(完整word版)分析化学(第版)课后答案.pdf

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1、第二章误差和分析数据处理1、指出下列各种误差是系统误差还是偶然误差？如果是系统误差，请区别方法误差、仪器和试剂误差或操作误差，并给出它们的减免方法。答：砝码受腐蚀：系统误差(仪器误差)；更换砝码。天平的两臂不等长：系统误差(仪器误差)；校正仪器。容量瓶与移液管未经校准：系统误差(仪器误差)；校正仪器。在重量分析中，试样的非被测组分被共沉淀：系统误差(方法误差)；修正方法，严格沉淀条件。试剂含被测组分：系统误差(试剂误差)；做空白实验。试样在称量过程中吸潮：系统误差(操作误差)；严格按操作规程操作。化学计量点不在指示剂的变色范围内：系统误差(方法误差)；另选指示剂。读取滴定管读数时，最后一位数字

2、估计不准：偶然误差；严格按操作规程操作，增加测定次数。在分光光度法测定中，波长指示器所示波长与实际波长不符：系统误差(仪器误差)；校正仪器。在 HPLC 测定中，待测组分峰与相邻杂质峰部分重叠:系统误差(方法误差)；改进分析方法6、两人测定同一标准试样，各得一组数据的偏差如下：(1)0.3-0.2-0.4 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.0-0.3 0.2-0.3(2)0.1 0.1-0.6 0.2-0.1-0.2 0.5-0.2 0.3 0.1 求两组数据的平均偏差和标准偏差；为什么两组数据计算出的平均偏差相等，而标准偏差不等；哪组数据的精密度高？解：nddddd321n0.241d0.242d

3、12inds0.281s0.312s标准偏差能突出大偏差。第一组数据精密度高。7、测定碳的相对原子质量所得数据：12.0080、12.0095、12.0099、12.0101、12.0102、12.0106、12.0111、12.0113、12.0118 及 12.0120。求算：平均值；标准偏差；平均值的标准偏差；平均值在99%置信水平的置信限。解：12.0104inxx0.00121)(2inxxs0.00038nss0.00120.000383.2525.3t92-20.01时，查表置信限fnstnstxu8、在用氯丁二烯氯化生产二氯丁二烯时，产品中总有少量的三氯丁二烯杂质存在。分析表明

4、，杂质的平均含量为1.60%。改变反应条件进行试生产，取样测定，共取 6 次，测定杂质含量分别为：1.46%、1.62%、1.37%、1.71%、1.52%及 1.40%。问改变反应条件后，产品中杂质百分含量与改变前相比，有明显差别吗？(=0.05时)解：%.nS S.Sxx05306/%13.0/%1301.51%1.7%053.0%60.1%51.1xSxt计查表 2-2，t5，0.05=2.571，t计算 0.1238，结果偏高(3)HCl 浓度比真实浓度低，需要消耗更多的HCl，结果偏低(4)相同质量的碳酸氢钠比碳酸钠消耗的盐酸少，导致消耗盐酸体积减小，盐酸浓度测定值偏高精品资料-欢迎

5、下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 2 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U

6、1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P

7、2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U

8、1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P

9、2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U

10、1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P

11、2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D34、写出下列各体系的质子条件式。解：(1)NH4H2PO4：H+H3PO4=OH-+HPO42-+2PO43-+NH3(2)H2SO4(C1)+HCOOH(C2)：H+=OH-+HSO4-+2SO42-+HCOO-(3)NaOH(C1)+NH3(C2)：H+C1+NH4+=OH-(4)HAc(C1)+Na

12、Ac(C2)：H+=OH-+Ac-C2(5)HCN(C1)+NaOH(C2)：H+C2=OH-+CN-5、写出 H3AsO4MgBr2水溶液的电荷平衡式。解：OH-+H2AsO4-+2HAsO42-+3AsO43-=H+2Mg2+H+=OH-+Br-6、解：)ml(5.55%9684.108.9810005000.2)ml(57%100905.105.6010005000.2)ml(66%2989.003.1710005000.2浓浓浓稀浓稀浓VVVwMcVVcVMwVn8、已知 1mL 某 HCl 标准溶液中含氯化氢0.004374g/mL，试计算：该HCl 溶液对 NaOH 的滴定度该HC

13、l 溶液对 CaO 的滴定度。解：HCl+NaOH=NaCl+H2O2HCl+CaO=CaCl2+H2O/ml)0.004799(g0.004374HClNaOHHCl/NaOHMMT/ml)0.003365(g0.0043742HClCaOHCl/CaOMMT9、解：CaCO3 2HCl%2.98%1002500.010454.209.100%100)mmol(454.2)00.131225.0252600.0(21213sHClmnMwnn碳酸 钙碳 酸 钙碳 酸 钙碳 酸钙10、二元弱酸H2A，已知 pH=1.92 时，H2A=HA-；pH=6.22 时，HA-=A2-。计算：H2A 的

