12管理科学研究方法(word文档良心出品).pdf

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1、out city created,and care masses life,focus work,in-depth investigation,more out boutique masterpie ce,makes we of research results more to into led of decision vision,more to in national some has effect of newspaper S hang published,for advance work,and publicity cha ngde play due of role.Third,inf

2、ormation submitted to be pragmatic.Quick and timely.T he ancients said:for the time system;statement back for the time being,nothing.T herefore,the submission of information to do four,that is,find the problem faster,editorial writing,send and read faster approval and feedback to implement quickly.T

3、o be true and accurate.True mainly reflect the full pict ure of events,o ne is one,two,this is the life of the information.Accuracy is primarily qualitative and qua ntitative questions,quantitative objective of publicQualitative logic.To be relia ble and useful.We submit information to have access t

4、o decision-making,to guide and promote the work and solve practical problems.Mixed cum.On the negative information and emergency information,rapid escalation in strict accordance with the pr oce dures,firm,newspaper,newspa pers,never late,fail to report,false claim and skimming.Investee 2.supervisio

5、n and insist on,around and protecting their interests to touch the truth,seek practical result s.Adhere to people-oriented,the most important thing is to realize,safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.We carry out inspection,so must go deep among t

6、he masses,go dee p into the realities,always pay attention to the pe opl es livelihood,to grasp the public sentiment,and earnestly safeguard the benefit,addressing the masse s are most concerned about and reflecting the strongest issues,efforts to solve the problem of decisions implemented and not i

7、mplemented.One is to stick to principles.Right of inspection is one of the most important powers of the Office,should not only dare to use,but also with caution.So-called dared to use,is to hold a number of important issues,bold supervision over supervision,track inspection,problems are not solved d

8、o not pass,the blame does not hold did not miss,dissatisfaction of the masses did not miss,the real right of supervision authority,with the benefits.Call with caution,is supervising departments should strengthen t he consciousness of authorized strictly according to proce dure,preventing the supervi

9、sion and excessive to prevent adding burden to grass-roots.To this end,the supervision Department of the Party Committee of supervision must be under city and County party Committee Secretary-Ge neral(Office).Second,we should focus on.Is the Governor,those related to the globalEvent,Governor the pro

10、tracted diff icult,strong Governor during emergency urgent.Not having special departments in charge of the General Governor,under the normal procedure can do good things not Governor,not authorized by County leaders,not the Governor.Third is to solve the problem.The purpose of supervision,to resolve

11、 the problem.o a dhere to and further improve thefeelings survey,by l ooking up public sentiments to find probl ems.Problems will increase its special supervision,set up accounts,hold on to it.We should conscientiously implement the leading contracting matters,secured,had an answ er to everything,th

12、en settles rate of 100%.Have an impact on some of the outstandi ng issues,supervision departments and information components together,play the supervisory role of the news media to promote problem solving.Investee 3.insist on a daily run,around the practice of truth catching efficiency,focus specifi

13、cation.To give full play to the party Office around connecting,coordinati ng internal and external features,contact,rally at all levels,to motivate every aspect,adhere to the truth,strengthening standardized management to achi eve coherent,efficient and effective functioning of the daily work of the

14、 Party Committee.Is proce ssing messages should strive to streamline,standardize and qualit y.Streamlining is to control the number of messages,compress messages,reducing procedures,improve messaghandling efficiency.Specifications,is to strictly enforce the ban issued by the Communist party authorit

15、ies in document ha ndling regulations and provincial and muni cipal regulations,conscientiously strengthen and improve communications management to ensure that party documents orderly.High quality,is to improve the quality of message processing,it is necessary to accurately implementing the intentio

16、n of the Party Committee,clearance,good communications,policy program closed,ensuring that there is no error.Second meeting sche duled to ensure thorough,safe and efficient.Any arrangements for the meetings and events,carefully arranged,item-by-item interface implemented,sure.To vigorously streamlin

