高三英语阅读理解指导之.ppt

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1、高三英语阅读理解指导高三英语阅读理解指导之一之一体裁体裁主要有主要有记叙文记叙文议论文议论文说明文说明文应用文应用文题材主要有题材主要有-科普科普经济经济文化文化社会社会历史历史地理地理自然自然环境环境能源能源题型特点题型特点猜测词义猜测词义主旨大意主旨大意事实细节事实细节推理判断推理判断1.Amosquitoisasmallflyingpestthatthrusttheskinandthendrinkblood.2.Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:ReadersDigest,TheWorldofEnglish,orEnglishLearning.3.Weareon

2、thenightshift-frommidnightto8a.m.-thisweek.一一.定义或解释说定义或解释说明明定义或解释说明常由定语从句，破折号定义或解释说明常由定语从句，破折号/冒号来表冒号来表示或示或is，becalled，thatis(tosay),inotherwords，beknownas,bedefinedas等词汇。等词汇。蚊子杂志夜班1.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplumpasmother,andmuchshorter.2.The football player was pe

3、nalized for hisrudenessandthepunishmentwasagoodlessonforhim.3.Inmanynationstherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenurytogreatwealth.肥胖肥胖非常贫穷非常贫穷惩罚二二.根据同义词，反义词关系根据同义词，反义词关系1.ThoughTomsfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.2.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,i

4、sverythrifty.肮脏的肮脏的节约的节约的三三.对比对比/转折关系转折关系表转折关系的词常有表转折关系的词常有如如though,however,but,while,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,otherwise,onthecontrary等。等。1.Rubbercanbemadetostretchmorethanninetimesitsnormallengthbecauseitisveryelastic.2.Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow.有弹

5、性的有弹性的浑浊的浑浊的四四.因果关系因果关系常用关联词常用关联词(如如because，sothat,suchthatsothat,suchthatas，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，so,so,therefore等等)表示前因后果。表示前因后果。His anti-slavery policy had set millions ofblack free and his strength and wisdom hadguidedthenationthroughthewartopeaceandreunion.五五.根据构词法根据构词法构词法构词法派生词（前缀派生词（前缀/

6、后缀）后缀）合成词合成词转化转化Scientistsarestudyinghowbirds,forexample,ternsmigrate.Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,suchaswashing-machines,fridgesandcolorTVs.3.Firstofalltheingredientssuchasflour,sugar,fatandwater,areputintoamixingmachine.Themixturecomesoutofthemixingmachineintheformofdoug

7、h(面团面团)。一种鸟（燕鸥）电器通过一些例子说明生词的词义，通过一些例子说明生词的词义，用用suchas,forexample,like,forinstance等来引出。等来引出。六.举例法原料Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthesia tomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,you

8、willwatcha ripplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.麻药麻药波纹波纹七七.生活常识生活常识1.WhenAndreaPetersonlandedherfirstteachingjob,shefacedthedauntingtaskofcreatingamusicprogramwithalmostnomoneyforequipmentorsuppliesinaclimatewherestandards-basedlearningwasthefocusandmusicjustprovidedabreakforstudentsandteachers.2.

9、Intrigued,SaundersreadallhecouldaboutArcticexplorersandNorthPoleexpeditions,thendecidedthatthiswouldbehisfuture.八八.根据上下文线索根据上下文线索生活生活常识常识上下文上下文对比对比转折转折因果因果关系关系举例举例同义词同义词反义词反义词构词法构词法定义定义猜猜How to guess the meaning of words?2005全国一2005全国三2006全国一2006全国二2007全国一推理判断97677高考推理判断全国卷题量推断题常见的设问形式推断题常见的设问形式:1.T

10、hewritersattitudetowardis_.2.2.Thepurposeinwritingthistextisto_.3.3.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethat_.4.4.Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom_.5.5.Whichofthefollowingistrueorfalse?6.6.Choosetherightorderofthefollowingeventsin_.7.1.Overtheyears,insurancecompanieshaveofferednewkindsofinsuranceprotectio

11、n.Thenewkindsofinsurancecoverlossesfromaccidentsascarandphonecrashes(坠毁).Today,mostpeoplehavesomekindofinsurance.2.2.ArmstrongwontheTourdeFrancein1999.Sincethenhehaswoniteveryyear-takingthecrownforthesixthtimelastmonthandenteringtherecordbooksasthefirstmantoachievesuchafeat.一.细节判断Britishnewspaperare

12、muchsmallerthantheyusedtobeandtheirreadersareofteninahurry,sonewspapermanwriteasfewwordsaspossible.Theytelltheirreadersatoncewhathappened,where,whenandhowmanypeoplewerekilled,whatdamagewasdoneandsoon.Becausehecanuseonlyafewwords,thenewspapersmustchoosethosewordscarefully,everyonemustbeeffective.Inst

13、eadof“hecalledoutinaloudvoice”，hewrites,“heshouted”.Becausemanyofthereadersarentveryclever,andmostofthemareinahurry二.因果推断Anotherwayisenergyconservation(节能),whichmeansusingenergymoreefficiently(有效的).Insomeverycoldcountriespeoplebuildspecialhousestosaveenergy.Theyplacematerialsbetweentheinsideandtheou

14、tsideofthewallsofthehousetokeepthecoldoutandthewarmthin.Thehouseisheatedbythelights,thebodyheatofthepeopleandtheotherequipmentinit.三.文章结构MoreandcleverercomputerswillcontinuetoappearTheywillrunfaster，havemorefunctionsandworkmuchmoreskillfullyTheywilltakeovermoretasksfromus，helpingtochangethefaceofour

15、worldSomepeopleeventhinkthatsoonerorlatercomputerswillreplaceusHowever四四.转折转折/对比对比1.Artisnowtogetherwithmypianoplayingandreading.Thereisatimeforeverythinginmyworld,anditiswonderfultohavesometimedoingwhatIwanttodo.AsConfuciusoncesaid,“AtseventyIcanfollowmyheartsdesire.”2.Whyisntyournewspaperreportinganygoodnews？AllIreadaboutismurder，bribery（行贿），anddeathFrankly，Imsickofallthisbadnews五.根据提示词推理判断解题方法细节判断因果推断文章结构转折/对比根据提示词常识Thank you very much.Thank you very much.