语必修五学问点3 一、不定式做主语： 1、不定式做主语一般表示详细的某次动作。=动名词doing 表示习惯的，经常的动作。 e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult. To do such things is foolis

12、h. To see is to believe. (对等) 注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数 2). 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。 it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于以下构造中： (1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do (2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary (3) it is +a +名词+ to do. It is a pity /

13、 a pleasure / a pleasant thing / ones duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job to do It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience to do It requires courage / patience / hard work to do 留意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语，但possible可以用不定式作真实主语， 而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。 It is probable for him to come

14、to the meeting.(错) It is possible for him to come to the meeting. It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting. 二、不定式做表语 主语是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等为中心词的名词词组 或以 what 引导的名词性从句表示，后面的不定式说明其内容, 不定式作表语常表示将来或此时此刻的动作或状态。 eg :My idea is to climb the

15、 mountain from the north. Your mistake was not to write that letter. What I would suggest is to start work at once. 三 、动词不定式作宾语 以不定式构造为宾语的动词有： ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用动词不定式作宾语 口诀(

16、接不定式作宾语的动词) 想要学习 早准备( want learn plan) 快打算 有盼望( prepare hope wish expect) 同意否 供选择(agree offer choose) 确定了 已容许(decide be determined promise) 尽力去 着手做(manage undertake) 别拒绝 别假装(refuse pretend) 失败不是属于你(fail) e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen. We hope to get there before dark. The girl decided to do it

17、herself. 高二英语必修五学问点4 【First aid学问点】 1. first aid 的意思是“急救”，例如：first aid to the injured 赐予伤员的急救。 短语联想： give/offer aid 救济 come to sbs aid 协助某人 teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救援 with the aid of 借助于 get injured 受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get + 及物动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫 get - 型被动语态。又如： The computer got (was)damaged w

18、hen we were moving. 我们搬家的时候，电脑碰坏了。 高二英语必修五学问点5 一、引导主语从句的连词主要有： 附属连词：that whether 连接代词：who whoever whom whose what whatever which whichever 连接副词：when where how why 二、用法 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比拟 主语从句常用it作形式主语，一般常用句型为：It is+名词/形容词/过去分词+主语从句例如： It is sti

19、ll a question whether she will come or not. It is strange that you should like him. It is still unknown which team will win the match. 另外，还有一些比拟多见的构造： It turned out that; It has been proved that; It happened/occurred that; It is well-known that等等 而强调句那么不同，它的构造是：It+be+被强调局部+that+从句 强调主语：It is the tim

20、es that produce their heroes.时势造英雄 强调宾语：It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us. 强调状语：It was in shanghai that I saw the film. 判定是否是强调句有一个方法，就是将that以后的“句子的其余局部”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那局部，带到你认为缺成分的地方，假如放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。 2. 用it 作形式主语的构造 (1) It is +名词+that从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It i

21、s an honor that 特别荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识 (2) it is +形容词+that从句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 惊奇的是 (3) it +不及物动词+that从句 It seems that 好像 It happened that 碰巧 (4) it is+过去分词+that从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证明 3.主语从句不行位于句首的五种状况 (1) if引导的主语从句不行居于复合句句首。 (2)

22、It is said , (reported) 构造中的主语从句不行提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (3) It happens, It occurs 构造中的主语从句不行提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (4) It doesnt matter how/whether 构造中的主语从句不行提前。例如： It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. (5

23、) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不行提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区分 What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that 那么不然。例如： What you said yesterday is right. 三、宾语从句用以区分主语从句的几个特征 1、引导词：what which whose when whet herif where 2语序：宾语从句必需是用陈述语句。(名词性从句都是陈述语序) 如：I think that you must work harder. 宾语从句的引导词、连接词的区分、否认转移等现象。 补充：从句的语序恒久是陈述句。 高二英语必修五学问点总结精选最新5篇