17、e meetings,activities,number of pressure reduction,scale to ensure that leadership emerged from the General Conference and entertainment services,focus on big things,matters.Third,reception services should lay stress on humane,personal,cult ural and human.Reception and work directly with peopl e,rec

18、eption services directly affectingthe Office of party Committee The image of the region.At the same time strengthening t he constructi on of library,improve the reception conditions,more human-oriented,personal,cultural work into the reception,a little more human needs,a little more human care more

19、humane atmosphere,and constantly improve the service,improve the quality of service.Meanwhile,to further pay special attention to the daily work of the other Office System.Confidential work responsibility system for leading cadres to implement security as a leader,to improve the confidentiality of c

20、lassified personnel,especially leading cadres,strengthening party and Government focus on vital sectors of security management,to advance privacy management standardization,modernization of security techniques as a means of administration according to law and security enforcement,ensure the safety o

21、f the party and State secrets.Confidential work to meet the demands of new technology development作业 1：P29 练习题第 2 题列出 5 个社会变量，并写出构成变量的属性。1 性别，男性和女性2 职业，教师，农民，售货员等3 受教育程度，小学，初中，高中等4 种族歧视，歧视，不歧视5 水果，苹果，橘子，葡萄作业 2：P59 练习题第 1 题试想教育和偏见之间可能的关联性。请以（a)演绎法和（b）归纳法来探讨两者间的关系。近代科学产生以后，教育研究进入了分析为主的方法论时期。这个时期教育研究方法的

22、基本特点是从经验描述上升到理论概括，不仅描述教育现象的特点，而且揭露教育现象之间的联系和发展历程。初步形成了在哲学认识论指导下的两种研究方式和风格，这就是演绎法和归纳法。演绎法：对人类整理探究提出有系统研究，以理性为前提，根据必然前提，推演出必然结论。归纳法：观察多个别现象，取得事实与证据，探求其共同特征或微特征关系，获取一般结论或原理，从而将结果推广至其他未尽观察类似事件。培根曾列出了四种所谓“扰乱人心的偶像”种族偶像、洞穴偶像、市场偶像和剧场偶像，笛卡尔则要对一切东西采取普遍怀疑的态度。他们这样做的共同目的，就是为了在寻求知理的过程中有效地杜绝偏见。对于归纳法，仅是经验性的，未经过理性思辩

23、或逻辑推理的演绎过程，所以不应该是一种科学的方法。维特根斯坦说：“归纳过程在于发现可以使之和我们的经验相协调的最简单的定律。”所以，归纳法虽然有一定积极意义，但它仅是“最简单”的方法。对教育工作，如果只是凭感觉或经验时，教育的工作就不是由理性支配的。经验不是理性，也就不是理论。除了单纯的归纳与演绎法，还有一种“归演法”“实践理论实践”。这种方法以实践为中心，上升而得出的理论是真理，是不容怀疑和否定的。由于理性都有着很强的排它性，所以“归演法”容易出现无法自圆其说的悖论。在教育实践中，如果观察到差生不及格时，经验就会告诉我们：“差生考试都不及格”。但是若在一次特易的考试中，连最差的学生也及格了时

24、，我们就可能得出“差生不差”的结论了。可见，“归演法”是一种封闭框架，它不接受实践的检验，无法形成螺旋上升的结构来使结论越来越逼近真理。教育实践，没有理论素养的教师，其实践就是盲目的，其工作总结也只是经验总结，即使他们将自己的经验上升为理论，也仅会落入“实践理论实践”的框架，而这是一种封闭性的框架，面对教育实践中不断出现的新问题，无法以其来指导自己的工作。作业 3：P217 练习题第 3 题描述从全国大专院校正在学习大一英文的学生中抽取一个多级整群样本步骤。根据多阶整群抽样的原则，样本的抽取可分成以下几个步骤:1。决定样本的数额(N=?)样 本 的 大 小 取 决 于：A.在 检 验 分 组

