(完整word版)专八改错真题及答案.pdf

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1、2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试卷2015 年 3 月 21 日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens,I was taken to a spectacular show on ice by the mother of a friend.Looked round a the luxury of the 1._rink,my friend s mother remarked on the“plush”seats we had been given.I did not know what she meant,and being proud of my 2.

2、_vocabulary,I tried to infer its meaning from the context.“Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary,a positive evaluation。that 3._much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context.So I 4._started to use the word.Yes,I replied,they certainly are plush,and so are the ice rink and the co

3、stumes of the skaters,aren t they?My friend s mother was very polite to correct me,but I could tell from her 5._expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughly means,and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6._new wor

4、ds and new meanings for familiar words,specially in our 7._own first language.But sometimes we need to ask,as I should have asked for Plush,and this is particularly true in the 8._aspect of a foreign language.If you are continually surrounded by 9._speakers of the language you are learning,you can a

5、sk them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap.10._2014 改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition(SLA)emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early

6、1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions(1)_ have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area:(2)_ l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language?(3)_ l What is the explanation for the fact adults have(4)_

7、more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the(5)_ acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors,if any,are relevant in studying the learning of additi

8、onal languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all(6)_ the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common:The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do(7)_ so.Whether one

9、labels it“learning”or“acquiring”an additional language,it is an individual accomplishment or what is under(8)_ focus is the cognitive,psychological,and institutional status of an individual.That is,the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 1 页，共 10 页 -2/10 involving,what

10、 psychological factors play a role in the learning(9)_ or acquisition,and whether the target language is learnt in the classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers.(10)_ 2013 专八短文改错试卷Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processes involved in langu

11、age.Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language,and hence are concerned with(1)_ listening,reading,speaking,writing,and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually(2)_ happens so effortlessly,and most of time,so accurately.(3)_

12、 Indeed,when you listen to someone to speaking,or looking at this page,(4)_ you normally cannot help but understand it.It is only in exceptional circumstances we might become aware of the complexity(5)_ involved:if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it。if a relative or colleague has had

13、 a stroke which has influenced(6)_ their language。if we observe a child acquire language。if(7)_ we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult。or if we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meet anyone else who is.As we shall see,all these examples(8)_ of what might be called“l

14、anguage in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking,(9)_ listening,writing and reading.But given that language processes were normally so automatic,we also need to carry out careful(10)_ experiments to get at what is happening.2012 年The central problem of

15、 translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely.The argument has been going since at least the first(1)_ century B.C.Up to the beginning of the 19th century,many writers favoured certain kind of“free”translation:the spirit,not the letter。the(2)_ sense not the word。the message r

16、ather the form。the matter not(3)_ the manner.This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who(4)_ wanted the truth to be read and understood.Then in the turn of 19th(5)_ century,when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language

17、(6)_ was entirely the product of culture,the view translation was impossible(7)_ gained some currency,and with it that,if was attempted at all,it must be as(8)_ literal as possible.This view culminated the statement of the(9)_ extreme“literalists”Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was

18、 theoretical:the purpose of the translation,the nature of the readership,the type of the text,was not discussed.Too often,writer,translator and reader were implicitly identified with each other.Now,the context has changed,and the basic problem remains.(10)_ 2011 年专八真题改错部分精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 2 页，共

19、10 页 -文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1

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25、 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A13/10 From a very early age,perhaps the age of five or six,I knew that when I g

26、rew I should be a writer.Between the ages of about 1_ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea,but I did so with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2_ soon or later I should have to settle down and write books.3_ I was the child of three,but there was a gap of

27、five years 4_ on either side,and I barely saw my father before I was eight.For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely,and I soon developed disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_ schooldays.I had the lonely childs habit of making up stories and holding conversations wit

28、h imaginative persons,and I think from 6_ the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7_ being isolated and undervalued.I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing in unpleasant facts,and I felt that this created 8_ a sort of private world which I could ge

29、t my own back for my failure 9_ in everyday life.Therefore,the volume of serious i.e.seriously 10_ intended writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages.I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five,my mother taking it down to dictation.2010

30、 年专八真题改错部分So far as we can tell,all human languages are equally complete and perfect as instruments of communication:that is,every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1_ the things their speakers want to say.2_ There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3_ peopl

31、es or cultures,but that is another matter.Certainly,not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice.Whereas this is not the 4_ fault of their language.The Eskimos,it is said,can speak about snow with further more precision and subtlety than

32、we can in 5_ English,but this is not because the Eskimo language(one of those sometimes miscalled primitive)is inherently more precise and subtle than English.This example does not come to light a defect 6_ in English,a show of unexpected primitiveness.The position is simply and obviously that the E

33、skimos and the English live in similar 7_ environments.The English language will be just as rich in terms 8_ for different kinds of snow,presumably,if the environments in which Englishwas habitually used made such distinction as important.9_ Similarly,we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo langu

34、age could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos life.10_ 2009 The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)_ 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第

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41、Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A1文档编码:CE6Y7A2X5B10 HE8E9Q6C10G8 ZK3D3Z5X6A14/10 between school lore and nursery lore.In nursery lore a verse,learn

42、t in early childhood,is not usually passed on again when the (2)_ little listener has grown up,and has children of their own,or even (3)_ grandchildren.The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years.With (4)_ the playground lore,therefor

43、e,a rhyme may be excitedly passed (5)_ on within the very hour it is learnt。and in the general,it passes (6)_ between children of the same age,or nearly so,since it is uncommon for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five years.If,therefore,a playground rhyme can be shown to have

44、 been currently for a hundred years,or even just for fifty,it follows that it (7)_ has been retransmitted over and over。very possibly it has passed(8)_ along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers,and the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling,(9)_ to let alone that

45、 it bears resemblance to the (10)_ 2008 年专八真题短文改错The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a very natural one,and in result language has played a prominent _1_ part in national moves.Men have often felt the need to cultivate _2_ a given language to show that they are distinctive f

46、rom another _3_ race whose hegemony they resent.At the time the United States _4_ split off from Britain,for example,there were proposals that independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a _5_ different language from those of Britain.There was even one _6_ proposal that Americans sh

47、ould adopt Hebrew.Others favoured the adoption of Greek,though,as one man put it,things would certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English _7_ and made the British learn Greek.At the end,as everyone _8_ knows,the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory solution of carr

48、ying with the same language as before._9_ Since nearly two hundred years now,they have shown the world _10_ that political independence and national identity can be complete without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common language.customer.2015 1.looked 改成 looking 2.she后面加 had 3.去掉第二个

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