(完整word版)chapter6pragmatics.pdf

《(完整word版)chapter6pragmatics.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《(完整word版)chapter6pragmatics.pdf（12页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、 Chapter 6：Pragmatics I.Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False:1.Both semantics and pragmatics study how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication 2.Pragmatics treats the meaning of language as something intrinsic and inherent.3.It would be imp

2、ossible to give an adequate description of meaning if the context of language use was left unconsidered.4.What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considered.5.The major difference between a sentence and an utterance is that a s

3、entence is not uttered while an utterance is.6.The meaning of a sentence is abstract,but context-dependent.7.The meaning of an utterance is decontexualized,therefore stable.8.Utterances always take the form of complete sentences 9.Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher John Se

4、arle.10.Speech act theory started in the late 50s of the 20th century.11.Austin made the distinction between a constative and a performative.12.Perlocutionary act is the act of expressing the speakers intention.II.Fill in each blank below with one word which begins with the letter given:13.P_ is the

5、 study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication.14.What essentially distinguishes s_ and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considered.15.The notion of c_ is essential to the pragmatic study of language.精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 1 页，

6、共 12 页 -16.If we think of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of communication,it becomes an u_.17.The meaning of a sentence is a_,and decontextualized.18.C_ were statements that either state or describe,and were thus verifiable.19.P_ were sentences that did not state a fact or de

7、scribe a state,and were not verifiable.20.A l_ act is the act of uttering words,phrases,clauses.It is the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax,lexicon and phonology.21.An i_ act is the act of expressing the speakers intention;it is the act performed in saying something.22.A c_ is comm

8、it the speaker himself to some future course of action.23.An e_ is to express feelings or attitude towards an existing state.24.There are four maxims under the cooperative principle:the maxim of q_,the maxim of quality,the maxim of relation and the maxim of manner.III.There are four choices followin

9、g each statement.Mark the choice that can best complete the statement:25._ does not study meaning in isolation,but in context.A.Pragmatics B.Semantics C.Sense relation D.Concept 26.The meaning of language was considered as something _ in traditional semantics.A.contextual B.behaviouristic C.intrinsi

10、c D.logical 27.What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning _ is considered.精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 2 页，共 12 页 -文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3

11、D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码

12、:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3

13、D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码

14、:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3

15、D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码

16、:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3A.reference B.speech act

17、 C.practical usage D.context 28.A sentence is a _ concept,and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in isolation.A.pragmatic B.grammatical C.mental D.conceptual 29.If we think of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of communication,it becomes a(n)_.A.constative B.directive C.

18、utterance D.expressive 30.Which of the following is true?A.Utterances usually do not take the form of sentences.B.Some utterances cannot be restored to complete sentences.C.No utterances can take the form of sentences.D.All utterances can be restored to complete sentences.31.Speech act theory did no

19、t come into being until _.A.in the late 50s of the 20the century B.in the early 1950s C.in the late 1960s D.in the early 21st century.32._ is the act performed by or resulting from saying something;it is the consequence of,or the change brought about by the utterance.A.A locutionary act B.An illocut

20、ionary act 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 3 页，共 12 页 -文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A

21、7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F

22、2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A

23、7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F

24、2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A

25、7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F

26、2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3C.A perlocutionary act D.A performative act 33.According to Searle,the illocutionary point of the representative is _.A.to get the hear

27、er to do something B.to commit the speaker to somethings being the case C.to commit the speaker to some future course of action D.to express the feelings or attitude towards an existing state of affairs.34.All the acts that belong to the same category share the same purpose,but they differ _.A.in th

28、eir illocutionary actsB.in their intentions expressed C.in their strength or force D.in their effect brought about 35._ is advanced by Paul Grice A.Cooperative Principle B.Politeness Principle C.The General Principle of Universal Grammar D.Adjacency Principle 36.When any of the maxims under the coop

29、erative principle is flouted,_ might arise.A.impoliteness B.contradictions C.mutual understanding D.conversational implicatures IV.Define the terms below:37.pragmatics 38.context 39.utterance meaning 40.sentence meaning 41.constative 42.performative 43.locutionary act 44.illocutionary act 45.perlocu

30、tionary act 46.Cooperative Principle 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 4 页，共 12 页 -文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4

31、ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J

32、8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4

33、ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J

34、8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4

35、ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J

36、8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3V.Answer the following questions as comprehensively as possible.Give examples for illustration if necessary:4

37、7.How are semantics and pragmatics different from each other?48.How does a sentence differ from an utterance?49.How does a sentence meaning differ from an utterance meaning?50.Discuss in detail the locutionary act,illocutionary act and perlocutionary act.51.Searle classified illocutionary act into f

38、ive categories.Discuss each of them in detail with examples.52.What are the four maxims under the cooperative principle?53.How does the flouting of the maxims give rise to conversational implicatures?54.Which of the Conversational Maxims is beig violated in the following conversation.A:Is he a good

39、teacher?B:He is a very handsome bachelor.55.What are the sameness and the difference between the following five utterances?(1)Will John leave the room?(2)John will leave the room.(3)John,leave the room.(4)Would that John left the room?(5)If John leaves the room,I will leave also.Chapter 6 Pragmatics

40、 I.Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False:l.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.F 8.F 9.F 10.T 11.T 12.F 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 5 页，共 12 页 -文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O

41、4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR

42、7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O

43、4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR

44、7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O

45、4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR

46、7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3文档编码:CR7J8D5G7A7 HV7V7X3D3O4 ZV9E2F2O8O3II.Fill in each blank below

47、 with one word which begins with the letter given:13.Pragmatics 14.semantics 15.context 16.utterance 17.abstract 18.Constatives 19.Performatives 20.locutionary 21.illocutionary missive 23.expressive 24.quantity III.There are four choices following each statement.Mark the choice that can best complet

48、e the statement:25.A 26.C 27.D 28.B 29.C 30.B 31.A 32.C 33.B 34.C 35.A 36.D IV.Define the terms below:37.pragmatics:Pragmatics can be defined as the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication.38.Context:Generally speaking,it consists of the knowledge that is

49、 shared by the speak-er and the hearer.The shared knowledge is of two types:the knowledge of the language they use,and the knowledge about the world,including the general knowledge about the world and the specific knowledge about the situ-ation in which linguistic communication is taking place.39.ut

50、terance meaning:the meaning of an utterance is concrete,and context-dependent.Utterance is based on sentence meaning;it is realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication,or simply in a context.40.sentence meaning:The meaning of a sentence is of-ten considered