中考英语复习题型五-完形填空(共10页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上题型五完形填空河北中考五年命题规律及趋势年份20192018201720162015体裁记叙文说明文记叙文说明文记叙文话题兴趣与职业盐的重要性及其历史成长的经历讲述了大雁团队合作的例子学会释放压力词数和段落252词，4段式230词，4段式285词，7段式209词，6段式233词，7段式考查点名词、动词及动词短语、形容词、副词、连词、介词等【规律总结】河北中考完形填空体裁主要为记叙文，偶尔会涉及说明文和议论文，篇幅逐渐增长，字数增多。常考点为：动词词义辨析、名词词义辨析和形容词词义辨析，通常各设置23题。副词词义辨析和动词短语辨析，通常各设置1题。其他词类也偶有考查。【

2、命题趋势及预测】预测河北2020年中考完形填空体裁以记叙文为主，话题贴近学生生活。考查内容：以考查动词词义辨析、名词词义辨析、形容词词义辨析、副词词义辨析、动词短语辨析为主，兼顾其他词性的考查。解题方法与技巧完形填空是介于单项选择题和阅读理解题之间的一种题型，旨在考查学生对词汇和语法知识在单句、上下文、语篇等各种具体语境下的综合运用能力，这就要求学生在解题中掌握一些方法、技巧。1速读。初读全文，跳开选项了解信息，初步掌握文章大意，抓住主题。完形填空短文的首句一般不设空，因此认真阅读短文开头的第一、二句，有利于准确预测和推断短文的主旨大意。不要急于看选项，找答案。应通篇浏览文章，掌握文中的时间、

3、地点、人物及事件。也不要拘泥于个别细节，否则难以达到整体上的把握。2精读。精读细研，初填试选，抓住短文的每段、每句及作者的思想。再读时，可以运用一些方法来全面地审视填空，即常见完形填空的7种命题角度：语境推断、词汇复现、生活常识、固定搭配、逻辑推理、推理判断、语法知识(河北近5年中考完形填空中并没有涉及过此种命题角度)。3复读。再次阅读文章，瞻前顾后，反复推敲，检查答案是否符合文章逻辑推理。对于那些不易定夺的选项或单词，可以从前后文和单词的搭配、语义、语法上进行分析推断。即：先看前后搭配是否符合语法；再看上下文意思是否通顺；然后看情节是否合理以及是否符合生活常识和文化背景，从而选出正确的答案。

4、填完所有空格以后，还需要进行最后的校核。考试时，校核最好在检查完其他试题之后进行。因为刚做完完形填空题，学生的思路仍留在原来的线上，若稍隔一段时间或做一些其他题目，再回头复读全文，从语感上体会文章是否通顺，校核所填的词是否合理，前后是否连贯，结构是否完整，就可以从另一个角度来观察一切，从而提高答题的准确率。(2019河北中考)I have invented robots which improve the work of cars.My love of making things began _1_I was a kid.I really became excited about invent

5、ing after I learned about Thomas Edison.One day in fourth grade，our _2_ gave us a project in class.We had to write to a company and learn about the products.I thought and thought. _3_ I chose the Thomas AEdison Company.Soon after，the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison.How I enjoy

6、ed reading and rereading about his _4_！ I like the recorded sound and the electric light most.The inventions were clearly printed on my brain.My dad noticed my interest in inventing and _5_ me.He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and then into new things.Once，I surprised my dad _6_ a model p

7、lane I made.Later，we found a _7_ model plane in a store.I learned that different inventors often invent similar things.It is not unusual for this to happen.I also learned that not all great ideas _8_.Failure is a common part of the inventing.As my father and I worked together，I began to realize that

8、 my dad was quite an inventor himself.He was always _9_ a better way to do a simple job.His guiding hands，together with my _10_ in inventing，led me to become an engineer and an inventor.Of course，I also thank Thomas Edison.He is my hero.()1.A.before Bafter Cwhen Duntil()2.A.parent Bteacher Cinventor

9、 Dengineer()3.A.Easily BFinally CSafely DQuickly()4.A.lights Bprojects Csuggestions Dinventions()5.A.mistook Brefused Cchose Dencouraged()6.A.with Babout Cinto Dfrom()7.A.different Bsimilar Clarge Dsmall()8.A.work Bfail Ccome Dend()9.A.looking at Blooking for Clooking after Dlooking through()10.A.ha

