初中英语语法现在完成时专项练习(共10页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上现在完成时一、结构：现在完成时由“助动词have (has) + 过去分词”构成。其否定式是在助动词have/has后加not； 一般疑问句是将助动词have/has移至句首。若肯定句中有already，在变成否定句、疑问句时应将其改成yet。 eg. I have already posted the letter. (信已经不在我这儿了) Her friend has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句和疑问句) Her friend _ the photos to him _. (hasnt posted, yet)

2、_ her friend _ the photos to him _?(has, posted, yet)二、用法: 1、表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与一些时间状语,如:already, yet, ever, never, just, before, once, twice等连用,也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语,如these days, today, this year, so far等连用. 1） - Who will go to the airport to meet Jenny? - I will. I _ her several times. I can find

3、her easily. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet (B) 2） Its 7:30. I cant believe you _ cooking dinner yet, Sally. A. havent startedB. didnt start C. dont startD. hasnt started (A)2、表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,一直持续到现在,也许还将继续下去,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用,即for +时间段,since+时间点/从句, in the last ten years等,谓语只可用

4、延续性动词. eg. Mr.Liu has lived here for five years.解析：（一）英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性的,一种是终止性的,终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,或点动词),如begin, start, die, buy, leave, come等,表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中. eg. Ive left Shanghai for three days.()Iv

5、e been away from Shanghai for three days.( ). I left Shanghai three days ago. ( )It is /has been three days since I left Shanghai.( )（二）初中英语课本中常见终止性动词有:leave, go, come, arrive, begin, buy, borrow, die, join, become等.终止性动词要表示持续时, 可用以下方法: 将时间状语改为时间段 + ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时. eg. 我弟弟参军两年了. My brother joined

6、the army two years ago. 若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句, 或用在 how long 句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词. 常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下:open-be open die-be dead close-be closed become-be borrow-keep begin/start-be on put on-wear leave-be away (from)buy-have fall asleep-be asleep end/finish-be over catch a cold-have

7、a cold come/go/arrive/get/reach/move-be in/atjoin the army-be in the army be a soldier join the Party-be in the Party be a Party member My brother has been in the army for two years. My brother has been a soldier for two years. （三）Has been to和been in/at been to去过某地,表示某人的一种经历,可以和once ,twice, already,

8、 ever, never等连用.eg. She has been to Shanghai twice. (表示目前人在这里) hasgone to 去某地了,说话时某人已离开此地,在去某地的途中或已在某地,eg. She has gone to Shanghai。 (表示现在她人不在这里) hasbeen in/at 逗留在某地(已经一段时间).常和for ten days, since I came here等连用.eg. She has been in Shanghai since she moved there. 1. - Hello, this is Lily speaking. Ca

9、n I speak to Mr. Fox? - Sorry. He _ the Long Lake. A. has been to B. went to C. has gone to D. will go to (C) 2. - _ you ever _ to the United States? - Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Have, beenC. Do, goD. Were, going (B)（四）现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时所表明的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响,强调的是现在的情况，不可以和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, in 1991

10、,three days ago last time, last night等连用.一般过去时表明的是过去发生的事实，和现在不发生关系. - Is your father a Party member? - Yes, he _ the Party three years ago. He _ a Party member for three years. A. joined, has beenB. has joined, has been C. was joined, as D. joined, was (A)（五）现在完成时中的 for 与 sincefor + 时间段 与延续性动词的现在完成时

11、连用 since + 时间点/从句I have kept the library book for a week. = I have kept the library book since a week ago. 1) - What a nice bike! How long _ you _ it? - Just two weeks. A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had (D)2) - Do you know Betty very well? - Yes, she and I _friends since we met in

12、 Guangzhou last summer. A. have madeB. have becomeC. have beenD. have turned (C)3) - How long have you _ from the USA? - For two weeks. A. come back B. returnedC. got back D. been back (D)4) Mr Green has lived in China _ five years ago. A. for B. since C. from D. over (B)It is /has been +一段时间 + sinc

13、e 从句：自从某事发生已有一段时间了. eg. It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army. He has been in the army for three years. (改为同义句)_ _ three years _ he _ the army. (It is, since, joined)注意:1）since 引导的从句中动词用过去时2）when 引导 的特殊问句不与现在完成时连用.3）have got, has got 虽然是现在完成时,但have got=have has got=has练习题:1）Its

14、a long time since we _ (meet) last, isnt it?2）-I know you _ (choose) a picture book among these. -Yes. Have a look at it, please.3) So far, spaceships without people _ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe.4) My father_ home for nearly three weeks.A. has gone away fromB .has left C.

15、has been away fromD. went away 5) Mr. and Mrs. Green have _ in China for a week. A. beenB. gotC. arrivedD. reached 6) -Wheres Mary?-Oh, she _the libraryA .has gone toB. went toC. has been toD. had gone to Keys: 1. met 2. have chosen 3. have reached 4. C 5. A 6. D二 、现在完成时与中考试题现在完成时是初中阶段同学们需要掌握的非常重要的语

16、法项目，也是全国各地中考试题中经常出现的考点，下面我们就去看看这样的中考题你能不能做对吧。（一）全国历届中考试题 1They all their money ，so they have to walk home （2001太原）aspend bhad spent chave spent dwill spend 2Jim has made many friends since he to China （2002天津）acame bcomes chas come dwill come 3Do you know him well？ （2002河北）SureWe friends since ten y

17、ears ago awere bhave been chave become dhave made 4Both his parents look sadMaybe they whats happened to him（2002呼和）aknew bhave known cmust know dwill know） 5Hurry up！The play for ten minutes （2002辽宁）ahas begun bhad begun chas been on dbegan 6The 2002 World Cup Soccer Match for over 20 days since Ma

