2020年北京卷英语高考试题文档版(含答案).pdf

《2020年北京卷英语高考试题文档版(含答案).pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2020年北京卷英语高考试题文档版(含答案).pdf（13页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、绝密本科目考试启用前20202020 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语英语本试卷共 12 页，共 120 分。考试时长 100 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上， 在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，第一部分：知识运用（共两节，4545 分）分）第一节语法填空（共第一节语法填空（共 1010 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，共分，共 1515 分）分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOli

2、ver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food1(play) a big role in his life.My mum was a great cook, and shed sometimes let me have a try, he said. The first dish Oliverprepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mums help. Oliver says ifyoure2(luck) enough to have s

3、omeone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them3you can join in when its possible.BSingle-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they4(throw) away. Ittakes them hundreds of years5(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean wherelarger ones can trop sea creatures, such as turt

4、les and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart6countless tiny pieces, and fish cam accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of7(country)and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.CA piece of stone8(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human rel

5、atives,known as Neanderthals,were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals9（live）alongside humanancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. Theywere much stronger than modern humans, but its long been assumed that human ancestors were10（sma

6、rt）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggestsotherwise.第二节完形填空（共第二节完形填空（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，共分，共 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 4、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My faith in human nature has never been so great as it was last weekend after our familyget-togeth

7、er in the town of Vail.On Saturday, we all went to the market right in the middle of the town. Near the end, we all11at the fountain near the bridge, and the kids waded （蹚水）around in the fountain until we12This is one of the busiest walking streets.After we returned to the hotel late in the afternoo

8、n, my 7-year-old son Ponder13thatnowhere could he find his backpack, which14his Gameboy and his watch. After a thorough15we determined that he must have left it at the fountain.Ponder has never16anything. So we just take for granted that he needs no supervision（指导）for managing his17.He was upset, no

9、t about the Gameboy, but about the watch. But Dad, he said, throughmassive18. they dont make that kind of watch anymore. We were all very19.Our dinner reservation was at a restaurant just on the other side of the bridge, so I20him that we would not only search the area around the fountain when we we

10、nt back for dinner, butwe would also find the police and ask them if the backpack had been21.As we exited from the parking garage, we could see the fountain as we walked down the longstaircase. I saw something black22there, but it was right next to a woman standing by thefountain, so I could not23wh

11、at it was or if it was hers.See it, Dad? Ponder shouted. Dont get too24because that may not be it, I said.But that was it. It had been five or six hours since we left the fountain, and it was25there.There was no ID in it, and it looked like someone had looked through it and then set it right outwher

12、e all could26it.I literally27when we reached it and it was his！ Everyone in our party was blown awayby this miracle（奇迹）. In my wildest28. I would never have imagined that this couldhappen nowadays.1What a charmed life, eh? I believe this was a perfect29for a child in losing somethingimportantto lose

13、 it and feel the full30of that loss, and then to miraculously get it back.（）11. A. droveB. hikedC. metD. united（）12. A. landedB. leftC. settledD. slept（）13. A. respondedB. recognizedC. realisedD. recalled（）14. A. containedB. combinedC. comprisedD. covered（）15. A. preparationB. checkupC. revisionD. s

14、earch（）16. A. wastedB. lostC. soughD. deserted（）17. A. emotionB. timeC. moneyD. stuff（）18. A. tearsB. fistsC. reliefsD.outbreaks（）19. A. hesitantB. curiousC. sadD. eager（）20. A. promisedB. informedC. warnedD. taught（）21. A. worn outB. caught upC. put avaD. turned in（）22. A. hidingB. sittingC. swingi

15、ngD. flowing（）23. A. assessB. declareC. tellD. predict（）24. A. excitedB. puzzledC. relaxedD. amused（）25. A. alreadyB. evenC. almostD. still（）26. A. takeB. seeC. touchD. protect（）27. A. panickedB. explodedC. collapsedD. cried（）28. A. dreamsB. claimsC. effortsD.passions（）29. A. modeB. lessonC. optionD

16、. plot（）30. A. rangeB. pressureC. weightD.harvest第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，4040 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，共分，共 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1ALancom is a worldwide language learning app and a leader in the online language learningindustry with millions of ac

17、tive subscribers. We house a broad range of experts united by thecommon goal of creating the best language learning tools possible. With advice from A Ispecialists, art designers and culture researchers, our multi-language experts endow（赋予）Lancom with an enormous potential for innovation within the

18、world of language leaning. Ourcourses, totalling 20,000 hours of content in 20 different languages, guarantee you language skillsyou can use right away.At the core of Lancom is a world-class effective method that enhances language leaning withadvanced technology.Examples and dialogues are recorded w

19、ith real native speakers instead of automaticcomputers. Lancom trains your brain to learn efficiently, so you absorb more information while inthe app and continue leaning outside of it. The app makes our practical language lessons availablewherever and whenever. We work directly for our leaners, not

20、 for any third party. And its allsupported by an efficient customer service team, available through telephone, email and onlinechat.Millions of learners have their own stories and their own reasons for learning a new language.Lancom cares about you and addresses your individual learning type. Lancom

21、 is the only productto offer courses tailored to your native language, building on grammar and words you alreadyknow. Our content is about real-life topics that are relevant because we know what matters to youis what sticks best. You will, find it very rewarding to learn with Lancom.Choose Your Subs

22、cription and Get Started1 month$12.95/m3 months$8.95/m6 months$7.45/m12 months$6.95/mBuy with confidence: 21-day money back guarantee! If you arent satisfied, just write toCustomer Service within 21 days.Contact & Support: 31. Who can provide Lancom with a huge potential for innovation in learning?