14、 pKa1和 pKa2HA-溶液的 pH。解：pKa1=1.92，pKa2=6.22（二元酸分布系数公式，两个相等处，一个极大值）4.07)p(p21pHa2a1KK第四章酸碱滴定法补充习题：下列各酸，哪些能用NaOH 溶液直接滴定或分步滴定？哪些不能？如能直接滴定，各应采用什么指示剂？(1)甲酸(HCOOH)Ka=1.810-4答：cKa10-8，可以直接滴定。可以采用酚酞指示剂(2)硼酸(H3BO3)Ka1=5.410-10答：cKa110-8，不可以直接滴定。(3)琥珀酸(H2C4H4O4)Ka1=6.910-5，Ka2=2.510-6答：cKa110-8，cKa210-8，但 Ka1/

15、Ka2104。不能分步滴定，但可以直接一次性滴定。(4)柠檬酸(H3C6H5O7)Ka1=7.210-4，Ka2=1.710-5，Ka3=4.110-7答：cKa110-8，cKa210-8，cKa310-8但 Ka1/Ka2104，Ka2/Ka3104。不能分步滴定，但可以直接一次性滴定。(5)顺丁烯二酸Ka1=1.510-2，Ka2=8.510-7答：cKa110-8，cKa210-8，且 Ka1/Ka2104。可以分步滴定。精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 3 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V

16、7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5

17、ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V

18、7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5

19、ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V

20、7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5

21、ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V

22、7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3(6)邻苯二甲酸Ka1=1.310-3，Ka2=3.110-6答：CKa110-8，CKa210-8，但 Ka1/Ka2104。不能分步滴定，但可以直接一次性滴定。1、解：NaOH 吸收 CO2，将部分转化为Na2CO3。滴定强酸，如果以甲基橙为指示剂，终点化学计量关系还是1:2，基本无影响。若以酚酞为指示剂，则碳酸钠不能完全作用为氯化钠，对结果有明显影响。滴定弱酸，NaOH 能中和弱酸，Na2CO3不能中和弱酸，需要消耗更多的标准溶液，将带来正误差(分

23、析结果偏高)。2、答：硼砂溶于水将生成极弱酸硼酸和一元弱碱B4O72-+5H2O=2H2BO3-+2H3BO3一元弱碱的Kb=Kw/Ka,硼酸=1.810-5，因此可以用盐酸准确滴定而醋酸钠 Kb极小，无法准确滴定。氢氧化钠可以测定醋酸不能滴定硼酸同理。补充习题：在下列何种溶剂中，醋酸、苯甲酸、盐酸及高氯酸的酸强度都相同？纯水；浓硫酸；液氨；甲基异丁酮答：液氨(碱性溶剂是酸的均化性溶剂)补充习题：下列溶剂中何者为质子溶剂？何者为无质子溶剂？若为质子溶剂，是酸性溶剂还是碱性溶剂？若为无质子溶剂，是偶极亲质子溶剂还是惰性溶剂？冰醋酸；二氧六环；乙二胺；甲基异丁酮；苯；水；乙醚；异丙醇；丙酮；丁胺答

24、：质子溶剂：；其中，酸性溶剂：；碱性溶剂：无质子溶剂：；其中，偶极亲质子溶剂：；惰性溶剂：补充习题：有一碱液，可能是NaOH、Na2CO3、NaHCO3或其中两者的混合物。今用盐酸滴定，以酚酞为指示剂时消耗HCl 的体积为V1，加入甲基橙，继续用盐酸滴定又消耗HCl 的体积为V2。当出现下列情况时，溶液各由哪些物质组成？V1V20；V2V10；V1=V2；V1=0，V20；V10，V2=0 答：NaOH+Na2CO3；Na2CO3+NaHCO3；Na2CO3；NaHCO3；NaOH。3、解：0.10mol/L NaH2PO4 两性物质溶液，4.70pH(mol/L)102.010.0109.6

25、10.0102.6109.6H2020538312a1aw2a1acKKcKKcKKca；注：此时公式中的Ka1和 Ka2对应于磷酸的第一和第二步离解。0.05mol/L HAc 和 0.05mol/L NaAc 混合溶液缓冲溶液，用缓冲溶液公式计算76.405.005.0lg76.4lgppHa酸碱ccK0.1mol/L NaAc 溶液碱性溶液，按一元弱碱公式计算8.88pH)mol/L(103.1H)mol/L(1067.7107.1101.0OH96514HAca,wb-KKccK0.10mol/L NH4CN，两性物质溶液，用最简公式计算9.23)21.9.259(21)p(p21)p

26、(p21pHHCN,aNH,a2a1a4KKKK精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 4 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档