18、y 31st（2002吉林） ahas begun blasted cbegan dhas lasted 7 you the film yet？ （2002南通）Yes，I it last Saturday a. Willsee，saw b. Didsee，saw c. Haveseen，have seen dHaveseen，saw 8Have you ever Wuzhen and Taohua Island？ （2002浙江）No，neverBut Im going to Wuzhen or Taohua Island this summer abeen in bgone in cbee

19、n to dgone to 9What did MrJones do before he moved here？ （2002安徽）He a city bus for over twenty-five years ais driving bdrove chas driven ddrives 10Dick isnt hereHe the cinema （2002福州）ahas gone to bhas gone with chas been away dhas been to 11I wont go to see the film tonight， because I my ticket（2002

20、河南） alost b. have lost cwill lost ddidnt have 12Where is Miss Gao，Lily？ （2002黄岗） She to the teachers room ahas been bhas gone cwent dwould go 13What is the weather like this summer here？ （2002广州）There very little rain ahas bhas been care dhave been 14Has John come ？ （2002海南）YesHe has been here for 1

21、0minutes ayet，already balready，yet calready，still dyet，yet 15 has Uncle Wang worked in this factory？ （2002广西） Since 1991 aHow soon bHow long cHow often dHow far (二）深圳市历届中考试题1. Great changes _ in our country in the last ten years. (92年) A. have been taken place B. has taken placeC. have taken the pla

22、ce D. have taken place2. She has worked in Shenzhen _. (93年) A. in 1990 B. after 1990 C. since 1990 D. for 19903. The doctor _ to Beijing twice. (97年) A. has gone B. has been C. went D. goes4. How long have you _ a soldier? Twenty years. (98年) A. been B. become C. got D. became5. Kate, have you seen

23、 Bob these days? Yes. I saw him yesterday. We _ each other for a few days. (04年) A. havent seen B. didnt see C. hadnt seen D. often saw6. Where is John? He _ to the teachers office. (04年) A. has been B. has gone C. goes D. went7. Have you _ your ticket, sir? No, Im still _ it. (05年) A. found, findin

24、g B. looked for, looking for C. found, looking for D. looked for, finding8. How long have you lived _ Shenzhen? _ ten years. (06年) A. in, For B. in, Since C. at, For D. on, Since9. Where is Sally? She _ to Hong Kong. She _ yesterday. (06年) A. what, left B. has gone, left C. has been, has left D. has

25、 left, went10. Would you like _ some coffee? No, thanks. I _ some. (07年) A. have, already have B. had, just had C. having, have yet had D. to have, have already had现在完成时专项练习（一）（一）单项选择1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him. （呼和浩特2003）. knew . have known . must know .will know

26、2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ？（重庆2002）. already .never .ever . still3、Have you met Mr Li _？（四川2002）. just . ago .before . a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year （福建2003）. is writing .was writing .wrote .has written5、Our country _ a lot so far （河南2003）.Yes. I hope

27、 it will be even _. has changed; well . changed; good . as changed; better . changed; better6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years（湖北2001） . was ; studying . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl （江西2004）. know . had known . have known . kn

28、ew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice（新疆2001） . will see . have seen . saw .see9、These farmers have been to the United States（黑龙江2003） . Really? When _ there?. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet ?（厦门2001） Yes. I _ it a moment ago. Did ; d

29、o ; finished . Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978（湖南2002） . joined . has joined . was in . has been in12、Do you know him well ?（江苏2001） Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made13、How

30、 long have you _ here ?（浙江2001） About two months. been . gone . come . arrived14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes（甘肃2003） . has begun . had begun. has been on . began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army .（佳木斯2002）. is . has . will . was16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . She_ to the library

31、.has gone . went .will go . has been17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years .（石家庄2001）. have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?（衡阳2003） A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they19、 has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since

32、he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、His uncle for more than 9 years.（咸阳2001）A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university（二）句型转换1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)

33、have they been here?3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party t

34、hree years _ .7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) （三）汉译英。1. 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。_2. 他昨天收到一封信。 _3. 我父亲以前到过长城。 _ 4. 她还没有看过那部新电影。 _5. 她去过上海。 _ 6. 他这些天上哪儿去了？ _现在完成时专项练习（

35、二 ）I、用括号中动词的适当形式填空1. _she _ (wait) for an hour yet?2. He_(not finish) the work yet.3. Li Ming _(know) him since then.4. I _(receive) a letter from my brother recently.5. We _ (be) there many times.6. How long _ you _ (learn) English?7. Wang Ming _ (not read) the book yet.8. -He _ (live) in this city

36、 since he _ (leave) his hometown. -When did he _ (leave) there?-He _ (leave) there three years ago.9. -His father _ (be) in the Party for years. -When _ he _ (join) the Party?-He _ (join) the Party in 1996.10.- It _ (rain) for such a long time!- When _ it _ (rain)? -It _ (rain) 3 hours ago.11. I alr

37、eady (see) the film. I (see) it last week.12. he (finish) his work today?-Not yet.13. you (be) to Hong Kong? Yes, I (be) there twice.14. you ever (eat) chocolate sundaes（圣代）? No, never.15.My father just (come) back from work. He is tired now.16. Wheres Li Ming? He _ (go) to the teachers office.17. Shanghai (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it (become) a large city.18. I (work) here since I (move) here in 1999.19. So far I _ (make) quite a few friends here.20. How long the Wangs (stay) here ? For two weeks.II、句型转换 (每空一词) 1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句)I been to Ma