10、bit Bstory Cinterest Dplan【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“我”小时候就对制造东西非常感兴趣，上学后对托马斯爱迪生及其发明有了更深入的了解。托马斯爱迪生的影响，以及父亲对“我”的支持、鼓励，加上“我”对发明的兴趣，使“我”成为一名工程师和发明家。1C【解析】命题角度：逻辑推理。 考查连词辨析。根据下文可知，此处指在“我”小时候就热爱制作东西。when 意为“在时候”，符合语境。before意为“在之前”；after意为“在之后”；until意为“直到”，均与语境不符。故选C。2B【解析】命题角度：语境推断。考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“gave us a pro

11、ject in class”可知，此处指老师给“我们”布置了一项作业。teacher意为“老师”，符合语境。parent意为“父亲或母亲”；inventor意为“发明家”；engineer意为“工程师”，均与语境不符。故选B。3B【解析】命题角度：逻辑推理。考查副词辨析。根据空格前一句“I thought and thought.”并结合语境可知，此处指“我”再三考虑，最终选择了Thomas AEdison公司。finally意为“最终”，符合语境。easily意为“容易地”；safely意为“安全地”；quickly意为“快速地”，均与语境不符。故选B。4D【解析】 命题角度：词汇复现和生活

12、常识。考查名词辨析。根据常识可知，爱迪生有很多发明，所以此处指“我”很喜欢一遍又一遍地读安迪生的发明。invention意为“发明”，同时下文也提到invention。light意为“灯”；project意为“项目”；suggestion意为“建议”，均与语境不符。故选D。5D【解析】命题角度：语境推断。考查动词辨析。根据空格后一句“He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and then into new things.”可知，此处指父亲经常鼓励“我”，教“我”如何把自己的想法变成计划，然后再变成新的东西。encourage意为“鼓励”，符合

13、语境。mistake意为“误会”；refuse意为“拒绝”；choose意为“选择”，均与语境不符。故选D。6A【解析】 命题角度：语境推断。考查介词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指“我”做了一架飞机模型，让父亲很吃惊。surprise sb. with sth.是固定用法，意为“某物使某人大吃一惊”。about意为“关于”；into意为“到里”；from意为“从；来自”，均与语境不符。故选A。7B【解析】 命题角度：逻辑推理。考查形容词辨析。根据空格后一句“I learned that different inventors often invent similar things.”可知，此处指“

14、我们”在商店里发现了一个类似的飞机模型。similar意为“类似的”，符合语境。different意为“不同的”；large意为“大的”；small意为“小的”，均与语境不符。故选B。8A【解析】命题角度：逻辑推理。考查动词辨析。根据空格后一句“Failure is a common part of the inventing.”可知，此处指并非所有的想法都能成功。work意为“奏效；成功”，符合语境。fail意为“失败”；come意为“来”；end意为“结束”，均与语境不符。故选A。9B【解析】命题角度：逻辑推理。考查动词短语辨析。根据空格前一句中的“my dad was quite an

15、inventor himself”可知，此处指父亲总是在寻找更好的方法做简单的工作。look for意为“寻找”，符合语境。look at意为“看”；look after意为“照顾”；look through意为“浏览”，均与语境不符。故选B。10C【解析】命题角度：词汇复现。考查名词辨析。根据第一段第二句“My love of making things began _1_ I was a kid.”可知，此处指“我”对发明的兴趣。interest意为“兴趣”，符合语境。habit意为“习惯”；story意为“故事”；plan意为“计划”，均与语境不符。故选C。,考点：语境推断方法突破：语境

16、推断题在完形填空中是最常见的，学生首先要弄清楚文章围绕何主题展开等，从而理解语境，体验语境。考点：逻辑推理方法突破：连词辨析类的试题通常采用逻辑推理的方法，判断出设空前后两句之间的关系，选出正确的单词。考点：词汇复现方法突破：在完形填空中，考查名词词义辨析时，通常使用词汇复现的解题方法，学生不要急于选出答案，须通过上下文的提示，读懂题意，选出正确的答案。考点：生活常识方法突破：做此类题目时，应该联系生活实际和常识，然后作出正确的判断。河北中考考点精练A(2019德阳中考改编)Thirty years ago, I walked into a bakery(面包厂) to buy some ca

17、kes to sell in the street. At that time, I was 12 years old. A kind lady served me that day. She gave me twenty cakes without taking my money and _1_ me good luck.I took the cakes and went out to sell them. It took me all day, _2_ I sold them all.And I made some money.I felt I was the _3_ boy in the

18、 world when I walked home that evening.The next day, I went to a bike shop. I paid a deposit(定金) for a new _4_. And then I started my job as a newspaper delivery(投递) boy. Soon I could _5_ the rest of the money for the bike and the bike was mine. I was so _6_ myself.Today I _7_ work in the delivery b