27、编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1

28、H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档

29、编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1

30、H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档

31、编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1

32、H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D30.10mol/L H3BO3，一元弱酸溶液，用最简公式计算13.5pH)mol/L(1035.7104.510.0H610acK0.05mol/L NH4NO3，一元弱酸溶液，用最简公式计算28.5pH)mol/L(1029.5106.505

33、.0H610NHa,4cK4、已知水的离子积常数Ks=10-14，乙醇的离子积常数Ks=10-19.1，求：(1)纯水的 pH 和乙醇的 pC2H5OH2。(2)0.0100mol/LHClO4的水溶液和乙醇溶液的pH、pC2H5OH2及 pOH、pC2H5O。(设 HClO4全部离解)解：(1)7.00p21pHsK9.55p21OHHpCs252K(2)因 HClO4全部离解，故水溶液中：pH=-lg0.0100=2.00，pOH=14.00-2.00=12.00 乙醇溶液中：pC2H5OH2=-lg0.0100=2.00，pC2H5O=19.10-2.00=17.10 5、解：HA 的摩

34、尔质量)(mol10708.3100020.410900.0)()(3NaOHHANaOHHAcVncVn)(g/mol1.33710708.3250.13HAHAHAHAHAHAnmMMmn5902.4aa4aHANaAa43HAa1026.110902.4p30.40029664.010416.7lgplgppH)mol(10416.7100024.80900.0NaA)mol(0029664.0100024.80900.010708.34.30pHHAKKKnnKnK的物质的量生成剩余量此时，。时滴定剂加到，溶液8.24mL值的8.765.2414.00pH24.5pOH105.6810

35、26.1105020.4120.410900.0OHNaApH6-514bsp，溶液呈碱性化学计量点完全生成的计算化学计量点Kc6、解：化学计量点时，完全生成NaAc 0.0500mol/L mol/L104.5107.1100.10500.0OH6514awbKcKcKpOH=5.27；pH=8.73。终点误差计算略，计算结果相等均为0.03%。7、解：酚酞做指示剂，消耗盐酸12.00mL，说明试样中有Na3PO4。Na3PO4 HCl=Na2HPO4 NaCl 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 5 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE

36、9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R

37、6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE

38、9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R

39、6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE

40、9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R

41、6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE

42、9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3%4.2800.2/568.0HPONa)g(568.014.1425000.010008.00HPONa8.00(mL)12.00232.00HClHPONaNaClPONaHHClHPONaNaCl2PONaHHCl2PONa%18.4900.2/98364.0PONa)(98364.094.1630060.0)mol(0060.0100000.125000.04242424242424343PONaHClPONa

43、4343的含量为：试样中的质量为：试样中为：反应消耗的与滴定至甲基橙终点时，的含量为：试样中gmnn8、解：%6.38%1001402.010000.188288.0%3.43%1001402.010000.172353.0mmol353.0mmol288.01790.061.158.31790.0ml61.1)58.319.5(;ml;583液羧 基被中和；消耗标 准第一计 一计 量点1111萘 酸羟 基萘 酸萘 酸萘酸羟基萘 酸羟 基萘 酸）（）（有：。消耗标准液酚羟基被中和第二计量点时，萘酸为二元酸。羟基萘酸为一元酸，wwnnnn.9、解：只简单提示思路，尿素分子式为CO(NH2)2；每

44、分子尿素能产生2 分子能被吸收滴定的NH3。因此滴定剂HCl 物质的量为尿素物质的量2 倍。第五章配位滴定法3、解：此题题意为Al3+总浓度为 0.10mol/L。6-62-2-1Al(F)FFF1=1+1.4104+1.4107+1.0109+5.6109+2.3109+6.9107=8.9109比较式中各项数值相对大小，可见主要存在形式为AlF3、AlF4-、AlF52-Al3+=cAl/Al(F)=0.10/(8.9109)=1.110-11(mol/L)4、待测溶液含210-2mol/L 的 Zn2+和 210-3mol/L 的 Ca2+，(1)能否用控制酸度的方法选择滴定Zn2+？(

45、2)若能，控制酸度范围是多少？解：lg（cK）=6.815，可用控制酸度的方法选择滴定Zn2+。0.4pHZn44.8lg0.4pH2650.88lglg8lglg8lg)mol/L(100.12/)100.2(6)lg(Y(H)ZnYY(H)Y(H)ZnYZnY22spCaZnYspZn下限是的准确测定时，得，查表要求：根据限，首先计算控制酸度的下，KKKcKc7.1pH6.9pOH10100.210OHZn9.625.15ZnZ n(OH)sp,-222cK水解要求：为防止精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 6 页，共 10 页 -文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M

46、5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:

47、CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M

48、5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:

49、CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M

50、5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码:CF2V7R6P2P3 HQ8H1H2M5G5 ZE9U1T4X5D3文档编码: