(完整word版)高等数学(上)重要知识点归纳(word文档良心出品).pdf
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1、1 高等数学(上)重要知识点归纳(粗体带下划线是重中之重,必须掌握)第一章 函数的极限与连续一、极限的定义与性质1、定义(了解)2、性质(1)()()(lim0 xAxfAxfxx,其中)(x为0 xx时的无穷小。(2)(唯一性)若Axfxx)(lim0,Bxfxx)(lim0,则BA。(3)无穷小乘以有界函数仍为无穷小。二、求极限的主要方法与工具1、两个重要极限公式(1)1sinlim0(2)e)11(lim2、两个准则(了解即可)(1)夹逼准则(2)单调有界准则3、等价无穷小替换法常用替换:当0时(1)sin(2)tan(3)arcsin(4)arctan(5))1ln((6)1e(7)2
2、21cos1(8)nn114、分子或分母有理化法5、分解因式法6、用定积分定义三、无穷小阶的比较高阶、同阶、等价2 四、连续与间断点的分类1、连续的定义(函数在某点连续的证明))(xf在a点连续)()()()()(lim0lim0afafafafxfyaxx2、间断点的分类其他震荡型(来回波动)无穷型(极限为无穷大第二类但不相等)跳跃型(左右极限存在可去型(极限存在)第一类五、闭区间连续函数性质1、最大值与最小值定理2、介值定理和 零点定理文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C
3、9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1
4、文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:C
5、P2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1
6、Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10
7、HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B
8、5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1
9、ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K13 第二章 导数与微分一、导数的概念1、导数的定义axafxfxafxafxydxdyafyaxxxaxax)()(lim)()(limlim|)(|002、左右导数左导数axafxfxyafaxx)()(limlim)(0右导数axafxfxyafaxx)()(limlim)(03、导数的几何意义kafaxfyax处的切
10、线斜率在点(等于曲线)(,)(|4、导数的物理意义加速度)速度)则若运动方程:()()()(,)()()(tatvtstvtstss5、可导与连续的关系:连续,反之不然。可导二、导数的运算1、四则运算vuvu)(vuvuuv)(2)(vvuvuvu2、复合函数求导(链式法则)设)(xfy,一定条件下xuuydxdududydxdy3、反函数求导设)()(1yfxxfy和互为反函数,一定条件下:yxxy14、求导基本公式(要熟记)见 P60-61文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R
11、9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10
12、K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码
13、:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6
14、W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P1
15、0 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V
16、6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H
17、1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K14 5、隐函数求导方法:在0),(yxF两端同时对x求导,其中要注意到:y是中间变量,然后再解出y6、对数求导法则主要用于:幂指函数求导数多个函数连乘除或开方求导数方法:先对函数式两边取对数,再用隐函数求导法得到y7、参 数 方 程 确 定 函 数 的 求 导)()(tyytxx设,一 定 条 件 下3)()(,ttt
18、ttttttxxttxxxyxyxxydxydyxydxdyy(可以不记公式,理解做题)8、常用的高阶导数公式(1).)2,1,0(),2sin(sin)(nnxxn(2).)2,1,0(),2cos(cos)(nnxxn三、微分的概念与运算1、微分定义若)(xoxAy,则)(xfy可微,记AdxxAdy2、公式:dxxfxxfdy)()(3、可微与可导的关系两者等价4、近似计算当较小时,|xdyy,xxfxxfxf)()()(文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1
19、文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:C
20、P2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1
21、Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10
22、HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B
23、5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1
24、ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C
25、9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K1文档编码:CP2W6W1Z9P10 HS6V6B5S3H1 ZU5R9C9T10K15 第三章 微分中值定理和导数的应用一、微分中值定理1、拉格朗日中值定理)()()()()()(),abfafbfabafbffba使得:(当加上条件)()(bfaf则演变成:2、罗尔定理0)(),fba使得:(二、罗比达法则记住:法则仅能对,00型直接用,对于,0,1,000转化后用.幂指函数恒等式fggefln三、单调性判别1、,
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