23、（）A. Culture researchers.B. AI specialists.1C. Language experts.D. Art designers.32. What lies at the core of the Lancom app? （）A. A flexible system.B. An effective method.C. The brain-training technique.D. The informative content.33. Lancom claims that it is unique in its _.（）A. personalised course

24、sB. multiple languagesC. pricing policyD. service teamBBaggy has become the first dog in the UKand potentially the worldto join the fightagainst air pollution by recording pollutant levels near the ground.Baggy wears a pollution monitor on her collar so she can take data measurements close to thegro

25、und. Her monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level, whichhas helped highlight concerns that babies and young kids may be at higher risk of developing lungproblems.Conventional air pollution monitors are normally fixed on lampposts at about nine feet in theair. How

26、ever, since Baggy stands at about the same height as a child in a pushchair （婴儿车） , shefrequently records pollution levels which are much higher than the data gathered by theEnvironment A gency.The doggy data research was the idea of Baggys 13-vea-old owner Tom Hunt and his dadMatt. The English youn

27、gster noticed that pollution levels are around two-thirds higher close to theground than they are in the air at the height where they are recorded by the agency. Tom has sincereported the shocking findings to the government in an attempt to emphasise that babies are athigher risk of developing asthm

28、a（哮喘）.Matt Hunt said he was very proud of his son because “ when the boy gets an idea, he keeps1his head down and gets on with it, and he really does want to do some good and stop young kidsfrom getting asthma.“Tom built up a passion for environmental protection at a very early age, Matt added.“Hebe

29、came very interested in gadgets（小装置）. A bout one year ago, he got this new piece of techwhich is like a test tube. One Sunday afternoon, we went out to do some monitoring, and he said,why dont we put it on Baggys collar and let her monitor the pollution？So we did it.Tom said, Most of the time, Baggy

30、 is just like any other dog. But for the rest of the time sheis a super dog, and we are all really proud of her.34. With a monitor on her collar, Baggy can _. （）A. take pollutant readingsB. record pollutant levelsC. process collected dataD. reduce air pollution35. What can we learn from the Baggy da

31、ta? （）A. High places are free of air pollution.B. Higher pushchairs are more risky for kids.C. Conventional monitors are more reliable.D. Air is more polluted closer to the ground.36. What is Toms purpose of doing the research? （）A. To wan of a health risk.B. To find out pollution sources.C. To test

32、 his new monitor.D. To prove Baggys abilities.37. According to the passage, which word can best describe Tom Hunt? （）A. Modest.B. Generous.C. Creative.D. Outgoing.CFor the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creatinglong-forgotten techniques. While doing r

33、esearch for her new book, she came across a 16th-centuryFrench manuscript（手稿）consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects fromtool making to finding the best sand.The authors intention remains as mysterious（神秘）as his name; he may have been simplytaking notes for his own records

34、. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didnt trulygrasp any of the skills the author described. You simply cant get an understanding of thathandwork by reading about it, she says.Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isnt1just about playing a

35、round with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen （工匠） wholived centuries ago can reveal how theyviewed the world, what objects filled theirhomes, andwhat went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems:In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th

36、-century English medicine for eve problems could kill adrug-resistant virus.The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how on objectwas made in order to preserve it. Whatsmore, reconstructions might be the onlyway to knowwhat treasures looked like before time wore them

37、 down. Scholars have seen this idea in practicewith ancient Greek and Roman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of strikingcolours. We cant appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originallyappeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a r

38、oad map.Smith has put the manuscripts ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of artand science back together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop akind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving.Back when sciencethen

39、called “the new philosophy”took shape, academics looked tocraftsmen for help in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were inventedby way of artistic tinkering（修补）, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light.If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience

40、and craftwork, Smith says,we canmarry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors.38. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript? （）A. Confused about the technical terms.B. Impressed with its detailed instructions.C. Discouraged by its complex structure.D. Shocke

41、d for her own lack of hand skills.39. According to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to _. （）A. restore old workshopsB. understand the craftsmenC. improve visual effectsD. inspire the philosophers40. Why does the author mention museums? （）A. To reveal the beauty of ancient objects.1B. To

42、 present the findings of old science.C. To highlight the importance of antiques.D. To emphasise the values of hand skills.41. Which would be the best title for this passage? （）A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for ArtistsB. Craftsmanship Leads to New TheoriesC. Craftsmanship Makes Better ScientistsD. Craf

43、tsmen Reshape the Future of ScienceDCertain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms（算法）carryout huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on citystreets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These syst

44、ems aresometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for thespecific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some A Idevelopers are now eager to change.Some of todays AI pioneers want to move on from todays world of “weak” or “na

45、rrow” AI,to create “strong” or “full” AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence （A GI）. Insome respects, todays powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. A GIcould, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, couldsuggest

46、 solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the development of A GI, has anambition to “solve intelligence”. “If were successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believethis will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”Since the early days of A

47、I, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of anultra-intelligent machinethat can far surpass all the intellectual （智力的） activities of any man,however clever. Good went on to suggest that “the

48、 first ultra-intelligent machine could be “thelast invention that man need ever make.Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made intelligent machines have beenreinforced （强化） by many works of fictionMary Shelleys Frankenstein and the Terminator film1series, for example. But if AI does even

49、tually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at thehands of human-shaped forms like these, with recognisably human motivations such as aggression（敌对行为）. Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believesthat the heaviest risks from A GI do not come from a decisio

50、n to turn against mankind but ratherfrom a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else.The promise and danger of true A GI are great. But all of todays excited discussion aboutthese possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, havingspok