(完整word版)英语复合结构.pdf

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1、一、英语复合结构1、概述英语复合结构是一种特殊的句子成分，它由两部分组成：第一部分是名词或代词，第二部分表示动作或者状态。从逻辑上看，两个部分之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，很像句子的主语和谓语，但从结构上看却与句子中的主谓关系不同，区别在于复合结构的第二部分不是谓语形式，而是由动词的非谓语形式及其他词类或介词短语、从句组成的短语。英语复合结构包括：动名词复合结构、分词复合结构和不定式复合结构。2、动名词复合结构(1)结构形式：形容词性物主代词动名词；名词 s 动名词；代词宾格动名词；名词动名词。(2)功能 作主语 His/He coming home late worries his other.

2、John s/John coming here will get us out of trouble.约翰的到来将会使我们脱离困境。作动词或短语动词的宾语I don t remember him/his giving me that book.Her parents insisted on her studying medicine.她父母坚持要她学医。作介词宾语I don t like the idea of our living here.我不愿意我们住在这里。I knew nothing about the window being open.我一点也不知道窗户敞开着。He left t

3、he city without our knowing it 他离开城市我们大家都不知道。.作表语What is most important is Toms going there at once.The main trouble is their not having enough money.His being late again made the teacher angry.（他迟到）Would you mind my/me smoking here?(我抽烟)动名词复合结构不在句首时可以用“宾格加动名词”。以上两种结构中，一个只能用不定式表示动作，一个只能用动名词；而在下面两个结构

4、中，可以有多种词性的词表示动作或状态。2.动词不定式的复合结构(for sb to do sth)Please find some work for the children to do.(孩子们做工作)The book is too difficult for me to read,(我读不懂)3.独立主格结构(主格名词或代词+补足成分)独立主格结构(the absolute structure)是由名词或代词加上分词或分词短语构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子，而不是一个词或词组。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词或分词短语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，独立

5、主格结构的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。（一）独立主格结构的构成：名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；名词(代词)+形容词；名词(代词)+副词；名词(代词)+不定式；名词(代词)+介词短语构成。（二）独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。举例：The test finished,we began our holiday.=When the test was f

6、inished,we began our holiday.考试结束了，我们开始放假。The president assassinated,the whole country was in deep sorrow.=After the president was assassinated,the whole country was in deep sorrow.总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。Weather permitting,we are going to visit you tomorrow.如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。This done,we went home.工作完成后，我们

7、才回家。The meeting gone over,everyone tired to go home earlier.会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。He came into the room,his ears red with cold.他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。He came out of the library,a large book under his arm.他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆注意:1)独立主格结构使用介词的问题：当介词是in 时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不受此限制a robber burst into t

8、he room,knife in hand.(hand前不能加his)。2)当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分词，不及物动词用过去分词。he lay there,his teeth set,his hand clenched,his eyes looking straight up The work finished,we stopped for a drink.(分词)She looked angrily at the pretty girl,her face white and her eyes green.（形容词）Sword in hand,the man came at

9、me.（介词短语）独立主格结构在句子中做状语，表原因或伴随状态。4.复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）His speech made us laugh.（不定式）When she woke up,she found herself in hospital.（介词短语）I want the house painted white.（分词）Don t keep the lights on all the night.（副词。这类副词还有：here,there,home,back,off,away,out,in,up,down等）We consider him one of our best friend

10、s.（名词）We found the movie wonderful.（形容词）能够接复合宾语的动词可分为三类：（1）.感官类，如：see,notice,watch,observe,hear,feel 等（2）.意识类，如：believe,think,suppose,consider,wish 等（3）.使动类，如：keep,leave;make,have,let 等除动词可以接复合宾语外，介词with也可以接复合宾语，在句子中做状语和定语。文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7

11、P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9

12、K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E

13、1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5

14、O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:C

15、F9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ

16、6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7

17、F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10 The farmers found some stone with writing on it.（定语）With a lot of work to do,he got up early and hurried to the workshop.（状语）与动词一样，With复宾中的宾语补足语也可以由各种结构来充当。英语语法With的复合结构用的较多,以下是用法:表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构

18、。with+名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语举例:He stood there,his hand raised.=He stood there,with his hand raise.典型例题：The murder was brought in,with his hands _ behind his back。A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied 答案 D.with+名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词手与分词 绑是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D

19、.英语的四大复合结构英语的复合结构由两个部分组成：一个部分表示人或者物，另一个部分表示动作或者状态。两个部分之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，就是第一部分的人或物是第二部分动作的执行者或承受者，或者，第二部分所表示的状态就是第一部分所表示的人或物所处的状态。例如：We think a good knowledge of English as necessary as an excellent ability to communicate in the work of a foreign affairs official.（英语必不可少）With stepping stones along the ro