19、usiness. I have a truck to send things all over the country. I live in a beautiful house, but I dont ride a bike these days. I drive a nice large car.I dont know who that _8_ was. But because she gave me the start, I have become a _9_ man. Id like to show my _10_ to her.(B)1.A.asked Bwished Csaid Dt

20、old(A)2.A.but Bif Cfor Dof(C)3.A.unluckiest Blaziest Chappiest Dsmartest(D)4.A.car Btruck Cbus Dbike(B)5.A.spend Bpay Ccost Dtake(B)6.A.afraid of Bproud ofCworried about Dinterested in(D)7.A.yet Beven Cever Dstill(C)8.A.boy Bman Clady Dchild(A)9.A.successful Bpoor Cgood Dbad(B)10.A.sorry Bthanks Cre

21、grets DloveB(2019鄂州中考改编)On a hot summer morning, an old fisherman was fishing near a river. A child went by seeing him fishing. After a few minutes, the child found that the fisherman was really good _1_ fishing，because he didnt _2_ long catching a full basket of fish. As the fisherman felt that the

22、 child was clever, he offered him some fish. But the child _3_ his head. The fisherman asked in _4_， “Why not want the fish？”The child pointed at the fishing rod(杆) in his hands and said, “I only want that.”“Why do you only want the rod？”asked the fisherman.“Eating up all the fish you gave doesnt ta

23、ke long. But if I have a fishing rod, I can go _5_ by myself and I wont be afraid of not having any more fish to eat.”I think you will _6_ say that the child is very cute. Wrong! I think if he doesnt know _7_ to fish, he cant have fish to eat, even though he has the fishing rod. So its _8_ to only h

24、ave a fishing rod. Fishing skills are the _9_ important, not the fishing rod.In modern society, some people think that if they have a “fishing rod” in their life, theyll _10_ fear the wind and rain, just like the child who thought that if he had a fishing rod, he would have fish to eat.(C)1.A.for Bi

25、n Cat Dwith(D)2.A.take Bcost Cpay Dspend(C)3.A.lifted BnoddedCshook Dshaked(B)4.A.surprises BsurpriseCsurprised Dsurprising(B)5.A.running BfishingCswimming Dshopping(D)6.A.mainly BfinallyCexactly Dcertainly(A)7.A.how BwhereCwhat Dwhen(C)8.A.harmless BhomelessCuseless Dcareless(A)9.A.most BleastCless

26、 Dmore(D)10.A.not long Bnot longerCno long Dno longerC(2019陕西中考)Last summer, we had a volunteer activity in a village school. In the school, I saw a name Feng Aiguo on a list. This man offered much money to the school. I thought he must be a _1_ man.One day, on my way home from school, my bike was b

27、roken. Luckily I found a repairing stand(修车摊) across from the street. An old man was _2_ a bike. He was wearing a clean suit. He looked energetic(精力充沛的). While waiting, I knew _3_ about him from the old men chatting there. He was Lao Feng and _4_ to repair bikes after he retired(退休). Two months ago,

28、 his family moved to a new house. His son didnt want him to repair bikes any longer. He bought him suits and asked him to _5_ them and rest at home. But it didnt work. The old man continued his repairing work in his suits.After a while, the old man got my bike repaired. _6_ I was leaving, an old lad

29、y came and called him “Aiguo”. _7_ the name on the list of the village school came into my mind. But how could such a common repairman _8_ so much money? I asked him if he knew that village. He told me it was his hometown and the _9_ there still needed help. So he always saved money by repairing bik

30、es to help them. Then I was sure that he was the person on the _10_.(A)1.A.rich BpoorChealthy Dunhealthy(D)2.A.selling BwashingCriding Drepairing(B)3.A.everything BsomethingCanything Dnothing(A)4.A.started BfailedCfeared Dremembered(A)5.A.wear BloseCmake Dlend(B)6.A.Unless BWhenCIf DThough(D)7.A.Luc

31、kily BSadlyCUsually DImmediately(A)8.A.give away Bthrow awayCtake back Dgive back(D)9.A.workers BvisitorsCriders Dvillagers(C)10.A.way BmapClist DbookD(2019青海中考改编)A kindergarten teacher decided to have her class play a game. The teacher told each student to bring a plastic bag with a few potatoes in

32、 it to school. Each student would “name” their potatoes after people they did not like. _1_， the number of potatoes would be _2_ depending on how many people each student hated.The next day, with their potatoes, all the students went to school to_3_ the game. Some kids had just one or two potatoes,