25、差 异 模 式 里 有 多 少 个 变 量；B.在辨别分组差异时，采用0.05 还是 0.01 来表示显著意义2。根据已决定样本的大小之后，把全国大专院校分成几个区域，如；华东，华南，华北，东北，西南，西北。在这六个区域里，再进行分化成几个地区。在每个区域内，选择一个地方。收集该地方大专院校在学习英文的学生人数。3。根据第一，二步骤，决定每一个地方所需抽选的人数，随机抽样。out city created,and care masses life,focus work,in-depth investigation,more out boutique masterpie ce,makes we

26、of research results more to into le d of decision vision,more to in national some has effect of newspaper S hang published,for advance work,and publicity cha ngde play due of role.Third,information submitted to be pragmatic.Quick and timely.T he ancients said:for the time system;statement back for t

27、he time being,nothing.T herefore,the submission of information to do four,that is,find the problem faster,editorial writing,send and read faster approval and feedback to implement quickly.To be true and accurate.True mainly reflect the full picture of events,one is one,two,this is the life of the in

28、formation.Accuracy is primarily qualitative and qua ntitative questions,quantitative objective of publicQualitative logic.To be reliable and useful.We submit information to have access to decision-making,to guide and promote the work and solve practical problems.Mixed cum.On the negative information

29、 and emergency information,rapid escalation in strict accordance with the pr oce dures,firm,newspaper,newspa pers,never late,fail to report,false claim and skimming.Investee 2.supervision and insist on,around and protecting their interests to touch the truth,seek practical results.Adhere to people-o

30、riented,the most important thing is to realize,safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.We carry out inspection,so must go deep among the masses,go dee p into the realities,always pay attention to the pe opl es livelihood,to grasp the public sentimen

31、t,and earnestly safeguard the benefit,addressing the masse s are most concerned about and reflecting the strongest issues,efforts to solve the problem of decisions implemented and not implemented.One is to stick to principles.Right of inspection is one of the most impor tant powers of the Office,sho

32、uld not only dare to use,but also with caution.So-called dared to use,is to hold a number of important issues,bold supervision over supervision,track inspection,problems are not solved do not pass,the blame does not hold did not miss,dissatisfaction of the masses did not miss,the real right of super

33、vision authority,with the benefits.Call with caution,is supervising departments should strengthen t he consciousness of authorized strictly according to proce dure,preventng the supervision a nd excessive to prevent adding burden to grass-roots.To this end,the supervision Department of the Party Com

34、mittee of supervision must be under city and County party Committee Secretary-Ge neral(Office).Second,we should focus on.Is the Governor,those related to the globalEvent,Governor the protracted difficult,strong Governor during emergency urgent.Not having special departments in charge of the General

35、Governor,under the normal procedure can do good things not Governor,not authorized by County leaders,not the Governor.Third is to solve the problem.The purpose of supervision,to resolve the problem.o a dhere to and further improve thefeelings survey,by l ooking up public sentiments to find probl ems

36、.Problems will increase its special supervision,set up accounts,hold on to it.We should conscientiously implement the leading contracting matters,secured,had an answ er to everything,then settles rate of 100%.Have an impact on some of the outstandi ng issues,supervision departments and information c

37、omponents together,play the supervisory role of the news media to promote problem solving.Investee 3.insist on a daily run,around the practice of truth catching efficiency,focus specification.To give full play to the party Office around connecting,coordinati ng internal and external features,contact

38、,rally at all levels,to motivate every aspect,adhere to the truth,strengthening standardized management to achi eve coherent,efficient and effective functioning of the daily work of the Party Committee.Is proce ssing messages should strive to streamline,standardize and qualit y.Streamlining is to co

39、ntrol the number of messages,compress messages,reducing procedures,improve messaghandling efficiency.Specifications,is to strictly enforce the ban issued by the Communist party authorities in document ha ndling regulations and provincial and muni cipal regulations,conscientiously strengthen and impr