20、ad,you dont have to walk in the mud.(沿路的是石头)英语中有四大复合结构：1.动词不定式的复合结构(for sb to do sth)Please find some work for the children to do.(孩子们做工作)The book is too difficult for me to read,(我读不懂)2.动名词的复合结构（sbs/sb doing sth）His being late again made the teacher angry.（他迟到）Would you mind my/me smoking here?(我抽烟

21、)动名词复合结构不在句首时可以用“宾格加动名词”。以上两种结构中，一个只能用不定式表示动作，一个只能用动名词；而在下面两个结构中，可以有多种词性的词表示动作或状态。3.独立主格结构(主格名词或代词+补足成分)文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7

22、F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码

23、:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4

24、HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 Z

25、K7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档

26、编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L

27、4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10The work finished,we stopped

28、 for a drink.(分词)She looked angrily at the pretty girl,her face white and her eyes green.（形容词）Sword in hand,the man came at me.（介词短语）独立主格结构在句子中做状语，表原因或伴随状态。4.复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）His speech made us laugh.（不定式）When she woke up,she found herself in hospital.（介词短语）I want the house painted white.（分词）Don t keep

29、 the lights on all the night.（副词。这类副词还有：here,there,home,back,off,away,out,in,up,down等）We consider him one of our best friends.（名词）We found the movie wonderful.（形容词）能够接复合宾语的动词可分为三类：（1）.感官类，如：see,notice,watch,observe,hear,feel 等（2）.意识类，如：believe,think,suppose,consider,wish 等（3）.使动类，如：keep,leave.余下全文 S

30、ilverBow 2009-6-5 二、with 复合结构一、概述with结构是英语复合结构中最常用的一种，其与形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式或分词组合构成英语复合结构，用作定语或状语成分。二、with复合结构构成复合结构作介词with或 without的复合宾语。复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。三、with复合结构作状语1.with(without)+名词/代词+形容词：She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold。（

31、伴随状语）文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9

32、K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E

33、1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5

34、O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:C

35、F9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ

36、6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7

37、F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U102.with(without)+名词/代词+副词：With the meal over，we all went home。（时间状语）3.with(without)+名词/代词+介词短语：The master was walking up and dow

38、n with the ruler under his arm。（伴随状语）The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand。（伴随状语）4.with(without)+名词/代词+动词不定式；作伴随状语。He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（条件状语）5.with(without)+名词/代词

39、+分词。She fell asleep with the light burning.（现在分词作伴随状语）Without anything left in the cupboard，shewent out to get something to eat.（过去分词作原因状语）四、With复合结构作定语1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs.（介词短语作定语）2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking ou

40、t above the water.（介词短语作定语）3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.（介词短语作定语）五、with用法归纳1.with结构由介词with(without)+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系，而在逻辑上，却具有主谓关系，也就是说，可以用第一部分作主语，第二部分作谓语，构成一个句子。With him taken care of，we felt quite relieved.（原因状语，放句子前面）She fell asleep with

41、 the light burning.With her hair gone，there could be no use for them.2.在 with结构中，第一部分为人称代词时，则该复合结构用宾格代词。He could not finish it without me to help him.3.with结构句子中的位置 with 结构在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面，并用逗号与句子分开。表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面，不用逗号分开。with结构作定语，则放在所修饰的名词之后，一般不用逗号隔开。4.with结构作状语时，不定式、现在分词、和过去分词的区别在 wi

42、th结构中，不定式、现在分词作宾补，表示主动，但是不定式表示将要发生的动作，而现在分词表示正在发生或发生了的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成。With the boy leading the way，we found he house easily.（小男孩已领过路）With the boy to lead the way，we will find the house easily tomorrow.（小男孩明天将领路）He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.（寝室被关着）5.with结构与一般的with短语的区别with结构具有上述功能和特点，而

43、介词 with+名词或代词（组）组成的一般的with短语在句子中可以作定语和状语。作状语时，它能表示动作的方式、原因，但不能表示时间、伴随和条件。在一般的with短语中，with后面所跟的不是复合结构，也根本没有逻辑上的主谓关系。6 with结构与独立主格结构的关系with结构属于独立主格结构，但在结构上，with结构由介词with或 without引导，名词前有冠词、形容词、所有格代词或其它词类所修饰，结构较松散；而独立主格结构没有with或 without引导，结构严密，名词前可用可不用修饰语。在句法功能上，with结构可以作定语，独立主格结构则不能；独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，但也可以

44、作主语，而with结构则不能。文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U

45、10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M

46、9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3

47、Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P

48、7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K

49、7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1

50、R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10文档编码:CF9K7M9F8L4 HZ6E1R3Z8L1 ZK7F5O7P7U10独立主格在口语中不常用，往往由一个从句代替，而with结构较口语化，较常用。例如：There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.（with+复合宾语 结构，在句