(完整word版)2004年考研英语真题及答案详解_(含答案_译文_词汇讲解)(2),推荐文档.pdf

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1、2004年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of English Directions：Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency(crimes committed by young people)focus either on the individ

2、ual or on society as the major contributing influence.Theories 1 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 2 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 3 with others.Theories focusing on the role of society

3、 suggest that children commit crimes in 4 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status,5 as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,_ 6 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes.The

4、latter may commit crimes 7 lack of adequate parental control.All theories,however,are tentative and are 8 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 9 juvenile crime rates.For example,changes in the economy that 10 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11 make

5、 gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain.The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 13 changes these years.More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents;14，children are likely to have less supervision at home 15 w

6、as common in the traditional family 16.This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates.Other _17_ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school,the increased _ 18 _ of drugs and alcohol,and the growing 19 of child abuse and child neglect.Al

7、l these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act,20 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.1.A acting B relying C centering D commenting 2.A before B unless C until D because 3.A interaction B assimilation C cooperation D consultation 4.A re

8、turn B reply C reference D response 5.A or B but rather C but D or else 6.A considering B ignoring C highlighting D discarding 7.A on B in C for D with 8.A immune B resistant C sensitive D subject 9.A affect B reduce C chock D reflect 10.A point B lead C come D amount 11.A in general B on average C

9、by contrast D at length 12.A case B short C turn D essence 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 1 页，共 39 页 -13.A survived B noticed C undertaken D experienced 14.A contrarily B consequently C similarly D simultaneously 15.A than B that C which D as 16.A system B structure C concept D heritage 17.A assessable B ide

10、ntifiable C negligible D incredible 18.A expense B restriction C allocation D availability 19.A incidence B awareness C exposure D popularity 20.A provided B since C although D supposing Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each

11、text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1 Hunting for a job late last year,lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder,a job database on the Internet.He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site s“personal search agent”.Its an interactive

12、feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location,title,and salary,then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database.Redmon chose the keywords legal,intellectual property and Washington,D.C.Three weeks later,he got his first notific ation of an opening.“I struck gold

13、,”says Redmon,who E-mailed his resume to the employer and won a position as in-house counsel for a company.With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet,finding promising openings can he time-consuming and inefficient.Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases.But al

14、though a search agent worked for Redmon,career experts see drawbacks.Narrowing your criteria,for example,may work against you:“Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility,”says one expert.For any job search,you should start with a narrow conceptwhat you think you want to dothen broa

15、den it.“None of these programs do that,”says another expert.“There s no career counseling implicit in all of this.”Instead,the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database;when you get E-mail,consider it a reminder to check the database

16、again.“I would not rely on agents for finding everything that is added to a database that might interest me,”says the author of a job-searching guide.Some sites design their agents to tempt job hunters to return.When CareerSite s agent sends out messages to those who have signed up for its service,f

17、or example,it includes only three potential jobs those it considers the best matches.There may be more matches in the database;job hunters will have to visit the site again to find them and they do.“On the day after we send our messages,we see a sharp increase in our traffic,”says Seth Peets,vice pr

18、esident of marketing for CareerSite.Even those who arent hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile.Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 2 页，共 39 页 -文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文

19、档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7

20、文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F

21、7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10

22、F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X1

23、0F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X

24、10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5

25、X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7文档编码:CT6E4E5L4T8 HU1E10S1K8E2 ZS5C10J5X10F7arm themselves when negotiating for a raise.Although happily employed,Redmon mai

26、ntains his agent at CareerBuilder.“You always keep your eyes open,”he says.Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.21.How did Redmon find his job?A By searching openings in a job database.B By posting a matching position in a database.C By using a sp

27、ecial service of a database.D By E-mailing his resume to a database.22.Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?A Lack of counseling.B Limited number of visits.C Lower efficiency.D Fewer successful matches.23.The expression“tip service”(Line 4,Paragraph 3)most probably means.A a

28、dvisory.B compensation.C interaction.D reminder.24.Why does CareerSites agent offer each job hunter only three job options?A To focus on better job matches.B To attract more returning visits.C To reserve space for more messages.D To increase the rate of success.25.Which of the following is true acco

29、rding to the text?A Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.B Some sites keep E-mailing job seekers to trace their demands.C Personal search agents are also helpful to those already employed.D Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.Text 2 Over the past

30、century,all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal.But one insidious form continues to thrive:alphabetism.This,for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage,refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphab

31、et.It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories.Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zo?Zysman.English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet

32、.Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively;and 26 of George Bushs predecessors(including his father)had surnames in the first half of the alphabet

33、against just 16 in the second half.Even more striking,six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged(Berlusconi,Blair,Bush,Chirac,Chrtien and Koizumi).The worlds three top central bankers(Greenspan,Duisenberg and Hayami)are all close to the top of the alp

34、habet,even if one of them really uses Japanese characters.As are the worlds five richest men(Gates,Buffett,Allen,Ellison and Albrecht).精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 3 页，共 39 页 -文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S

35、7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3

36、N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10

37、O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 H

38、I10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z

39、2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编

40、码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3

41、H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7Can this merely be coincidence?One theory,dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged,i

42、s that the rot sets in early.At the start of the first year in infant school,teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front,to make it easier to remember their names.So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row,and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive t

43、eachers.At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape.Yet the result may be worse qualifications,because they get less individual attention,as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues.At university graduation ceremonies,the ABCs pro

44、udly get their awards first;by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ.Shortlists for job interviews,election ballot papers,lists of conference speakers and attendees:all tend to be drawn up alphabetically,and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.

45、26.What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?A A kind of overlooked inequality.B A type of conspicuous bias.C A type of personal prejudice.D A kind of brand discrimination.27.What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?A In both East and West,names are essential

46、to success.B The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zo?Zysman.C Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies names.D Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.28.The 4th paragraph suggests that.A questions are often put to the more intelligent students B alphabetically disad

47、vantaged students often escape from class C teachers should pay attention to all of their students D students should be seated according to their eyesight 29.What does the author mean by“most people are literally having aZZZ”(Lines 2-3,Paragraph 5)?A They are getting impatient.B They are noisily doz

48、ing off.C They are feeling humiliated.D They are busy with word puzzles.30.Which of the following is true according to the text?A People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated.B VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.C The campaign to eliminate alphabetism st

49、ill has a long way to go.D Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.Text 3 When it comes to the slowing economy,Ellen Spero isnt biting her nails just yet.But the 47-year-old manicurist isnt cutting,filing or polishing as many nails as shed like to,either.Most of her clients spen

50、d$12 to$50 weekly,but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 4 页，共 39 页 -文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5 HI10Q4D10O3G2 ZC3N7Z3H10S7文档编码:CX3W1Z2O10N5