(完整word版)初中语法专项冠词—定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词(讲义练习题及答案).pdf
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1、语法专项冠词一、不定冠词的用法（a、an）1、用来表示“一”这个数量：Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的。He will be back in a day or two.他将在一至两天内返回。a pair of socks,a hundred,two yuan a metre,eight hours a day,twice a week,a cup of tea.2、泛指某一类人、事或物，这是不定冠词的基本用法。A grammar book is necessary to a language learner.对语言学习者来说，语法书是很必要的。A ho
2、use is a useful animal.3、泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如，A man is looking for you.4、表示“每一”，相当于every 例如，I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。5、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。例如，I have three books.I want to buy a fourth one.我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。6、用在某些固定词组中：a lot(of)许多，大量；after a while 过一会儿；have a rest（休息）；have a look（瞧瞧）；hav
3、e a good time（过得开心）；take a shower（淋浴）；take a break（休息）；take a bath（洗澡）；get a cold（患感冒）；get a fever（发烧）；make a living（谋生）；in a moment（过一会儿）；二、定冠词的用法（the）：1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物，上文提到的，双方都知道的。The blue shirt is mine.蓝衬衫是我的。I have a car.The car is red.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。2、指世界上独一无二的事物。the sun 3、用在序数词，形容词最高级前4、用在某些形容词
4、前，表示某一类人5、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”6、用在方位词前。on the left 7、用在乐器、棋类前。play the piano 8、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。the Black Sea 黑海，the Yangzi River 长江9、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，the United States 美国10、all the same 仍然；all the time 一直；at the moment 此刻；at the same time 同时；by the way 顺便说；do the shopping/washing 买东西/洗衣服；in
5、 the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外三、零冠词的用法：1、在专有名词和不可数名词前。Tian an Men Square天安门广场，2、代词所有格（my，your，his，her 等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any 等)。3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。They are teachers.他们是老师。Tigers like meat.老虎喜欢吃肉4、在星期，月份，季节，节日前:on Sunday 在周日，in March 在三月，in spring
6、在春天，on Women s Day 在妇女节(如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：He joined the Army in the spring of 1982.他在 1982年春季参军。)5、称呼语前，名字前。Tom Mum 6、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。I have lunch at school every day.7、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。No.25 Middle School 8、某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1)与 by 连用的交通工具名称前(2)名词词组：day and night 日日夜夜；brother and sister
7、兄弟姐妹;hour after hour 时时刻刻；here and there 到处(3)介词词组：at home 在家；in surprise 惊奇地；at noon 在中午;on foot 步行；at night 在晚上；on duty 值日；at work在工作；on time 准时；for example 例如；in class 在上课；on show 展览；in bed 在床上(4)go短 语：go home回 家；go to bed 上 床 睡 觉；go to school去 上 学；go to work去 上 班；go shopping/swimming/boating/fis
8、hing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼四、有 the 和无 the：1.in hospital 住院/in the hospital 在医院里2.in front of 在(外部的)前面/in the front of 在(内部的)前面3.take place 发生/take the place(of)代替4.go to school 上学/go to the school 到学校去5.next year 明年/the next year 第二年6.a teacher and writer 一位教师兼作家(一人)/a teacher and a writer 一位教师和一位作家(两人)五、练习题1
9、.There will be _ interview between the manager and his assistants this afternoon.A.an B.a C.the D./2.Little Tony is _honest boy.He never tells lies.A.a B.an C./D.the 3.Please stay for dinner.It will be ready in half _ hour.A.a B.an C.the D./4.Can you see _ one-eyed cow in _field?A.an,the B.a,the C./
10、,the D.a,a 5.A:Which girl is your daughter,Mr.White?B:Oh,look,that little one in red.A.a B.an C./D.the 6.His father is _ engineer.He always wears _ uniform at work.A.a.a B.a.an C.an.a D.an.an 7._ young man beside me is _ university student.A.AnaB.An/C.The anD.The a8._ girl with a toy in her hand is
11、my little sister.A.A B.An C.The D./9.My friend,Harry,his favorite sport is playing _golf.A.a B.an C.the D./10.Last week,I wrote _ article on our School Food Festival toShanghai Students Post.A.the B.an C.a D./11.It s _ pleasure for me to be invited to play _ piano at the concert.A.the,a B.a,the C.a,
12、a D.a,/12.I like to read _ book.It s better than reading on the Internet.A./B.a C.an D.the 13.He ordered a book some time ago and now _book has arrived.A.a B.the C.an D./14.He ordered a washing machine by phone two days ago,and machine has arrived.A.a B.an C.the D./15._ teacher said that Jack was_ n
13、ew student and he was_ honest.A.The,a,B.A,the,a C.A,a,an D.The,a,an 16.Tom likes playing _football,while Lily likes playing violin.A.the/B./the C.the the D./17.Please get everything ready.Our meeting will begin in half _ hour.A.a B.an C.the D./18.It s about half _ hour s walk from here to _ nearest
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21、d to have _ walk in the garden after _ supper.A.a,a B./,a C.a,/D./,/21The scientists from _ United States live in _ Ninth Street.A.the,the B./,the C./,/D.the,/22There is _ report in today s newspaper.Its about the International Film Festival,Shanghai.A.a B.an C.the D./23Mr Wang is _ ambulance man.He
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