40、ove communications management to ensure that party documents orderly.High quality,is to improve the quality of message processing,it is necessary to accurately implementing the intention of the Party Committee,clearance,good communications,policy program closed,ensuring that there is no error.Second

41、 meeting scheduled to ensure thorough,safe and efficient.Any arrangements for the meetings and events,carefully arranged,item-by-item interface implemented,sure.To vigorously streamline meetings,activities,number of pressure reduction,scale to ensure that leadership emerged from the General Conferen

42、ce and entertainment services,focus on big things,matters.Third,reception services should lay stress on humane,personal,cult ural and human.Reception and work directly with peopl e,reception services directly affectingthe Office of party Committee The image of the region.At the same time strengtheni

43、ng t he constructi on of library,improve the reception conditions,more human-oriented,personal,cultural work into the reception,a little more human needs,a little more human care more humane atmosphere,and constantly improve the service,improve the quality of service.Meanwhile,to further pay special

44、 attention to the daily work of the other Office System.Confidential work responsibility system for leading cadres to implement security as a leader,to improve the confidentiality of classified personnel,especially leading cadres,strengthening party and Government focus on vital sectors of security

45、management,to advance privacy management standardization,modernization of security techniques as a means of administration according to law and security enforcement,ensure the safety of the party and State secrets.Confidential work to meet the demands of new technology development4。向被随机抽样的发送调查问卷。根据以

46、往抽样调查的经验，问卷的回收率通常在70%。所以，在发送调查问卷时，要把这个百分比考虑进去，多发调查问卷来提高问卷的回收率。作业 4：研究计划书一选题及其意义（一）研究问题：关于南京仙林大学生消费情况的调查。（二）研究目的：主要是消费行为的影响因素和大学生对现在大学消费现状的态度。要求详细了解大学生消费各方面的情况，为大学生合理消费制定科学的管理方案提供依据。1.全面摸清大学生的消费结构与现状。2.全面了解大学生的消费观念与价值观。（三）.文献回顾二研究问题的具体说明（一）概念界定：1.这里的调查对象是仙林大学城的大学生。研究的南京大学、南京师范大学、南京财经大学、南京中医药大学、南京邮电大学

47、、南京森林公安高等专科学校、南京理工大学紫金学院、南京工业职业技术学院、南京信息职业技术学院和应天学院这10所学校的在校大学生。指的只是本科或专科的大学生。2.消费情况，就是通过平时的衣食住行来体现。3.消费观与价值观，一则通过各方面的消费比例来体现，二则通过对现在大学生消费现状的态度及消费资金的来源。（二）A.变量维度自变量（影响消费行为及的因素）1.性别2.年级3.家庭条件4.消费用途5.消费来源6.是否有女朋友或男朋友因变量：1.仙林 10 校大学生的消费水平。2.仙林 10 校大学生各方面消费的比例。3.仙林 10 校大学生对现在大学生消费现状的态度。4.仙林 10 校大学生的消费观念

48、与价值观。B.具体指标1.性别对消费用途和数量的影响。2.年级对消费用途和数量的影响。3.家庭条件对消费用途和数量的影响。文档编码:CG3Z6R3F8B7 HP2Y2O10Y8K6 ZX5B10Z2X1F2文档编码:CG3Z6R3F8B7 HP2Y2O10Y8K6 ZX5B10Z2X1F2文档编码:CG3Z6R3F8B7 HP2Y2O10Y8K6 ZX5B10Z2X1F2文档编码:CG3Z6R3F8B7 HP2Y2O10Y8K6 ZX5B10Z2X1F2文档编码:CG3Z6R3F8B7 HP2Y2O10Y8K6 ZX5B10Z2X1F2文档编码:CG3Z6R3F8B7 HP2Y2O10Y8K6

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