(完整word版)初中英语语法专项习题11.情态动词.pdf
《(完整word版)初中英语语法专项习题11.情态动词.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《(完整word版)初中英语语法专项习题11.情态动词.pdf(9页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、情态动词讲义情态动词讲义I.情态动词的语法特征情态动词本身虽有词义,但只表示说话人的看法,命令,准许等;不能单独作谓语,须与实义动词构成谓语1)情态动词除ought to,have to,used to 外,其它情态动词后面只能接不带to 的不定式。2)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。3)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式to,分词-ing,-ed 等形式。4)情态动词类别:can/cannot/can not/cant,may/may not,must/mustnt,shall/shall not/shant,should/shouldn t,ought to/
2、oughtn t to,will/won t,would/wouldn t.need/needn t,dare/daren t,used to/usednt to/didn t use to,have to/dont have to,had better/had better not,would rather/would rather not II.一些容易混淆的用法1.比较 can 和be able to 1)can/could 表示能力(born ability,learned ability),只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to 可以用于多种时态。People ca
3、n speak.He can speak English fluently.A computer cant think for itself.It must be told what to do.He said he could do the work by himself.cf:They will be able to tell you the news soon.他很快就能告诉你消息了。He said he would be able to get a passport soon.He had been able to speak a little Chinese before he ca
4、me to China.2)只用 be able to 表示经过努力或在一定条件下设法成功地做了某事时,而非能力,只能用was/were able to,不能用 could。-managed to do sth./succeeded in doing sth.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.=He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.After two years of hard work,he was able to speak English.Although
5、 the driver was badly hurt,he was able to explain what had happened.With the help of the firemen,they were able to leave the burning house.3)could 不表示时态(1)提出委婉的请求,(注意在回答中不可用could)。-Could I have the television on?-Yes,you can./No,you cant.II.比较 have to 和must 1)两词都是 必须 的意思,have to 表示客观的需要,must 表示说话人主观
6、上的看法,既主观上的必要。My brother was very ill,so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)I want to take more exercise,so I must walk to school every day.2)must 表示必须,必要,一种义务,责任,职责,命令等语气e.g.We must obey the school regulations.You must respect the old.You must come he
7、re early tomorrow.I am afraid I must be leaving.We must stay home,mustnt we?3)表示必然,必定,不可避免的结果Man must die.表示固执,一定要,坚持要e.g.Our three-year-old boy must do the opposite to what we ordered.Why must you interrupt me now and then while I am speaking.Must you shout so loudly?表示过去的不巧,偏偏e.g.Just when I was b
8、usy,the neighbor must come and chat.As I was sitting down to dinner,the telephone must ring.4)have to 有人称、数、时态的变化,而must 只有一种形式。e.g.He had to look after his sister yesterday.You will have to go there alone.5)must 问句的回答e.g.Must I wait until they come?-Yes,you must.-No,you neednt./don t have to/don t n
9、eed to Must we hand in our English exercise books today?-_./_ 6)在否定结构中:dont have to表示 不必 mustnt表示 禁止,不允许,带有很强的语气e.g.You dont have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。You mustnt tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事Cars mustn t be parked here.III.may 表示给予许可1)You may sit here.May I borrow your books?Might I have y
10、our telephone number?2)can/could 和 may/might.can 和 may 都可表示请求,或给与许可。Can 语气一般,could/may 比较礼貌,常用。对于can/could 的回答,一般是 can/can t,不可用 could,而对 may 的回答,则是 may/may not。-Could I use your legtop?-Yes,of course you can./Sorry,I am afraid you cant.-May I leave the classroom?-Yes,you may./No,you mustnt/you may
11、not/you don t have to.IV.情态动词 can,could,may,might,must表示推测的用法1)can/could(1).Can/could 用于疑问句表示猜测,可能,could 一般不表示时态,只表达委婉语气.Where is he now?Can he be reading in the library?Where can they have gone?(2).Can 可表示理论上的可能性或偶尔的可能。You can walk miles and miles through the forest without meeting anyone.He is ver
12、y clever boy,but he can be dull sometimes.Even experienced teachers can make mistakes.(3)can t/couldn t 表示不可能;Couldn t 一般不表示时态,只表达委婉语气.文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文
13、档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9
14、L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7
15、K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P
16、7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1
17、E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9
18、Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y5P7文档编码:CB2H1T1E9L9 HX7P10X9Q7K3 ZP8K3V6Y
19、5P7但在过去时态的宾语从句只能用couldn t.I believe him.He cant e such an irresponsible man.She can t have gone to school.We have no school today.I thought you couldn t have met her yesterday.2)may/might(1)may/might 用于肯定句,表示没有把握的推测;might 表示推测时,不表示时态,只是可能性比 may 小,但在过去时态的宾语从句只能用might.Peter may come with us tonight,bu
20、t he isnt very sure yet.He might be at home.It may have drizzled during the night.Philip may(might)have been hurt seriously in the car accident.(2)may not/mightnt 表示可能不,也许不。He may not know the truth.3)must must 用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为一定。You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.He must be working in
21、 his office.他一定在办公室工作呢。I didnt hear the phone.I must have been asleep.4)这些表示推测的情态动词使用时的时态构成(1)情态动词+动词原形。表示对现在或将来的情况的推测,此时动词通常为系动词。I dont know where she is,she may be in Wuhan.(2)情态动词+动词现在进行时。表示对正在进行的情况进行推测。At this moment,our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.这时,我们老师想必在批改试卷。(3)情态动词+动词完成时。表示对
22、过去情况的推测。The road is wet.It must have rained last night.地是湿的,昨天晚上一定下雨了。(4)情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时。表示对过去正在发生事情或一个完成进行的动作的推测。Your mother must have been looking for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。5表示推测的情态动词语气的强弱肯定语气-由强至弱must may might 否定语气-由强至弱can t couldn t may not might not 疑问语气can 6)could have done 有两种含义。其一,表示本来有能力做但实际上没有;其
23、二,表示差点就,幸亏没,带有幸而没发生的语气。I could have walked to the station if I had known it was so near.You were stupid to throw the box out of the window.It could have hit someone.V.ought to,should 1)也可表示较大的可能性,(推测)文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3
24、HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 Z
25、O7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编码:CT1G5X2X10A3 HG6L5U5B7L4 ZO7U9G9E8S3文档编
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 完整 word 初中英语 语法 专项 习题 11. 情态 动词
限制150内