33、while others had as many as five or six. The teacher then told the children that they would have to carry their potatoes with _4_ wherever they went for one week. Several days _5_. Some of the students started to complain(抱怨), as their potatoes began to rot(腐烂) and _6_ bad. The students who carried

34、_7_ potatoes began to get unsatisfied with the heavy bags.One week later, the game _8_. The teacher asked，“How did you _9_ carrying around your potatoes for a week？”The students complained once again. The teacher simply smiled and said，“This is what its like to carry hatred(仇恨) in your heart. You ha

35、ve to carry it with you wherever you go. If you cant tolerate (容忍) carrying rotten potatoes for one week, how can you imagine having _10_ in your heart for a whole lifetime? Forgive others and move on with your life.”(C)1.A.However BIn a wordCTherefore DAfter all(A)2.A.different BsimilarCthe same Ds

36、mall(B)3.A.watch Bjoin inCwin Dlose(C)4.A.it BthatCthem Dhim(A)5.A.passed by Bpassed onCwalked by Dwalked on(B)6.A.taste BsmellCsound Dfeel(C)7.A.few BsomeCmore Dany(D)8.A.continued Bwas doneCbegan Dwas over(A)9.A.feel BlookCenjoy Dthink(D)10.A.love BhappinessCfriendship DhateE(2019唐山古冶区二模)At my pri

37、mary school，I was one of the smartest kids there.I never studied after class，but always got near perfect scores on all my _1_I was a child genius(天才)，at least _2_ my mind.I was also _3_ music and sports.I was pretty sure that when I got to the seventh grade，everyone _4_ my teachers would be amazed b

38、y me.But _5_，they werent.When I arrived at my new class，it seemed that there was always someone else who could do _6_ than me.My grades got worse and I needed to actually be studying for my tests.I believed I wasnt smart.I believed I wasnt talented.I believed I _7_Over the next two years，I had to wo

39、rk very hard at everything I did.Grades were still very low but gradually _8_I worked really hard but was still never the best at everything._9_ do I really have to be the best at everything？All the pressure I was feeling，all that embarrassment when I did wrong，that was me！I was being too hard on my

40、self.In fact，when I did badly on a test，my classmates would never _10_ me.No one is perfect.There will probably always be someone better than me at something.I will never be the number one at everything，and its really okay.(B)1.A.roles Btests Cactivities Dreasons(A)2.A.in Bat Cwith Dunder(C)3.A.late

41、 for Btired of Cgood at Dbusy with(B)4.A.inviting Bincluding Cgreeting Dadmiring(D)5.A.probably Bgradually Cmainly Dactually(C)6.A.worse Bless Cbetter Dmore(D)7.A.passed Brelaxed Cmissed Dfailed(A)8.A.improving Bfighting Creporting Dcompleting(A)9.A.But BOr CIf DSo(D)10.A.learn from Bworry about Cwa

42、it for Dlaugh atF(2020预测)Salted fish is a common food that is popular in the south of China.It is chewy(耐嚼的) and adds a salty flavor(味道) to other dishes.But eating_1_ salted fish can give you cancer(癌症)，according to a list of cancercausing foods that was recently published by the China Food and Drug

43、 Administration.Salted fish is produced_2_ a large amount of salt, which later turns into nitrites(亚硝酸盐)When nitrites reach our stomach, they turn into_3_ kind of chemical that_can cause cancer.So does this _4_ we cant eat salted fish anymore? “People dont need to worry too much.Cancer has to _5_ ho

44、w often you eat certain foods and how much of them you eat，”a doctor said._6_ you really like eating salted fish, you can eat a small amount of it once or twice a month.At the same time, you should also eat more fruit and vegetables that are _7_ in Vitamin C, as this can help to prevent the formatio

45、n(形成) of nitrites.In fact, there are many foods that are _8_ to cause cancer, such as pickles(腌菜)，certain fried foods and even red meat, such as pork, lamb and beef.Although these foods can _9_ cause cancer, it doesnt mean a person will get cancer just from eating them.Cancer is caused by many diffe

46、rent factors, such as ones genes, environment, lifestyle and eating _10_As long as one has a balanced diet, one doesnt need to avoid cancercausing foods completely.(B)1.A.too many Btoo muchCmuch too Dmany too(B)2.A.on BwithCbehind Dlike(D)3.A.other BothersCthe other Danother(A)4.A.mean Bpoint Cthink Dbelieve(C)5.A.agree t